简介：<正>康宁克通—A系合成皮质类固醇类药物,对治疗变应性鼻炎,具有良好的疗效。我科自1993年以来,用此药作下鼻甲和迎香穴注射治疗变应性鼻炎458例,其中男性211例,治疗后出现性功能障碍者4例,现报告如下。

简介：目的探讨耳源性颅内并发症的临床特点及诊治措施。方法回顾分析2003-2010年我科收治的21例耳源性颅内并发症患者的临床资料，病例包括脑脓肿9例、脑膜炎5例、静脉窦血栓性静脉炎4例、硬膜外脓肿3例，继发于胆脂瘤型中耳炎14例、骨疡型中耳炎3例、隐蔽性中耳炎2例、Modini畸形2例。21例均行耳部及头颅cT平扫检查，其中6例未发现颅内病变，经行磁共振成像（MRI）检查后确诊。分别行单纯乳突根治术8例、乳突根治术＋脑脓肿穿刺引流6例、乳突根治术＋颅钻孔脑脓肿引流1例、乳突根治术＋脑脓肿切除术1例、乳突根治术＋静脉窦切开脓肿清除及血栓取出2例、外淋巴漏修补术2例。结果随访1-2年，1例死亡，其余20例治愈，其中19例干耳，1例术腔仍有少量分泌物。全部患者颅内并发症无复发。结论胆脂瘤型和骨疡型中耳炎仍是耳源性颅内并发症的最常见病因，应提倡对这两种危险性中耳炎早期进行手术治疗。临床高度怀疑颅内并发症，CT平扫阴性病例，需行MRI检查。乳突切除进路的显微微创手术有效，无需开颅。

简介：<正>耳源性颅内并发症因抗生素的使用,发病率明显降低。但是,也因抗生素不规范使用,许多菌株出现明显的耐药性,以致临床症状不典型面掩盖病情。现将我科1985～1996年共收治10例中耳炎伴颅内并发症的诊治体会,报告如下:

简介：我科在门诊采用鼻内镜下微波热凝治疗慢性肥厚性鼻炎170例，报告如下。

简介：Mostoftheoculartumorshavepoorprognosis,andtheyremainadifficultproblemintheareaofophthalmology.Withtherapiddevelopmentofmolecularbiologyandimmunologictechniquesandthedeepresearchonoculartumorrelatedgenes,itbecomespossibletodiagnoseandtreatmalignanttumorsfromthemolecularlevel.Thetumornecrosisfactorrelatedapoptosis-inducingligand(TRAIL),amemberofthetumornecrosisfactor(TNF)superfamily,isapromisingcandidate,eitheraloneorincombinationwithestablishedcancertherapies,sinceitcaninitiateapoptosisthroughtheactivationoftheirdeathreceptors.TheabilityofTRAILtoselectivelyinduceapoptosisoftransformed,virus-infectedortumorcellsbutnotnormalcellspromotesthedevelopmentofTRAIL-basedcancertherapy.Here,wewillreviewTRAILanditsreceptors’structure,function,mechanismofactionandapplicationinoculartumorstherapy.

