简介：Inthispaper,weinvestigatetheroleofmorphingonflightdynamicsoftwobirdsbysimulatingtheflowoverrigidandmorphingwingsthathavethecharacteristicsoftwodifferentbirds,namelytheGiantPetrelandDovePrion.Thesimulationofaflappingrigidwingshowsthattherootofthewingshouldbeplacedataspecificangleofattackinordertogenerateenoughlifttobalancetheweightofthebird.However,inthiscasethegeneratedthrustiseitherverysmall,orevennegative,dependingonthewingshape.Further,resultsshowthatmorphingofthewingenablesasignificantincreaseinthethrustandpropulsiveefficiency.Thisindicatesthatthebirdsactuallyutilizesomesortofactivewingtwistingandbendingtoproduceenoughthrust.Thisstudyshouldfacilitatebetterguidanceforthedesignofflappingairvehicles.

简介：肝疾病包含许多肝条件，包括肝失败，肝肝硬化和尖锐、长期的肝炎的一个系列，例如酒鬼，丰满，药，病毒、长期的肝炎。肝损害是在肝疾病的一个主要原因的因素；通常，这些因素包括直接的肝损坏和调停免疫者的肝损害。Neutrophils(也作为neutrophilicgranulocytes或polymorphonuclear白血球(PMN)知道)是在人的最丰富的传播的白血房间类型，并且PMN是一个主要天生的有免疫力的房间子集。到微脉管系统的neutrophils的不恰当的激活和homing贡献肝疾病的许多类型的病理学的表明。这评论总结基于临床的电流和动物模型研究的嗜中性调停肝损害的新奇概念。

简介：AbstractSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by immune dysfunction, vasculopathy, chronic fibrosis of skin and internal organs with complex etiology. With the rapid development and the application in biomedicine of epigenetics, accumulating evidence has shown that epigenetics plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SSc. Environmental factors via epigenetics are needed to trigger and maintain for the disease in the subjects with genetic predisposition to SSc. The role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of SSc includes hypermethylation of the promoter region of nitric oxide synthase and bone morphogenetic protein receptors II, up-regulation of histone deacetylases 4 and 5 expression, and down-regulation of miR-193b and miR-152 in endothelial cells inducing vascular dysfunction; DNA hypermethylation and hypoacetylation of histone H3 and H4 in Friend leukemia virus integration 1 and Kruppel-like factor 5 genes, and the abnormal expression of miR-29, miR-129-5p and miR-135b in fibroblasts causing excessive fibrosis; DNA hypomethylation in the promoter regions of CD11a and CD70 genes in CD4+T cells resulting in immune dysfunction. Studies on the role of epigenetics in SSc are of great significance for better understanding the pathogenic machanism of SSc, which is helpful to find new molecular targets for treating SSc, and consequently, improve the prognosis of SSc.

简介：AbstractThe early intestinal microbiota plays an important role in immune regulation, and the unbalanced composition may increase the occurrence of allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis. This review summarizes the latest studies in the occurrence and development of intestinal microflora and its relationship with atopic dermatitis. These results are conducive to understand the differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy people, and provide a potential intervention for prevention or treatment of atopic dermatitis.

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简介：AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are anuclear particles composed of lipid bilayers that contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and organelles. EVs act as an important mediator of cell-to-cell communication by transmitting biological signals or components, including lipids, proteins, messenger RNAs, DNA, microRNAs, organelles, etc, to nearby or distant target cells to activate and regulate the function and phenotype of target cells. Under physiological conditions, EVs play an essential role in maintaining the homeostasis of the pulmonary milieu but they can also be involved in promoting the pathogenesis and progression of various respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and pulmonary artery hypertension. In addition, in multiple preclinical studies, EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (EVs) have shown promising therapeutic effects on reducing and repairing lung injuries. Furthermore, in recent years, researchers have explored different methods for modifying EVs or enhancing EVs-mediated drug delivery to produce more targeted and beneficial effects. This article will review the characteristics and biogenesis of EVs and their role in lung homeostasis and various acute and chronic lung diseases and the potential therapeutic application of EVs in the field of clinical medicine.

简介：Coldringrollingisanadvancedbutcomplexmetalformingprocessundercoupledeffectswithmulti-factors,suchasgeometrysizesofrollsandringblank,material,formingprocessparametersandfriction,etc.Amongthesefactors,frictionbetweenrollsandringblankplaysanimportantroleinkeepingthestableformingofcoldringrolling.Ananalyticalmethodwasfirstlypresentedforproximatelydeterminingthecriticalfrictioncoefficientofstableformingandthenamethodwasproposedtodeterminethecriticalfrictioncoefficientbycombininganalyticalmethodwithnumericalsimulation.Andtheinfluenceoffrictioncoefficientonthequalityofend-planeandsidespreadofring,rollingforce,rollingmomentandmetalflowcharacteristicinthecoldringrollingprocesshavebeenexploredusingthethreedimensional(3D)numericalsimulationbasedontheelastic-plasticdynamicfiniteelementmethod(FEM)undertheABAQUSsoftwareenvironment,andtheresultsshowthatincreasingthefrictiononthecontactsurfacesbetweenrollsandringblankisusefulnotonlyforimprovingthestabilityofcoldringrollingbutalsoforimprovingthegeometryanddimensionprecisionofdeformedring.

简介：ＲＯＬＥＯＦＷＯＭＥＮＩＮＳＯＣＩＡＬＦＯＲＥＳＴＲＹＰＲＯＪＥＣＴｂｙＹｕａｎＧｕｏｓｈｅｎｇＳｉｎｃｅｉｔｓｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎｉｎ１９９２，ｔｈｅＦｕｊｉａｎＳｈｏｕｎｉｎｇＳｏｃｉａｌＦｏｒｅｓｔｒｙＰｒｏｊｅｃｔｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ...

