简介：<正>TheeconomicsuccessofChinainthelastthirtyyearsisthemostimpressiveandmostimportantstoryofdevelopmentinhumanhistory.Chinahashad10percentgrowthrateoverlast30years.Noothermajorcountryintheworldhasachieveditbefore.Duringthisperiod,over500millionpeoplewereliftedoutofpoverty.Inflationratewasmoderateandgrowthwaslargelyfinancedfromdomesticsources.Chinaalsohadtremendous

简介：Whatistheinternationalorder?ProfessorZhaoXiaochundefineditasthe'standardsandspecificationsestablishedbythemembersoftheinternationalsysteminordertomaintainitsstabilityandnormaloperationaswellcoordinatingandaddressinginternationalaffairs,andactingasaguaranteemechanism,adecision-makingprocessandprovidingrulesofagenda'.ProfessorCaiTuodefinesitasthe'specificnorms,institution,

简介：Theprecipitationefficiencyanditsrelationshiptophysicalfactorsareexaminedbyanalyzingatwo-dimensionalcloud-resolvingmodelsimulationduringTOGACOAREinthisstudy.Thebasicphysicalfactorsincludeconvectiveavailablepotentialenergy,water–vaporconvergence,verticalwindshear,cloudratio,seasurfacetemperature,airtemperature,andprecipitablewater.Precipitationefficienciesdonotshowacloserelationshiptoairtemperaturenortoseasurfacetemperaturenortoprecipitablewater.Theprecipitationefficiencyincreasesasthewater–vaporconvergencerateincreasesandverticalwindshearweakens,whereasitdecreasesastheconvectiveavailablepotentialenergydissipatesandanvilcloudsdevelop.

简介：TheemergenceofZhangHeng’sseismoscopehasaprofoundhistoricalbackground.ThispaperintendstoexploretheformationandmaterialbasisofZhangHeng’sscientificthought.Itappearsthatthesimpleintentionof"observingvisionsanddistinguishinggoodfortuneormisfortune"washismotivationtodeveloptheseismoscope.Tracingitshistoricalbackground,theauthorsproposedinthispaperthatthedevelopmentofthisseismoscopestartedaround128A.D.,andbasedonperceptualknowledge,twoideasaboutearthquakescameintobeing,i.e.,earthquakelocationcouldbejudgedaccordingtotheinstrumentshakingdirection,andtheearthquakeandearthsplitwereessentiallydifferent.Intheinstrumentmanufacture,ZhangHengadvocatedaprincipleof"makingutensilstoimitatecosmos".Bythisprinciple,thefollowingthreeproblemswerereadilysolved:theseismoscopeimitatedtheresponseofthesuspensionsystemtoearthquakes(i.e.naturalseismoscope).Technically,thetriggermechanismofthelatchwasusedforreference,anditrecordedthephysicalevidenceofearthquakeoccurrencebyaningeniouswayofaballdroppingfromadragon’smouth.Thesolutionofthesethreekeyproblemsleadtotheemergenceoftheseismoscopein132A.D.andthesuccessfuldetectionofanearthquakein134A.D.Hisinventiondeepenedhumanity’sknowledgeofnaturallaws,andpromotedthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinthattimeandlater.

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简介：Inthispaper,wefirstlyanalyzethe"3,400traveltimetable"usedforalongtimeinXinjiangSeismologicalNetworktoobtainthevelocitystructuremodelsinaccordwiththetablebyfitting.ThenwefitthevelocityofallseismicphasesrecordedinXinjiangregioninJanuary2009~December2013.Simulationanalysisisdoneonthereliabilityandstabilityofthevelocities,andaconceptisproposedforbuildingsubareacrustalvelocitymodelsaccordingtopartitioningofseismicclusterregions.ThecrustalvelocitymodelsuitablefortheYutianareaisfittedwiththedataofallphasesofseismiceventswithinaradiusof1°aroundthe2014YutianM_S7.3earthquakesinceJanuary2009,andthemodelisappliedtotherelocationoftheYutianM_S7.3earthquakeanddeterminationoffocaldepthsoftheearthquakesequence.

