简介:Themainchallengeforcontainerportsistheplanningrequiredforberthingcontainershipswhiledockedinport.Growthofcontainerizationiscreatingproblemsforportsandcontainerterminalsastheyreachtheircapacitylimitsofvariousresourceswhichincreasinglyleadstotrafficandportcongestion.Goodplanningandmanagementofcontainerterminaloperationsreduceswaitingtimeforlinerships.Reducingthewaitingtimeimprovestheterminal’sproductivityanddecreasestheportdifficulties.Twoimportantkeystoreducingwaitingtimewithberthallocationaredeterminingsuitableaccesschanneldepthsandincreasingthenumberofberthswhichinthispaperarestudiedandanalyzedaspracticalsolutions.Simulationbasedanalysisistheonlywaytounderstandhowvariousresourcesinteractwitheachotherandhowtheyareaffectedintheberthingtimeofships.WeusedtheEnterpriseDynamicssoftwaretoproducesimulationmodelsduetothecomplexityandnatureoftheproblems.WefurtherpresentcasestudyforberthallocationsimulationofthebiggestcontainerterminalinIranandtheoptimumaccesschanneldepthandthenumberofberthsareobtainedfromsimulationresults.Theresultsshowasignificantreductioninthewaitingtimeforcontainershipsandcanbeusefulformajorfunctionsinoperationsanddevelopmentofcontainershipterminals.
简介:摘要:集装箱运输是运输方式的重大改革,是现代化运输的重要标志。因受全球疫情影响,集运运价大涨,各外贸企业都在积极采取降低运输成本的方法。其中集装箱装箱方案的优化设计是提高集装箱利用率减少集装箱用量的重要手段,从而达到降低运输成本的目的。在制定装箱设计方案时需遵循相关原则,对在装箱过程中遇到的常见问题进行合理控制,保证集装箱在装箱时箱内空间利用更加合理,从而整体提高装箱利用率,降低运输成本。
简介:冷藏集装箱是专门为要求保持一定低温的鲜货和冷冻货物特殊设计的集装箱.在通常的环境条件下,冷藏集装箱能使箱内的温度保持在25℃到-25℃之间的任意一个温度上.现在国际上采用的冷藏集装箱基本上分两种:一种是集装箱内带有冷冻机,就是所谓机械式冷藏集装箱,使用比较普遍;另外一种是箱内没有冷冻机,但是有隔热结构,即在集装箱的端壁上设置进气孔和出气孔,箱子装在船舱内,由船舶的冷冻装置不断供应冷气,这就是离合式冷藏集装箱,或者别称外置式或夹罐式冷藏集装箱.在海陆联运中为了把必须冷冻的货物保质保量送到货主手中,要求在整个运输过程中,冷藏箱内的温度保持在货主或者管理方指定的温度.这里就产生一个温度控制和监测的问题.