简介：青少年屈光不正是一种常见的视觉问题，近年来愈演愈烈。该现象主要由于现代化生活方式的变化，包括高度使用电子设备和缺乏户外活动。屈光不正对青少年的视力和学习成绩产生负面影响，而且会加剧视力下降和其他眼部疾病的风险。下面就来了解一下什么是屈光不正，该如何预防和治疗。

简介：人的双眼是在同一个方向面向前方的,而许多动物的眼睛是在头的两侧各一个的（比如马）。正常情况下,人眼运动是协调的,所以物体在每只眼睛的中央成像。由于双眼分开一段距离，所以物体在每只眼成的像，有微小的差别。大脑将来自双眼的像融合，形成一个有深度的三维图像。这种三维视觉（又称为立体视觉或双眼视）给我们深度知觉。这使我们可以更准确的判断距离，尤其是在物体靠近我们时。试着只睁一只眼来穿针，你就会更加体会双眼视的好处。

简介：目的探讨彩色及能量多普勒血流显像在诊断视网膜脱离中的应用价值。方法对48例患者共50只患眼的高频及彩色、能量多普勒血流显像的声像图进行回顾性分析。结果超声诊断视网膜脱离患眼47只,完全性网脱11眼,部分性网脱36眼。47只患眼都可见玻璃体内异常光带,其中43眼光带内可显示彩色血流信号,占91％。漏诊3例,诊断符合率94％。结论彩色多普勒及能量多普勒血流显像对视网膜脱离具有独特的诊断应用价值,为临床提供可靠的诊断依据。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethetreatmentstatusandprognosisofspace-occupyinglacrimalglandlesionsatonetertiaryeyecenterinChina.·METHODS:Aretrospectiveclinicalstudywasperformedon95patientswithspace-occupyinglesionsofthelacrimalglandsurgicallytreatedattheEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversityfrom2003to2007.Thereviewedclinicaldataincludedage,gender,sideofthelesion,durationofsignsandsymptoms,histopathologicaldiagnosis,treatmentmodality,recurrence(local,regional,anddistantmetastasis)andsurvival.·RESULTS:Ofthe95cases(99eyes),pleomorphicadenomaswerethemostcommonlesions(43cases),followedbylymphoiddisorders(14),inflammatorypseudotumors(11),carcinomaex-pleomorphicadenomas(11),andadenoidcysticcarcinomas(ACC,6).Therewere8patientswithrelapsedpleomorphicadenomas.Fiveofthese8caseshadmalignantpathologicalchanges.AllpatientswithACChadmetastasisandthreeofthemdiedduringtheirfollow-up.·CONCLUSION:Ourstudyindicatedthatthemostcommonlacrimalglandlesionswerepleomorphicadenomas.Multiplerecurrenceandsurgicalproceduresmayincreasetheriskoftumorprogression.ACChadahighincidenceoftumormetastasisandapoorprognosis.

简介：AIM:Tocomparetheeffectoftopicallyadministeredandsubconjunctivallyinjectedbevacizumabonexperimentalcornealneovascularizationinratsfortwoweeksaftertreatment.METHODS:Twenty-eightSprague-Dawleyratsweredividedintofourgroupsof7animals.Eachcornealcenterofrighteyewascauterizedwithsilver/potassiumnitratefor8s.Aftercornealburning,bevacizumab(12.5mg/mL)wastopicallyadministeredthreetimesperday(TBgroup)fortwoweeksorsubconjunctivallyinjectedondays2and4aftercauterization(0.02mL;SBgroup).Asnegativecontrols,ratsreceived0.9%salinetopicallythreetimesperday(TSgroup)orsubconjunctivallyondays2and4(0.02mL;SSgroup).Digitalphotographsofthecorneaweretaken1and2weeksaftertreatmentandanalyzedtodeterminetheareaofcorneacoveredbyneovascularizationasthepercentageofcornealneovascularization.RESULTS:Oneweekaftertreatment,thepercentageofcornealneovascularizationwassignificantlylowerintheTBandSBgroupsthanintheTSandSSgroups(allP<0.05).Twoweeksaftertreatment,thepercentageofcornealneovascularizationwassignificantlylowerintheTBgroupthanintheTSgroup(P<0.05).Inallgroups,thepercentageofneovascularizationwasdecreasingastimepassed(allP<0.05)CONCLUSION:Topicallyadministeredbevacizumabhaslongerstandinganti-angiogeniceffectthansubconjunctivallyinjectedbevacizumabincornealneovascularizationfollowingchemicalinjuryinrats.