简介：目的探讨真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎恰当的诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾116例鼻内镜下手术治疗的真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎患者的临床资料、分析真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的发生率、临床及病理学特点、诊断及治疗过程。结果鼻窦真菌感染占同期慢性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉病手术患者的5．6％（116／2089）。真菌培养及病理检查证实曲霉菌感染，占所有致病真菌的84．5％（98／116）。各类型真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎中，鼻窦真菌球最为常见，占79．3％（92／116），以上颌窦最为多见，术后2-8年复发率为2．2％（2／92）；变态反应真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎占12．9％（15／116），术后1-3年复发率为13．3％（2／15）；急性爆发性真菌性鼻一鼻窦炎占1．7％（2／116）；慢性侵袭性真菌性鼻．鼻窦炎占6．1％（7／116），随访2-5年均未见复发。结论真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎的诊断必须综合分析患者的病史、临床表现、影像学资料、术中观察、病理学及微生物学检查结果而得以确立，手术清除病灶是该病的主要治疗手段。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatethesideeffectsofthecommonlyusedlasertreatmentalongwithtestingtheneuroprotectiveeffectofbFGFonapotentialretinalimpairment.METHODS:Todothis,30chinchillapigmentedadultmalerabbitsweredividedintothecontrolandexperimentalgroups.ThecontrolandexperimentalgroupsunderwentbothlaserapplicationandbFGFtreatment.Theretinaltissueimpairmentanditsrenewalrateweretestedunderthelightandelectronmicroscopicallevels.RESULTS:Thefocallaserapplicationonrabbiteyescausedmorphologicalalterationsbothintheapplicationregionandintheneighbouringareas.Inthedamagedareas,theouternuclearlayeroftheneuralretinawasalmostdisappeared,retinapigmentepitheliumwasinterrupted,theretinapigmentepitheliummigratedintraretinally,andthedamagedregionalongwithneighbouringareasseemedtobenotseparated.bFGFapplicationjustafterthelaserphotocoagulation,revealedbetterresultsinapplicationareas.CONCLUSION:ItcouldbesuggestedthatthebFGFapplicationfollowinglaserphotocoagulationmighthaveprotective,repairingandwoundhealingeffectsontheretina.

简介：AIM:ToevaluatetheefficacyofSeprafilmtransplantationfollowingadhesiolysisforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionandimprovingsurgicaloutcomes.METHODS:Primaryblepharoplastywascarriedoutonbotheyelidsof18albinorabbits.After2weeks,anewskinincisionwasmade,andadhesiolysiswasperformedonbotheyelids.Therabbitswerecategorizedintotwogroups,onewithadhesiolysisaloneinthelefteyelid(controlgroup),andtheotherwithadhesiolysiswithaSeprafilmgraftintherighteyelid(Seprafilmgroup).Thedegreesofinflammationandfibrosiswereexaminedwithhematoxylin-eosin(HE)andMasson’strichromestains.Expressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)wasalsoimmunohistochemicallyexamined.RESULTS:Eyelidexaminationimmediatelyaftertheoperationrevealedmildswellingandhemorrhageinbothgroups,butthesesymptomsresolvedafter1week-2weeks,andeyelidshapehadrecoveredcompletelyinbothgroups.MicroscopicassessmentsdemonstratedthattheSeprafilmgroupshowedlessinflammationandfibrosisthanthecontrolgroup.TheSeprafilmgroupalsoexhibitedfewerα-SMA-positivecellsthanthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:Basedonthesefindings,weconcludethatSeprafilmgraftwithadhesiolysisisaneffectivemethodforpreventingpostoperativereadhesionsaftereyelidsurgery.

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheregulationofEaf2proteininmouselenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultraviolet(UV)radiation.METHODS:AneyeofEaf2geneknockoutmiceornormalcontrolmicewasexposedtoUVradiation,andtheotheronewasnon-exposed.AlloflenseswereanalyzedbyTUNELandcaspase3activityassaystodeterminethedifferenceoftheapoptosisinducedbyUVradiation.Inaddition,exposedandnon-exposedlenseswereanalyzedbyquantifiedp53expressionandreal-timereversetranscription-polymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)ofBax,Bid,Apaf-1,PumaandNoxa,tocompareEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.RESULTS:UVradiationcausedapoptosisoflenscellsinnormalcontrolmiceandEaf2knockoutmice.Activityofcaspase3wassignificantlyhigherinnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2knockoutmice.Expressionofp53proteinwassignificantlyhigherinlensesexposedtoUVradiationthannonexposedlenses,butwassimilarbetweenEaf2geneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmiceinthesameUVcondition.AfterexposingtoUVradiation,theanalysisofreal-timeRT-PCRdemonstratedthatmRNAlevelsofPumaandNoxaweresignificantlyhigherinlensesofnormalcontrolmicethanEaf2geneknockoutmice,andthatmRNAlevelsofBax,BidandApaf-1werenotsignificantlydifferentbetweengeneknockoutmiceandnormalcontrolmice.CONCLUSION:Eaf2increaseslenscellsapoptosisinducedbyultravioletradiation.AndEaf2up-regulatesexpressionofthePumaandtheNoxatoactonlenscellsapoptosisafterUVradiation.

