简介:Oneofmanyinterestingresearchactivitiesinbiofluidmechanicsisdedicatedtoinvestigationsoflocomotioninwater.Someofpropulsionmechanismsobservedintheunderwaterworldareusedinthedevelopmentprocessofunderwaterauto-nomicvehicles(AUV).Inordertocharacteriseseveralsolutionsaccordingtotheirmanoeuvrability,influenceonthesur-roundingfluidandenergeticefficiency,adetailedanalysisoffin-likemovementisindispensable.Inthecurrentpaperananalysisofundulatory,oscillatoryandcombinedfin-likemovementsbymeansofnumericalsimulationiscarriedout.TheconservationequationofmassandtheconservationequationofmomentumaresolvedwiththeFiniteVolumeMethod(FVM)byuseofthesoftwareCFX-10.0.Theundulatoryandoscillatoryfinmovementsaremodelledwithanequationthatisimplementedwithinanadditionalsubroutineandjoinedwiththemainsolver.Numericalsimulationsarecarriedoutinthecomputationaldomain,inwhichonefinisfixedinaflow-throughwaterduct.SimulationsarecarriedoutintherangeoftheRenumberupto105.Theresultsshowsignificantinfluenceofappliedfinmotiononthevelocitydistributioninthesurroundingfluid.
简介:Thepurposeofthispaperistoinvestigatetheiterativealgorithmforfindingapproximatesolutionsofaclassofmixedvariational-likeinequalitiesinarealHilbertspace,wheretheiterativealgorithmispresentedbyvirtueoftheauxiliaryprincipletechnique.Ononehand,theexistenceofapproximatesolutionsofthisclassofmixedvariational-likeinequalitiesisproven.Ontheotherhand,itisshownthattheapproximatesolutionsconvergestronglytotheexactsolutionofthisclassofmixedvariational-likeinequalities.
简介:Invitrocellloadingexperimentsareusedtoinvestigatestimulationofstraintocellularproliferation.Astheflowingconditionsofculturefluidinloadingsystemshasbeenlittleknown,strictlypeoplecannotdetecttheinfluenceofstraintocellularproliferationexactlybecauseshearflowcanenhancecellproliferationeither.Basedontheworkingprincipleandcyclicloadingparameters,wesimplifyNavier-Stokesequationtodescribetheflowofculturefluidonsubstratesofuniaxialandequi-biaxialfiattensileloadingsystemsandfourpointbendingsystem.Withapproximatesolutions,thedistributionsofvelocityfieldandwallshearflowtocellsaregained.Resultsshow:shearflowsarezerointhemiddle(orfixedpointorline)ofsubstrateforallsystems,andtheygetlargerproportionallytodistancefrommiddleandsubstrateelongate;theshearflowonthesubstrateoffourpointbendingsystemismuchgreaterthanthoseofothers.Thisshearflowinfourpointbendingsystem,confirmedbyOwan,I.,etalwithOPNmRNAincreaseintheirexperiment,couldcausemoreinfluencetoosteoblast-likecellsthanthatcausedbystrain.WeestimatetheaveragemagnitudeofshearstressinOwan'sdevice,theresultsareconsistentwithotherexperimentaldataaboutshearflow.Inconclusionourstudymakesitpossibletodifferentiatetheinfluenceofstrainoncellularproliferationtothatofshearflowinloadingexperimentswiththedevicesmentionedabovequantitatively.
简介:Locomotionability,efficiencyandreliabilityarekeytargetsforagoodrobot.Thelinkagemechanismforrobotlocomotionisadiscontinuous-constraintmetamorphicmechanism.Herewesetupequationstopresentthediscontinuous-constraint,pointoutthatdrivingandcontrollingarethekeypointstoimprovetheperformanceandefficiencyofthelinkagemechanism.Inspiredbycontrollingstrategyofthemotornervoussysteminperipheralvertebraetothelocomotion,wedrawoffmotorcontrolanddrivestrategy.