简介：目的分析比较角膜地形图与散瞳检影两种方法所测得的散光及与近视度数的关系。方法采用角膜地形图对290只准备行LASIK手术的近视眼进行检查,同时采用散瞳检影法检查记录近视度数及散光并对两种方法所得数据进行比较分析。结果两种方法在散光轴向上无显著性差异(P＞0．5)；而在散光度数方面有非常显著差异(P＜0．01)。角膜地形图检查及检影法所测得的散光度数均与屈光度增高成正比。结论角膜地形图能快速而准确地提供角膜的屈光状态指标；全眼散光仍应以散瞳检影后患眼接受的度数和散光轴作为标准；散光度数均与屈光度增高成正比。

简介：<正>DearSir,IamDr.HuijaeLee,fromtheSeoulIreEyeClinic,Seoul,Korea.Iwritetopresentacasereportofesotropiaafterocclusiontherapy.Amblyopiacanbecausedby

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinintheposteriorscleraofguineapigswithdefocusmyopiaandwhetherbasicfibroblastgrowthfactor(bFGF)injectioninhibitstheformationanddevelopmentofmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.METHODS:After14daysoftreatment,therefractivestateandaxiallengthweremeasuredandthelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinwereassayedintheposteriorscleraeofgroupsofguineapigsthatworeamonocular-7Dpolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)lensorhad-7DlenswearfollowedbytheperibulbarinjectionofPhosphateBufferSolution(PBS)orbFGF.Theuntreatedfelloweyeservedasacontrol.Guineapigswithnotreatmentservedasnormalgroup.·RESULTS:Theresultsshowedthat14daysofmonoculardefocusincreasedaxialeyelengthandrefraction,whilebFGFdeliveryinhibitedthemmarkedly.Further,itwasalsofoundthatthemonocular-7DlenscoulddecreasethelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinexpressions,while,unlikePBS,bFGFincreasedthemsignificantlyincomparisontocontralateralcontroleyesandnormaleyes.CONCLUSION:bFGFcanpreventtheformationanddevelopmentofdefocusmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.Takentogether,ourresultsdemonstratethatbFGFpromotesscleraremodelingtopreventmyopiainguineapigs.

简介：目的：评估单剂量枸橼酸西地那非片对早期年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）男性患者视功能的急性效应。方法：早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男40例，年龄58～86（平均71）岁，前瞻性随机接受安慰剂或者枸橼酸西地那非片（Viagra；PfizerInc，NewYork，NY）100mg，单次口服。受试者双眼在接受药物之前及之后9h内特定的时间间期进行视力、Amsler方格表及辨色力检查。结果：与安慰剂相比，服用枸橼酸西地那非片后视功能检查均未有明显改变。视力和辨色力检查在基线水平上未见有统计意义或临床相关的改变，Amsler方格表检查未见临床相关的改变。服用枸橼酸西地那非片与短暂的轻度至中度头痛和面红有关。结论：单次口服100mg枸橼酸西地那非片，在早期年龄相关性黄斑变性男性样本人群中，耐受性良好，未对视觉产生显著急性效应。

简介：目的：研究血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂坎地沙坦对糖尿病（DM）大鼠视网膜组织VEGF和MCP-1表达的影响.方法：链脲佐菌素（STZ）制备DM大鼠动物模型36只,随机分为DM模型组和坎地沙坦治疗组,另取18只正常SD大鼠作为正常对照组,每组均随机分为4,8,12wk3个亚组.视网膜铺片联合PAS染色观察视网膜微血管形态学变化,应用SABC免疫组织化学法检测坎地沙坦对大鼠视网膜组织VEGF和MCP-1表达的影响.结果：正常对照组视网膜血管网结构清晰,走行规则;DM模型组血管迂曲阻塞,走行不规则;治疗组见血管网迂曲情况较模型组明显改善,走行较规则.在对照组和模型4wk组中大鼠视网膜组织无VEGF和MCP-1阳性表达或只呈弱阳性表达;模型8wk和12wk组两者阳性表达明显增强,且随着病程延长呈递增趋势.治疗组两者的表达则均较同时期模型组明显减弱,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论：研究血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂坎地沙坦可降低DM大鼠视网膜VEGF和MCP-1的表达.