简介：目的探讨开放性眼外伤合并球内异物的手术疗效,并进一步分析影响眼内炎和视网膜脱离并发症的相关因素.方法回顾性分析67例开放性眼外伤合并球内异物患者,探讨球内异物取出方式和疗效,并进一步研究影响眼内炎和视网膜脱离的相关因素.结果经角膜缘和球壁取出异物7例,经巩膜磁吸术取出11例,经玻璃体视网膜手术取出为49例;术后平均最佳矫正视力为3.63±0.85,较术前最佳视力（2.70±1.17）提高（P＜0.05）;眼内炎的发生和异物取出时间有相关性（P＜0.05）;视网膜脱离的发生和开放性眼外伤损伤区域有相关性（P＜0.05）.结论根据球内异物的性质、部位和眼外伤伤口、玻璃体视网膜情况选择合适的手术方式,取出异物,缝合伤口,可以最大限度恢复视功能;眼内炎和视网膜脱离的发生分别与异物取出时间和开放性眼外伤的损伤部位有关.

简介：AIM:Toexploretheeffectofsaturatedhydrogensalineonbluelight-inducedretinaldamageinrats.·METHODS:Theretinaldamageofratswasinducedbybluelightexposurefor6hoursandexamined8hours,16hoursand24hoursaftertheexposure.OnehundredfemaleSprague-Dawleyratswererandomlydividedintofourgroups.Group1included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithoutanyothertreatment.Group2included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofnormalsaline.Group3included30ratsreceivedlightexposurewithintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensaline.AndGroup4includedtheother10ratswhichdidnotreceiveanytreatment.Theamountofintraperitonealinjectionofsaturatedhydrogensalineandnormalsalinewascalculatedintheratioof1ml/100gofratweight.SpecimenswerecollectedandprocessedbyH-Estaining,ultrastructureobservation,biochemicalmeasurement.Morphologicalchangeswereobservedbylightmicroscopeandtransmissionelectronmicroscope(TEM)andtheretinalouternuclearlayer(ONL)thicknesswasmeasuredbyIPP6.0,whilethemalondialdehyde(MDA)wasmeasuredbycolorimetricdeterminationat532nm.·RESULTS:AlthoughthestructureofretinainGroup1andGroup2wasinjuredheavily,theinjuryinGroup3wasmild.ThedifferencesbetweenGroup1andGroup2werenotsignificant.ComparedwiththeratsinGroup1andGroup2,theonesinGroup3hadmoreclearlydemarcatedretinastructureandmoreorderedcellsbylightmicroscopeandTEMobservation.TheONLthicknesses(400times)offourgroupsateachtimepointexceptbetweenGroup1andGroup2weresignificantlydifferent(P<0.05).ThethicknessesoftheONLinGroup1atthreetimepointswere30.41±4.04μm,26.11±2.82μmand20.63±1.06μm,inGroup2were31.62±4.54μm,25.08±3.63μmand19.07±3.86μm,inGroup3were29.75±3.62μm,28.83±1.97μmand27.61±1.83μm.InGroup4themeanofthethicknesswas37.35±1.37μm.Astimewentby,thedamageg

简介：<正>扩瞳查眼底,是眼科临床检查眼底和玻璃体疾病的常用方法。我科近2年来,遇到2例因滴0.25%"双星明"眼水扩瞳查眼底,而引起青光眼急性发作。病例报告例一,男,65岁。因右眼视物模糊2天,于1995年3月4日上午10时来我院门诊初诊。体检发

简介：目的：观察大范围切除联合新鲜羊膜移植术在治疗复发性翼状胬肉的临床疗效。方法：对复发性翼状胬肉47例50眼在显微镜下行大范围翼状胬肉切除联合新鲜羊膜移植术,观察术后胬肉复发及眼表修复情况。结果：术后随访观察6～36mo,4眼复发,46眼治愈,复发率为8%。结论：大范围翼状胬肉切除联合新鲜羊膜移植治疗复发性翼状胬肉能够有效降低胬肉的复发,且羊膜取材方便,手术操作简单,有利于基层医院开展。