简介：正Editor'sNote:CAFIU'sSecretary-GeneralNiJiantookpartintheUNSustainableDevelopmentConference(Rio+20)heldinRiodeJaneiro,BrazilfromJune16to21.DuringtheConference,healsoattendedandaddressedasidemeetingof"Poverty-AlleviationandSustainableDevelopment:ChineseNGOsinAction"hostedbyChinaNGONetworkforInternationalExchanges.

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简介：胆汁酸为饮食的类脂化合物和胖可溶的维生素的吸收是重要的，但是正在表明分子与不仅多样endocrine和paracrine功能。胆汁酸调整胆汁酸，类脂化合物和葡萄糖新陈代谢并且调制温度和精力动态平衡。而且，胆汁酸不能仅仅支持房间增长和肝新生，但是能也导致规划细胞死亡。胆汁酸功能通过包括原子荷尔蒙受体的激活的不同小径被调停，细胞内部的家族ases并且血浆膜界限，G蛋白质联合了胆汁酸受体TGR5/Gpbar-1。

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简介：AnumberofresearchprogramshavebeenestablishedtoevaluatepotentialapplicationsofconstructedwetlandsinWesternAustralia.Theseconstructedwetlandsareknownnotonlyfortheirnutrientremovalcapability,butalsotheirroleinhabitatcreation,urbanlandscapingandwaterqualityandenvironmentalhealth.Theyplayanimportantroleinthereductionofnutrients,particularlyphosphorous,fromenteringthewaterways.ThispaperreportsontheimprovementofwaterqualityinthePeelMainDrainbeforeitsdisposalintothePeelEstuary,Perth,WesternAustralia.Thenitrogentophosphorous(N:P)ratiowasbelowthecriticallimitduringsummer(dryspell)andthesystemwaslimitedbynitrogen.Theconcentrationofphosphoruswashighinsummerandlowinwinterduetoincreasedavailabilityofdissolvedoxygeninwinter.AwetlandwasproposedtoimprovethewaterqualityinthePeelMainDrainusingvegetationandsubstrate.Thehydrologiceffectivenesswasfoundtobe78%foradetentiontimeof30hours.Itisexpectedthatthemaximumnitrogenremovalefficiencyoftheconstructedwetlandwillbe80%withanestimatedefficiencyof40%inthefirstyearand60-80%inthesubsequentyears.Forphosphorousitisexpectedthattheconstructedwetlandwillbeeffectiveinremovingfilterablereactivephosphorous.TraditionalsedimentremediationtechniqueshavebeenfoundunsuitableforthelongtermbindingofthephosphorousthereforetheuseofPhoslockTMisrecommended.

简介：Astheprogressofvascularsurgery,artificialvesselshavebecomethesubstituteforlargeandmiddlediametervesselsbuthavenotforsmalldiameteronesowingtothrombogenesisandocclusionwithinashortperiodoftimeafterbeingapplied.ArtificialvesselendothelializationisoneoftheidealmethodstoresolvesuchissueandhasbeenimprovedcontinuouslysinceHerring1in1978putforwardthisterminthefirsttimeandutilizedvascularendothelialcells(ECs)harvestedfromlivinganimalstoperformthetestofartificialvesselendothelialization.

简介：Strokeisaleadingcauseoflong-termdisability.Moststrokepatientsregaintheirfunctionpartiallyorfullyduringthefirst3–6monthsdependingonlocationandsizeofthelesion.Duringthisfunctionalrecoveryphase,corticalreorganizationorplasticityoccurs,andphysiologicalresponsivenessorneuronalexcitabilityisalteredintheipsilesionalandcontralesionalareas.However,howtodrivesuccessfulplasticchangesorsuccessfulstrokerecoveryarenotfullyelucidatedyet.

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简介：OfflineSoftwaresuchasSimulation,Reconstruction,Analysis,andVisualisationareallinneedofadetectordescription.Theseapplicationshaveseveralcommonbutalsomanyspecificrequirementsforthedetectordescriptioninordertobuilduptheirinternalrepresentations.Toachievethisinaconsistentandcoherentmanneracommonsourceofinformation,thedetectordescriptiondatabase,willbeconsultedbyeachoftheapplications.TheroleandsuitabilityofXMLinthedesignofthedetectordescriptiondatabaseinthescopeoftheCMSdetectorattheLHCisdiscussed.DifferentaspectssuchasdatamodellingcapabilitiesofXML,toolsupport,integrationtoC++representationsofdatamodelsaretreatedandrecentresultsofprototypeimplementationsarepresented.

简介：Morethan70lawexperts,lawyersandprosecutorsattendedasymposiumheldinBeijingoflateontherolelawyersshouldplayinpre-trialprocedures.ThesymposiumwassponsoredjointlybytheStateInstituteforProsecutors,theCenterforResearchofProceduralLawsundertheChinaPoliticalScienceandLawUniversityandtheCriminalDefenseCommitteeoftheAll-ChinaLawyers'Association.Thisreporthighlightsthedebatethattookplaceduringthesymposium.1.TheMeaningandSignificanceof

简介：QiandForm(configuration)arethebasicexistencemannersofallthingsintheUniverse.QiisemphasizedintraditionalChinesemedicineWhileForminWesternmedicine.Itisthemostbasicaldifferencebetweentwotheoreticalsys-temsoftraditionalChineseandWesternmedicine.