简介：三、盲和低视力的原因阜阳市颖州区盲和低视力的原因中，白内障仍高居首位，占59．06％，其次为弱视，7．09％，第三位为青光眼，5．12％。（见表5）

简介：目的方法结果结论对安徽省两地人群盲和低视力及眼病的流行病学情况进行抽样调查。选择阜阳市颍州区和宣城市绩溪县,采用随机整体抽样方法,对所属居民进行眼部及其他情况的调查。两地的受检人数和受检率分别为3336人（91.40%）和3602人（92.10%）,达到抽样调查要求;两地双眼盲、单眼盲、双眼低视力和单眼低视力的患病率分别为1.05%和0.69%、1.71%和1.25%、1.02%和0.97%、0.87%和0.89%;两地盲和低视力的主要原因分别为：白内障、弱视、青光眼和白内障、眼球萎缩/缺如、青光眼;两地主要眼病都为：屈光不正、白内障、翼状胬肉和沙眼;两地的白内障手术率分别为600和278。据不完全资料估计我省盲和低视力的患病率远高于全国平均水平,盲和低视力的高发人群为50岁以上老年人,女性,孤寡,文盲,低收入者,白内障仍是最主要致盲原因,屈光不正/弱视已日益成为影响人民特别是青少年视力的最主要因素,广泛宣传正确用眼方式,推广青少年正确验光配镜方法,提高相关人员验光配镜水平对于有效降低弱视致残率至关重要。

简介：<正>今年4月11日我刊召开在沪编委扩大会与创刊恳谈会,会议分别由我刊主编王正敏教授与眼耳鼻喉科医院院长张重华教授主持。上海医科大学副校长陈洁教授在讲话中要求编委会努力按"全、新、严、特"四字方针,切实把刊物办好。与会者除对本刊的创刊表示祝贺外,并对提高本刊质量与扩大订户纷纷出谋献策,有的在发言中表示要订阅本刊或增订本刊,长海医院耳鼻喉科主任李兆基教授当场预订本刊

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipbetweentheinfluencingfactorsoccurringbeforeandduringbirthinfull-terminfantsandtheoutcomeofretinopathy.·METHODS:Totally816full-terminfantsadmittedintheneonateintensiveunitofBoaiHospitalofZhongshanbetween1May,2008and30June,2011wereincludedinthestudy.Fundusexaminationwasperformedandevaluatedindividuallyonthemattheageof48hoursafterdelivery,2weeksand1month.Somepossibleriskfactorshappeningprenatallyorduringdeliverysuchaspregnantrelatedhypertension,placentaprevia,placentalabruptionetc,aswellassomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasneonatalasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE),lowbirthweightetc,wererecordedandevacuated.Thentheeffectoftheriskfactorsoffull-terminfantsonretinopathywasstudied.·RESULTS:Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithprenatalpregnantrelatedhypertension(PRH)ofthemother(43.6%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatoffull-terminfantswithout(8.0%).(P<0.001).Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithneonatalasphyxiaand/orhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)(29.3%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthosewithout(15.7%),butcorrelationwasnotfoundbetweentheseverityofretinahemorrhageandthedegreeofhypoxicdisease.Apalecolorofopticdiscwasassociatedwithalowbirthweightoffull-terminfant.Full-terminfantswithbirthweighlessthan2500ghadasignificanthigherincidenceofretinopathythanthosewithbirthweightequalormorethan2500g(P<0.001).·CONCLUSION:Themaininfluencingfactorswhichleadtoretinopathyofhighriskfull-terminfantsareprenatalfactorssuchasPRH,andsomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy,andlowbirthweight.