简介:记Lq为两个变量的量子环面上的斜导子李代数,当0≠q∈C为非单位时,Lq就是q-类似Virasoro-like代数.本文给出了文中构造的Lq的模上的导子及一上同调群H^1(Lq,M).
简介:<正>教学目标:1.听懂,会读,会说puppetpuzzlelove.2.能听懂,会读,会说,会写kitelike.3.能听懂,会读,会说,会写Ilike/love….Metoo.4.能听懂,会读,会说,会写What’sthis/thatinEnglish?It’sa/an…Doyoulike…?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.教具准备:1.教师:纸盒,木偶,拼图各一个,糖果,巧克力各一些。制作的多媒体课件。2学生:自带一些实物用于课堂操练。教学重难点:What’sthis/thatinEnglish?It’sa/an…Doyoulike…?教学过程:一、游戏激趣,愉快导入1.T:Classbegins.Goodmorning,boysandgirls.Howareyou?What’sinyourpencilcase?S:…(师生之间的freetalk,复习巩固前三单元的知识。)2.T:What’sthis?S:It’sapencilcase.
简介:AIM:Toinvestigateifanimmuneimbalancemayaccountforthedevelopmentandprogressionofchronicradiationenteritis.WeanalyzedtheTh1/Th2immuneresponseprofileearlyand6moafterfractionatedcolorectalirradiation.METHODS:Aratmodeloffractionatedcolorectalγ-irradiation(4-Gyfractions,3fractionsperweek)wasdesignedtoinvestigatetheeffectsofcumulativedoseoninflammatorymediators(cytokinesandchemo-kines)andimmuneresponse(Th1/Th2profileandim-munosuppressivemediatorIL-10)duringacute(early)responseand6moaftertheendoffractionatedirradia-tion(chronicresponse).Analyseswereperformed1dafterthecumulativedosesof16Gyand36Gyand1d,3d,and26wkafterthecumulativedoseof52Gy.RESULTS:Withoutcausinghistologicaldamage,fractionatedradiationinducedelevatedexpressionofIL-1β,TNFα,MCP-1,andiNOSindistalcolonicmucosaduringtheearlypost-irradiationphase.Atthattime,aTh2profilewasconfirmedbyexpressionofboththeTh2-specifictranscriptionfactorGATA-3andthechemokinereceptorCCR4andbysuppressionoftheTh1cytokineIFNγ/IP-10throughouttheirradiationprotocol.After6mo,despitethe2-foldreductionofiNOSandMCP-1levels,theTh2profilepersisted,asshownbya50%reductionintheexpressionoftheTh1transcriptionfactorT-bet,thechemokinereceptorCCXCR3,andtheIFNγ/STAT1pathway.Atthesametime-point,theimmuno-suppressiveIL-10/STAT3pathway,knowntoregulatetheTh1/Th2balance,wasexpressed,inirradiatedrats,atapproximatelyhalfitslevelascomparedtocontrols.ThissuppressionwasassociatedwithanoverexpressionofSOCS3,whichinhibitsthefeedbackoftheTh1polarizationandregulatesIL-10production.CONCLUSION:ColorectalirradiationinducesTh2polarization,defectiveIL-10/STAT3pathwayactivationandSOCS3overexpression.Thesechanges,inturn,maintainaimmunologicalimbalancethatpersistsinthelongterm.