简介：目的评价庆大霉素双氯芬酸钠控制白内障和青光眼术后炎症反应的疗效和安全性。方法采用临床多中心、随机、双盲、对照试验。试验组和对照组分别滴用庆大霉素双氯芬酸钠和复美新，每日4次，观察2wk。结果内眼术后试验组和对照组中有效率分别是71．43％和65．52％，两者间的差异无统计学意义。两组的不良事件发生率也无统计学意义。结论庆大霉素双氯芬酸钠是控制内眼术后（白内障手术和青光眼手术）有效和安全的药物。（中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志，2006，6：223～225）

简介：目的:探讨单侧内直肌截除术治疗儿童残余性和复发性外斜视的有效性及安全性，评价其在不同外斜视类型及不同初次手术方式应用的差异性。方法：回顾性病例系列研究。收集2009-01/2013-02在山东大学附属山东省立医院行单侧内直肌截除术治疗的残余性和复发性外斜视连续性病例48例48眼，观察术后第Id，6wk以及末次随访（术后6~32mo)时患儿眼位、眼位非共同性、融合功能及立体视锐度情况。结果:术后第Id手术正位率为83%(40/48)，欠矫率为4%(2/48)，过矫率为13%(6/48);术后第6wk手术正位率为81%(39/48)，欠矫率为13%(6/48)，过矫率为6%(3/48);末次随访时正位率为75%(36/48)，欠矫率为25%(12/48)，无1例过矫。不同初次手术方式和不同外斜视类型患儿末次随访时手术正位率的差异均无统计学意义（P=0.168、0.50)。术后所有病例均未出现眼球运动非共同性和眼球外转受限。结论:单侧内直肌截除术是治疗儿童残余性和复发性外斜视的安全有效术式，其在不同外斜视类型及不同初次手术方式应用的疗效无差异。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatewhether15-Lipoxygenase-1(15-LOX-1)playsanimportantroleintheregulationofangiogenesis,inhibitinghypoxia-inducedproliferationofretinalmicrovascularendothelialcells(RMVECs)andtheunderlyingmechanism.METHODS:PrimaryRMVECswereisolatedfromtheretinasofC57/BL6JmiceandidentifiedbyanevaluationforFITC-markedCD31.ThehypoxiamodelswereestablishedwiththeBio-bagandevaluatedwithablood-gasanalyzer.ExperimentswereperformedusingRMVECstreatedwithandwithouttransferAd-15-LOX-1orAd-vectorbothunderhypoxiaandnormoxiaconditionat12,24,48,72hours.Theefficacyofthegenetransferwasassessedbyimmunofluorescencestaining.CellsproliferationwasevaluatedbytheCCK-8method.RNAandproteinexpressionsof15-LOX-1,VEGF-A,VEGFR-2,eNOsandPPAR-rwereanalyzedbyreal-timereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(RT-PCR)andWesternblot.RESULTS:RoutineevaluationforFITC-markedCD31showedthatcellswerepure.Theresultsofblood-gasanalysisshowedthatwhenthecultureswereexposedtohypoxiaformorethan2hours,thePo2was4.5to5.4Kpa.WeverifiedRMVECscouldbeinfectedwithAd-15-LOX-1orAd-vectorviaFluorescencemicroscopy.CCK-8analysisrevealedthattheproliferativecapacitiesofRMVECsinhypoxicgroupweresignificantlyhigherateachtimepointthantheywereinnormoxicgroup(P<0.05).Inahypoxiccondition,theproliferativecapacitiesofRMVECsin15-LOX-1groupweresignificantlyinhibited(P<0.05).Real-timeRT-PCRanalysisrevealedthattheexpressionsofVEGF-A,VEGF-R2andeNOsmRNAincreasedinhypoxiagroupcomparedwithnormoxiagroup(P<0.01).However,theexpressionsof15-LOX-1,PPAR-rmRNAdecreasedinhypoxiagroupcomparedwithnormoxiagroup(P<0.01).Italsoshowedthatinahypoxiccondition,theexpressionsofVEGF-A,VEGF-R2andeNOsmRNAdecreasedsignificantlyin15-LOX-1groupcomparedwithhypoxiagroup(P<0.01).However,15-LOX-1andPPAR-rmRNAincreasedsigni

