简介:Non-metallicinclusionisthemainreasonforthepresenceofsurfacedefectsincold-rolledsteelstrip.Inthisstudy,thecomposition,morphology,andsizeofthenon-metallicinclusioninhot-rolled304stainlesssteelstripsareanalyzed.Cold-rolled304stainlesssteelstripswithdifferentcold-rollingreductionhavebeenprepared,andthemorphologyandsizeofinclusioninthesecold-rolledstripsarealsoanalyzed.Furthermore,thedeformationbehaviorofanon-metallicinclusionduringthecold-rollingprocessisstudied.TheresultsshowthatCaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3,akindofbrittlecompoundoxide,isthemaintypeofinclusioninhot-rolled304stainlesssteelstrips.Duringthecold-rollingprocess,ductiledeformationofthistypeofinclusionisnotobvious,wherelargeinclusionsarecrushed,andtheaveragesizeofinclusionsincold-rolledstripsdecreasedwhilethecold-rollingreductionincreased.
简介:Afamilyofclosedsnbalgebras,indexedbyR(thesetofrealnumbers),oftheWickalgebraisconstructed.Fundamentalpropertiesoftilefamilyareshownincludingtheincreasingpropertyandtheright-continuity.Thenotionofadaptednesstothefamilyisdefinedforquantumstochasticprocessesintermsofgeneralizedoperators.Theexistenceanduniquenessofsolutionsadaptedtothefamilyisestablishedforquantumstochasticdifferentialequationsintermsofgeneralizedoperators.
简介:TheNanlingMountains,atlatitude23.5"-25.5"N,isafamousnonfcrrousmctalzoneinChina’ItissituatedatthejuncturcofGuangdong,GuangalandHunan,runningcasttowestingencral.TlicrcarefourclcmentsformingthcNanlingMountains’Extcndingfromeasttowcst,oneisgranitcformedfromtlieIndosiniantothcYansbanianorogcny,andespecia
简介:Realisticsimulationofunderwatersceneisalwaysdifficultbecauseofthespecialandcomplexvisioneffectsinunderwaterspace.Seabedisanimportantpartofunderwaterenvironment.ThispaperdescribesthemethodsforseabedscenesimulationbasedonOpenGL.Itincludesconstructionoffluctuantterrainbasedontherandomsinusoidalalgorithm,simulationofseabedflickereffectbymeansofcirculartexturemappingandgenerationofturbidityeffectbyusingfogtechniques.Fortheapplicationbasedontheleadinghighlevel3Ddevelopmentenvironment-Vega,underwaterscenesimulationisstilladifficultysincethereisnomoduleforit.BasedontheanalysisofVegasoftwareandtheresearchonseabedscenesimulationmethods,aVegaextendingmodulenamed'UnderwaterSpace'wascreatedthroughdevelopingmoduleclassandextendinglynxinterface.ThemoduleclasswasdesignedthroughdevelopingDLLwritteninC++.TheLynxwasextendedthroughdevelopingkeywordconfigurefile,GUIconfigurefileandlynxplug-inDLL.TheproblemthatVegacan'tsimulateunderwaterspace,iselementarilyresolved.Theresultsshowthatthismoduleisefficient,easyusing,andtheseabedsceneimagesarevivid.
简介:Salt-affectedsoilsextensivelydistributeontheearth.Althoughthecausesarevarious,generallyspeakingsalinizationoccurrenceresultsfromtheaccumulationoffreesaltstoanextentthatcausesdegradationofvegetationandsoils.Besides,irrationalhumanpracticeshaveincreasedsoilsalinitybyallowingexcessrechargingofgroundwatertochangethenaturalbalanceofthewatercycleinthelandscape.Thisreducesthesuitabilitytoplantgrowthandincreasesthepotentialforotherformsofland...
简介:Urbanforestryisunderstoodtobethemanagementoftreesandforestsinurbanareas.Ityieldsmanyenvironmentalandmaterialbenefits.InSabah,theenvironmentalservicesofurbanforestryaremoreimportantthanmaterialproducts.Thepotentialofpractisingurbanforestryinvariouszonesandunderdifferentlandownershipisevaluated.AsurbanisationhasoccurredrecentlyinSabah,urbanforestryhasonlybeenpractisedtoalimitedextent.Tourismisaneconomicsectorwhichhasgainedprominenceinrecentyearsandhashugegrowthpotential.Withthenumerousenvironmentalservicesprovidedbyurbanforestrytomakeurbanareasmoreinhabitable,theincreasingtourismactivitiesnecessitateintensificationofurbanforestryactivities.Themainurbancentrescontainmanytouristattractions,andarealsothegatewaystomanyotherecotouristdestinationslocatedthroughoutSabah.WithtourismhighonthedevelopmentagendainSabah,urbanforestryneedstobepromotedsothatbothlocalsandvisitorscanenjoythenumeroussocial,environmentalandeconomicbenefits.