简介:在这篇论文,有一个横向的开的裂缝的像横梁的结构的动态模拟使遭到了到一个随机的动人的集体振荡器被调查。一个裂缝和一个随机的振荡器的同时的效果没被探讨直到现在。在在不同地点并且与不同深度的横梁的裂缝被看作一个组损坏,各作为单个瑕疵。另外,忍受不动在横梁被看作问题的另一种类型。质量,僵硬,抑制并且振荡器的速度被假定是随机的参数。一种改进不安技术被使用减少模拟时间。有每个不明确的参数,不安方法的最大的可靠性能在被完成的变化的最大的价值,这被发现,并且这最大的价值能被Alpha-HilberMonte-Carlo模拟方法获得。模拟结果表明团和速度不确定性在横梁的偏转引起高不确定性。另外,偏转的模式没被不同随机的振荡器参数影响,并且作为结果,损坏的类型能甚至与高不确定性被识别。而且,在节点在附近的偏转横梁中间跨度关于瑕疵提供最好的信息,并且因而在一个实际实验导致最好的传感器地点。
简介:AbstractBackground:Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in determining distant metastasis and intra-hepatic dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Follistatin (FST) family members are considered to be an attractive therapeutic targets and prognostic indicators in cancers. As a derivative of FST, Follistatin Like 5 (FSTL5) may play a similar role in HCC cells. This study aimed to investigate the expression and function of FSTL5 in HCC and its role in EMT.Methods:FSTL5, E-cadherin and vimentin in HCC, and paracancerous tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Correlation of FSTL5 expression with overall survival was assessed. The proliferation and invasion of HCC cell lines SK-Hep1 and MHCC-LM3 were analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and Transwell assays. The expression of FSTL5, E-cadherin, and vimentin in HCC cells was examined by polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. T-test was used to analyze the difference in proliferation and invasion ability between groups. The Spearman rank correlation test was used to detect the correlation between the expression of FSTL5 and E-cadherin or vimentin.Results:The expression of FSTL5 in HCC was lower than that in paracancerous tissues (9.97% vs. 82.55%, χ2 = 340.15, P < 0.001). Patients with high FSTL5 expression had a better prognosis (χ2= 8.22, P= 0.004) and smaller tumor diameter (χ2 = 45.52, P < 0.001), less lymph node metastasis (χ2 = 5.58, P= 0.02), earlier tumor node metastasis stage (χ2 = 11.29, P= 0.001), a reduced number of tumors (χ2 = 5.05, P= 0.02), lower alpha-fetoprotein value (χ2 = 24.36, P < 0.001), more probability of hepatitis carrying (χ2 = 40.9, P < 0.001), and better liver function grade (χ2 = 5.21, P = 0.02). Immunohistochemistry showed that FSTL5 expression in HCC tissues was positively correlated with E-cadherin expression (r = 0.38, P < 0.001) and negatively correlated with vimentin expression (r = -0.385, P < 0.001). Furthermore, over-expression of FSTL5 up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin and down-regulated the expression of vimentin in SK-Hep1 (negative control [NC] vs. FSTL5-interfering group [Lv-FSTL5]: E-cadherin [t= 45.03, P < 0.001], vimentin [t= 67, P < 0.001]) and MHCC-LM3 (NC vs. Lv-FSTL5: E-cadherin [t = 50, P < 0.001], vimentin [t = 72.75, P < 0.001]) cells at mRNA level. The same as protein level. In addition, the over-expression of FSTL5 inhibited the proliferation (NC vs. Lv-FSTL5: SK-Hep1, 3 d [t = 7.324, P = 0.018], 4 d [t = 6.23, P = 0.021], 5 d [t= 10.21, P= 0.003]; MHCC-LM3, 3 d [t= 4.32, P= 0.037], 4 d [t= 7.49, P= 0.012], 5 d [t= 9.3661, P = 0.009]) and invasion (NC vs. Lv-FSTL5: SK-Hep1, t= 21.57, P < 0.001; MHCC-LM3, t= 18.04, P < 0.001) of HCC cells.Conclusions:Down-regulation of FSTL5 may contribute to EMT of HCC, and FSTL5 is a potential target in the treatment of HCC.
简介:WhensupertyphoonSepatcameclosetotheFujiancoastlineonthenightof18August2007(codedas0709inChineseconvention),anassociatedtornado-likeseverestormdevelopedat2307–2320BeijingStandardTimeinLonggang,CangnanCounty,WenzhouPrefecture,ZhejiangProvinceapproximately300kmawayintheforwarddirectionofthetyphoon.Thestormcausedheavylossesinlivesandproperty.Studyingthebackgroundoftheformationofthestorm,thispaperidentifiessomeofitstypicalcharacteristicsafteranalyzingitsretrievalofDopplerradardata,verticalwindshearandsoon.Synopticconditions,suchasunstableweatherprocessesandTBB,arealsostudied.