简介：目的：探讨白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,术后3mo矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术的临床疗效。方法：对2014-07/2016-12我院白内障科就诊的34例34眼白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术,分别观察患者术后1wk,1、3mo裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、眼压、角膜散光度、术后并发症情况。结果：随着术后恢复时间的延长,患者各期的裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力均较术前有明显提高。术后3mo最佳矫正视力0.1~〈0.3者1眼,0.3~〈0.5者8眼,0.5~〈0.7者16眼,〉0.7者9眼,达到或接近术前的最佳矫正视力。术后1wk,1、3mo眼压处于正常范围内。手术并没有明显增加角膜的散光度。结论：对于白内障合并晶状体脱位范围〉2个象限的患者,Ⅰ期行白内障囊内摘除术＋前部玻璃体切割术,3mo后矫正视力〉0.3者,Ⅱ期行小切口两点固定人工晶状体悬吊术能有效确切地提高视力,稳定眼压,术后并发症少,是较为安全可靠的治疗方式。

简介：目的：探讨高度近视黄斑病变的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）和眼底荧光血管造影（FFA）的形态学特征、分类和对比分析。方法：对入选的高度近视黄斑病变患者61例101眼均行标准对数视力表检查，验光确定屈光度及最佳矫正视力（BCVA），并用IOL-Master测量眼轴长度。入选者需在同一天内行散瞳眼底检查、OCT及FFA检查，必要时行眼底联合造影（FFA＆ICGA）。分析不同类型的OCT及FFA形态学特征之间的相互联系，并探讨其与屈光度、最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度及中心凹厚度之间的关系。结果：FFA分类的漆样裂纹型在OCT分类的1型中所占比例为57．14％，显著高于新生血管型和黄斑萎缩型（21.43％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型在OCT分类的2型中所占的比例为67．80％，显著高于漆样裂纹型（18．64％）和新生血管型（13．56％），差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。OCT3型均属于FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型。OCT1型的屈光度、眼轴长度明显低于2型和3型，而最佳矫正视力和中心凹厚度则明显高于2型和3型。FFA的漆样裂纹型与新生血管型在屈光度及眼轴长度上虽无明显差异，但后者的BCVA及中心凹厚度显著低于前者（P＜0．05）。漆样裂纹型及新生血管型的屈光度、眼轴长度均显著低于黄斑萎缩型，最佳矫正视力则明显高于黄斑萎缩型（P＜0．05）。结论：高度近视黄斑病变的OCT和FFA形态学特征密切相关，结合OCT和FFA的图像特征对高度近视黄斑病变形态学改变进行对比分析，不仅有助于明确病变的性质，提高我们对疾病发病机制及预后转归的认识，更为临床诊疗提供了有力的支持。

简介：目的提高对蝶窦病变症状和诊断的准确率以及对鼻内镜手术治疗该病优越性的认识.方法分析15例蝶窦病变的临床表现及内镜手术的效果.结果蝶窦霉菌4例,囊肿3例,炎症5例,均1次治愈.蝶窦乳头状瘤1例,随访中;蝶窦自发性颈内动脉假性动脉瘤1例,因行鼻内镜微创手术避免了死亡;蝶窦、后组筛窦低分化鳞癌在鼻内镜下获得精确取检确诊.结论蝶窦病变经CT和MRI等高清晰度的影像学检查可获明确诊断,鼻内镜手术对蝶窦病变治疗有其优越性.

简介：患者，女，46岁，藏族，1a^＋前无明显诱因出现左眼视物模糊，眼球突出，无疼痛及其他不适，未予重视。患者曾于1a前来我院门诊就诊，行CT检查示左眼眶内肿瘤，遂收住入院，入院后发现“肺结核”，故未行手术。患者“肺结核”经治疗痊愈后，续入我院拟行手术治疗。入院检查：