简介:TneglobalchangeofclimateanditsinfluenceonthecroppingsysteminChinahavebeeninvestigatedinthispaper.ItisfoundthatthetemperaturewasincreasedduringthelastdecadeandtheprecipitationdecreasedinnorthernChinaandincreasedinsouthernChinaduringthelast30years.Thesealevelhasbeenrisingbyabout21—26cminthecoastalareassouthof30°NinChinaduringthelast100years.Themostofresultsassimulatedbythegeneralcirculationmodels(GCMs)showthatthetemperatureincreasewouldamounttoabout2°—4°CinthemostpartsofChinaandprecipitationandsoilmoisturemightbedecreasedinnorthernChinaandincreasedinsourthernChinaduetodoublingofcarbondioxide(CO2).TheeffectsofdoubledCO2ongrowthperiodandclimaticyieldcapabilityinChinahavebeenestimatedroughly.ItisshownthattheregionsofthegrowthperiodinChinawouldbemovednorthwardaboutfivedegreeslatitudeandtheclimaticyieldcapabilitymightbeincreasedbyabout10%inthemostpartsofChina.
简介:Fromthe1980stothemid-1990s,Africa’seconomicdevelopmentstagnated.ItsgeopoliticalimportancediminishedremarkablyaftertheendoftheColdWar.Africawasonceastrategic'abandonedpawn'oftheWest.Forquitealongperiodoftime,'Africapessimism'wasverypopularininternationalsociety.Nevertheless,overthepastdecade,majorchangeshavetakenplaceinAfrica.Itseconomicdevelopmenthaschangedfroma'low-ebb'periodintoagrowthperiod.Itsinternationalstatushaschangedfrom'beingmarginalized'into'beingupgraded.''Africanfever'isontheriseacrosstheglobe.Judgingfromboththedomesticandinternationalsituations,Africahasenteredintoitsmostfavorablestrategicperiodofpeaceanddevelopmentsinceindependence,greatlyincreasingtheworld’sexpectationofAfrica’sfuture.However,restrictedbymanyfactors,bothdomesticandinternational,Africastillhasalongandtoughwaytogotomakeitsrejuvenationdreamcometrue.
简介:Theadsorptionof2,4-dinitrophenoland2,6-dinitrophenolonnon-polarandpolaradsorbentswasstudied.TheresultsshowedthattheequilibriumadsorptiondidnotcomplywiththeLangmuirequationandwasnotmono-layeradsorption.ItisofinteresttonoticethattheeffectofpHontheadsorptionof2,4-or2,6-dinitrophenolontoADS-7andADS-21wasverysmall,Theresultisexplainedbyhydrogenbondinginteractionbetween2,4-or2,6-dinitrophenolandtheadsorbentADS-21.ThelargeadsorptioncapacityofdinitrophenolontoADS-21,whichwasabout500mg/gatanequilibriumconcentrationof400mg/L,andthesmalldinitrophenolleakageintheeffluentfromADS-21columnpresentedagoodprospectfortreatmentofwastewatercontainingdinitrophenolwithadsorbentADS-21.
简介:Elevatedheartrateisamajorriskfactorforcardiovasculardiseases.Theinhibitoroffunnycurrent(I(f)),ahyperpolarization-activatedcyclicnucleotide-gatedchannelcurrent,ivabradineisanewagentselectivelyreducingheartratedevoidofothercardiovasculareffects,whichhascomeintothemarketinEuropeformorethan3years.Ithasbeenapprovedthatpureheartratereductionbyivabradinecanimprovemyocardialischemia,endothelialfunctionandmyocardialcontractilefunction.Long-termadministrationwillnotincreaseall-causemortality.Itstherapeuticvalueinstablecoronaryarterydiseasehasbeenverifiedinclinicalpractice,whileinotherfieldsofcardiovasculardiseasesstillneedsmoreevidence-basedmedicalresearch.Thisarticleisareviewaboutitsrecentresearchadvancesinexperimentalandclinicalstudies.