简介:Simulationcanbedefinedasmalingering,orsometimesfunctionalvisualloss(FVL).Itmanifestsaseithersimulatinganophthalmicdisease(positivesimulation),ordenialofophthalmicdisease(negativesimulation).Consciousbehaviorandcompensationorindemnityclaimsareprominentfeaturesofsimulation.Sincesomeauthorssuggestthatthisisamanifestationofunderlyingpsychopathology,evenconversionisincludedinthiscontext.Intoday’sworld,everyophthalmologistcanfacewithsimulationofophthalmicdiseaseordisorder.Incaseofsimulationsuspect,thephysician’sresponsibilityistoprovethesimulationconsideringthedisease/disorderfirst,andsimulationasanexclusion.Insimulationexaminations,thephysicianshouldbefirmandsmarttoselectappropriatetest(s)toconvincenotonlythesubject,butalsothejudgeincaseofindemnityorcompensationtrials.Almostallophthalmicsensoryandmotorfunctionsincludingvisualacuity,visualfield,colorvisionandnightvisioncanbethesubjectofsimulation.Examinermustbeskillfulinselectingthemostappropriatetest.Apartfromthoseintheliterature,weincludedallkindsofsimulationinophthalmology.Inaddition,simulationexaminationtechniques,suchas,useofOCT(opticalcoherencetomography),frequencydoublingperimetry(FDP),andmodifiedpolarizationtestswerealsoincluded.Inthisreview,wemadeathoroughliteraturesearch,andaddedourexperiencestogivethereadersup-to-dateinformationonmalingeringorsimulationinophthalmology.
简介:目的:评价Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者的远期临床疗效。方法:对我院43例82眼35岁及以上近视屈光不正患者行激光角膜手术,采用Shotfile老视切削模式,随访3a。观察术后1、2、3a时的裸眼远、近视力和屈光度变化、视觉满意度情况。结果:术后la裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者81眼(99%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者75眼(91%),等效球镜平均为-0.64±0.63D,总体满意率为91%;术后2a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者79眼(96%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者69眼(84%),等效球镜平均为-0.62土0.59D,总体满意率为86%;术后3a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者77眼(94%),裸眼近视力在0.66以上者62眼(76%),等效球镜平均为-0.55±0.56D,总体满意率为81%。所有人选病例均未出现术中或术后严重并发症,1眼等效球镜为-10.00D的患者la后出现-1.75D的回退,尊重患者意愿为患者进行二次补矫。结论:Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者远期疗效安全稳定,患者满意度较高,随时间延长部分患者视近能力逐渐减弱,术前应与患者进行充分沟通。
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologic,anatomic,andclinicalfeaturesofopenglobeinjuriesinchildren.METHODS:Themedicalfilesofpatientsundertheageof16whohadbeenoperatedforanopenglobeinjuryatAkdenizUniversityHospital’sDepartmentofOphthalmologywereretrospectivelyevaluated.RESULTS:Atotalof90patientswereevaluatedinthisstudy.Amongthesepatients,26(28.9%)werefemaleand64(71.1%)weremale.Themeanageofthepatientswas7.7±4.2years.Themale/femaleratiowasobservedtoincreasewithincreasingage(P=0.006,P=7.48).Injuriesweremostlikelytooccurinspringandautumn(P=0.028).Thetimeintervalbetweentheinjuryandthesurgicalrepairwas9.36±27.4h.Forty(44.4%)oftheinjuriesoccurredinthehome,27(30%)occurredintheyard,and21(23.3%)happenedwhileplayinginthestreet.Themostcommoncausesofinjuryweresharpmetalobjects(P<0.001).Injurytothecorneaoccurredin47(52.2%)ofthepatients(P<0.001).Themostcommoncomplicationtooccurwascataractformation.Additionaloperationswerenecessaryfor37(41.1%)ofthepatients.Thefinalvisualacuitywascorrelatedwithboththeinitialvisualacuityofthewoundedeyepriortosurgeryandthelengthofthewound(P<0.001,r=0.502andP<0.001,r=-0.442,respectively).CONCLUSION:Openglobeinjuriesthataresufferedinchildhoodgenerallyoccureitherathome,intheyard,oronthestreet,withsharpmetalobjectsbeingthemostcommoncauseofinjury.Theinitialvisualacuityandthelengthofthewoundarethemostimportantdeterminantsofthefinalvisualacuity.
简介:目的采用不同色彩多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)刺激模式刺激正常眼黄斑部视网膜,观察不同刺激模式mfERG的波形改变及其特征,为将不同色彩刺激模式mfERG应用于黄斑疾病的检测提供正常基线标准和评估检查的可行性。方法分别采用黑/白刺激模式、黑/红刺激模式和黑/绿刺激模式对19例正常视力成年志愿者进行检测,比较分析一阶kernel反应(FOK)的平均反应密度和峰时变化特征,以及稳态闪烁光反应(flicker-30Hz)的平均反应密度和峰时的变化特征。结果正常人FOK以及flicker-30Hz1~5环P1波潜时与刺激色彩的亮度呈负相关,而P1波平均反应密度与刺激色彩亮度呈正相关,P1波峰时和平均反应密度与平均亮度均呈线性回归关系,表现为其亮度特征。结论不同色彩刺激模式存在亮度效应,由不同色彩的不同亮度特征性改变可以客观反映黄斑区不同亮度通道的功能情况。