简介：Theterahertztime-domainspectroscopy(THz-TDS)systemandtherelatedtechnologyandtheapplicationsinCapitalNormalUniversityarepresented.ThemostoftenusedTHz-TDSsystemasaspectroscopicmeasurementsetupinourlabisintroducedindetail,includingtheTHzradiationsource,theTHzdetectionmethodanditsmeasurement,andthecontrolsystem.THzspectraofvariousmaterialsissummarizedanddiscussed.Thesematerialsincludebutnotlimitedtotwokindsoftypicalmatter—theillegaldrugsandexplosives.Thebiologicalmacro-molecules,cosmeticsandfinechemicalmaterials,ediblepigmentsandfoodadditives,homocysteicacidandrelatedcompounds,heavyionsinsoil,Chinesemedicines,tobaccoandcrops,oilandchemicalproducts,carbonnanotubes,superconductors,andvarioussemiconductorsandtheirheterojunctions,arepresented.THzemissionsfromtheInAsandInNsemiconductorssurfacearecompared.THzspectralinvestigationofmetallicmeshstructuresissummarized.Finally,anoutlookofTHzspectroscopicapplicationsisgiven.

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简介：图像识别技术在ITS中的应用领域非常广阔，包括道路识别、障碍物检测、车辆检测、车牌识别和车型识别等领域一在高清视频技术的车牌识别系统中，采用视频全区域动态检测跟踪技术,

简介：Distributedgeneration(DG)willchangecharacteristicsofpowerflowandfaultsoftraditionaldistributionnetworkaswellasthenetworkoperationmode,especiallytheoperationofrelayprotectionandautomaticcircuitbreakerre-closing.Inthispaper,thecharacteristicsandinfluencesofseveraltypesofdistributedgenerationandconnectionpattern,relayprotectionandautomaticcircuitbreakerre-closingareanalyzed.Standardsofrelayprotectionwhendistributedgenerationaccesstodistributionnetworkarediscussedaswell.

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简介：一、政企合作共赢PPP（PublicPrivatePartnership）模式财务可持续、民企效率和服务、接受新技术的弹性，加强基础设施的运营，创造多赢模式。二、电子付费和电子票务系统在台湾的发展

简介：Increasedabdominalimaginghasledtoanincreaseinthedetectionoftheincidentalsmallrenalmass(SRM).WithincreasingrecognitionthatthemalignantpotentialofSRMsisheterogeneous,rangingfrombenign(15%-20%)toaggressive(20%),enthusiasmformoreconservativemanagementstrategiesintheelderlyandinfirmed,suchasactivesurveillance(AS),havegrownconsiderably.AsthemanagementoftheSRMevolvestoincorporateablativetechniquesandASforlowriskdisease,theroleofrenalmassbiopsy(RMB)tohelpguideindividualizedtherapyisevolving.Historically,theroleofRMBwaslimitedtotheevaluationofsuspectedmetastaticdisease,renalabscess,orlymphoma.However,inthecontemporaryera,theroleofbiopsyhasgrown,mostnotablytoidentifypatientswhoharborbenignlesionsandforwhomtreatment,particularlytheelderlyorfrail,maybeavoided.WhenperformingaRMBtoguideinitialclinicaldecisionmakingforsmall,localizedtumors,themostrelevantquestionsareoftenrelegatedtoproofofmalignancyanddocumentation(ifpossible)ofgrade.However,significantintratumoralheterogeneityhasbeenidentifiedinclearcellrenalcellcarcinoma(ccRCC)thatmayleadtoanunderestimationofthegeneticcomplexityofatumorwhensingle-biopsyproceduresareused.HeterogeneousgenomiclandscapesandbranchedparallelevolutionofccRCCswithspatiallyseparatedsubclonescreatesanillusionofclonaldominancewhenassessedbysinglebiopsiesandraisesimportantquestionsregardinghowtumorscanbeoptimallysampledandwhetherfutureevolutionarytumorbranchesmightbepredictableandultimatelytargetable.Thisworkraisesprofoundquestionsconcerningthegeneticlandscapeofcancerandhowtumorheterogeneitymayaffect,andpossiblyconfound,targeteddiagnosticandtherapeuticinterventions.Inthisreview,wediscussthecurrentroleofRMB,theimplicationsoftumorheterogeneityondiagnosticaccuracy,andhighlightpromisingfuturedirections.