简介：Oculardrugtransportbarriersposeachallengefordrugdeliverycomprisingtheocularsurfaceepithelium,thetearfilmandinternalbarriersoftheblood-aqueousandblood-retinabarriers.Oculardrugdeliveryefficiencydependsonthebarriersandtheclearancefromthechoroidal,conjunctivalvesselsandlymphatic.Traditionaldrugadministrationreducestheclinicalefficacyespeciallyforpoorwatersolublemoleculesandfortheposteriorsegmentoftheeye.Nanoparticles(NPs)havebeendesignedtoovercomethebarriers,increasethedrugpenetrationatthetargetsiteandprolongthedruglevelsbyfewinternalsofdrugadministrationsinlowerdoseswithoutanytoxicitycomparedtotheconventionaleyedrops.Withtheaidofhighspecificityandmultifunctionality,DNANPscanberesultedinhighertransfectionefficiencyforgenetherapy.NPscouldtargetatcornea,retinaandchoroidbysurficialapplicationsandintravitrealinjection.ThisreviewisconcernedwithrecentfindingsandapplicationsofNPsdrugdeliverysystemsforthetreatmentofdifferenteyediseases.

简介：ToficIOL，又称散光人工晶状体，是将散光矫正与人工晶状体的球镜度数相结合的一种新型屈光性人工晶状体。ToficIOL可使白内障合并散光的患者获得更好的术后视觉效果。本文回顾了ToficIOL的发展史，全面讨论了ToficIOL植入的术前检查、手术方法和术后临床效果观察，分析探讨了ToficIOL目前存在的问题，并对其未来发展进行展望。

简介：·Descemet’smembranedetachment(DMD)canbeapotentiallyseriouscomplicationofintraocularsurgeryoroculartrauma.Thecauseisnotveryclear.WearetryingtoremindanawarenessofthespectrumofDMDresultingfromtrabeculectomybypresentingacaseofextensiveDMDaftertrabeculectomywhichwassuccessfullyrepaired.

简介：眼科疾患的影像学检查过去主要依靠头颅、眼眶平片、CT、超声、眼底萤光素血管造影、颈内、颈外动脉造影以及眼静脉造影等。九十年代末,磁共振成像(magneticresonanceimagingMRI)的问世使检查眼部疾病的方法发生了巨大的变化。MRI作为一种新的、无创伤、无痛苦、无辐

简介：<正>DearSir,IamProf.BeuyJoobfromSanitation1MedicalAcademicCenter,Bangkok,Thailand.Iwritetodiscusstherecentpublicationonproteomicanalysisindiabeticretinopathy(DR).Liuetal[1]concludedthattheirapproachbytwodimensionalfluorescencedifferencegelelectrophoresis(2D-DIGE)combinedwithmatrix-assistedlaser

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethecharacteristicsandcriterionofgraftrejectioninmicemodel.METHODS:C57BL/6orBALB/cmicecornealgraftsweregraftedontoBALB/chosts.Eachgroupwasdividedintotwosubgroupsaccordingtothecornealopacityscores12daftertransplantation.Thecharacteristicsofopacityandneovascularizationwereobserved.Miceofthe12th,50thdayaftertransplantation,thegraftsbiopsyofmiceinallogeneicgroup1,whichopacityscoreexceed3,werepreparedforhistologicalobservationandthoserestoretransparentwereendothelialstained.RESULTS:Therewasnodifferenceofcornealopacityscoreonthe7thand12thdayafteroperation;thehistologicalresultshadnodisparitybetweensyngeneicgroupandallogeneicgroup.Onthe12thdayaftersurgery,theturbiditycurvewasapparentingraftswithopacityscore<2.Mononuclearcellswereshowningraftswithopacityscorereached3inallogeneicgroup1.Differentrejectionperformancewasobservedintissuesectionsonthe50thdayaftersurgery.CONCLUSION:Grafts,opacityscoreexceeds3fromthe7thtothe12thdayafteroperationcouldnotbejudgedasarejection.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontothevariationofgraftsopacitysince12daftercornealtransplantation.