简介：Atelevatedtemperatureregimesandabundantprecipitation,mobilizationandaccretionofweatheredironoxidesarepromotedespeciallyinareducedenvironmentsinthetropics.Thismayleadtotheformationofplinthite,whichhardensirreversiblyuponrepeatedwettinganddryingtoformpetroplinthite.Theneedforthisreviewstemsfromtheseeminglydearthofinformationonthesubjectandaneedtoclarifydifferenttermsusedindescribingplinthite.Wereviewvariousresearchworksonplinthiteanditsassociatedpedogenicformsinthetropics.Furthermore,weprofferrecommendationsastothemostappropriatelandusemanagementpracticesthatcouldhelpminimisetheenvironmentalandagronomicproblemsassociatedwithplinthiteanditsrelatedpedogenicforms.Parentmaterial,temperature,seasonalityandgeomorphologyarecriticalfactorsthatinfluencesoilwaterregimewhichinturnaffectthepedogenesisofplinthite.SoilpHandmineralogyareadditionalfactorsthatcouldalsopromoteplinthiteformation.Fossilplinthicsoilsarepotentialproxiesforpalaeoenvironmentalreconstruction.Measuresusedinthemanagementofplinthicsoilsincludemechanicallybreakingthehardpansandtheuseoforganicandinorganicamendmentstomodifythestructureandchemistryofthesoils.Avoidanceofpracticesthatwouldpredisposesoilstoerosionwouldalsopreventplinthization.Wecallfortherelinquishmentoftheterm'laterite'whichisageneraltermforallformsofironoxide-enrichedearthymaterialsasusedforplinthite.PlinthichorizonshouldalsobeincorporatedintotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureSoilTaxonomyinviewofitsgrowingimportanceinsoils.

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简介：Inthisstudy,theentiremitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)controlregion(CR)ofPholisfangiwasamplifiedviapolymerasechainreactionfollowedbydirectsequencing.ThelengthofthemtDNACRconsensussequenceofP.fangiwas853bpinlength.Inaccordancewiththerecognitionsitesaswerepreviouslyreportedinfishspecies,themtDNACRsequenceofP.fangicanbedividedinto3domains,i.e.,theextendedterminalassociatedsequence(ETAS),thecentralconservedsequenceblock(CSB),andtheCSBdomain.Inaddition,thefollowingstructureswereidentifiedinthemtDNACRsequenceofP.fangi:2ETASsintheETASdomain(TASandcTAS),6CSBsinthecentralCSBdomain(CSB-FtoCSB-A),and3CSBsintheCSBdomain(CSB-1toCSB-3).ThesedemonstratedthatthestructureofthemtDNACRofP.fangiwassubstantiallydifferentfromthoseofmostotherfishspecies.ThemtDNACRsequenceofP.fangicontainedoneconservedregionfrom656bpto815bp.Similartomostotherfishspecies,P.fangihasnotandemrepeatsequencesinitsmtDNACRsequence.PhylogeneticanalysisbasedonthecompletemtDNACRsequencesshowedthattherewerenogeneticdifferenceswithinP.fangipopulationsofthesamegeographicaloriginandbetweenP.fangipopulationsofdifferentgeographicalorigins.

简介：ConflictbetweenconservationandcommunitylivelihoodisasignificantissueinChina.BasedonSustainableLivelihoodFramework(SLA),thisstudysystematicallyanalyzedlivelihoodsassetsofacommunityinaYunnansnub-nosedmonkeyconservationareaandfoundthatthelivelihoodpentagonofthecommunitywasshapedbymultiplebutfrailandunstableincomesources,abundantnaturalresourceswithrestricteduseright,underutilizedlabors,inadequatefinancialresources,inconvenientphysicalcapitalandweaksocialcapital.Villagers’incomeheavilydependedonforest,andgrazingandnontimberforestproducts(NTFP)collectionarecommonandmajorincomesourcesforvillagers.However,differentiationofincomedependenceonforestamongvillagers’groupsshowedthatthereisnoclosecorrelationbetweenthelevelofincomeandthelevelofincomedependenceonforest.Households’dailylifealsoheavilydependedontheforestduetoheatingandpig-feedcooking;hence,fuelwoodcannotbeeasilyreplacedbyanyotherenergyresourceforalongperiod.

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