简介：Anewionexchangekineticsequationincludingresinphasesaturationfactorispresentedinthispaper.Theequationischaracterizedbytheapparentreactionorderandapparentsaturationorder.

简介：Akineticequationofnon-isothermalcrystamzationwasderivedbyextendingAvrami’sequationtothenon-isothermalsituation.Morecrystallizationinformationcanbeobtainedfromthiskineticequation.Thecurvesofnon-isothermalandisothermalcrystallizationswereanalysedandcomparedforpoly(ethyleneterephthalate)(PET),andtheresultswerediscussed.

简介：Inthispaper,amacrokineticsmodelequationdescribingthecharacteristicsofthesolid-liquidmasstransferhasbeenproposed.Thequalitativeanalysisandexperimentalverificationhavebeendoneforthismodeequation.Themodelequationcanexplaintheionexchangeprocessconsiderablywell.

简介：Thekineticsofsuspendedemulsionpolymerizationofmethylmethacrylate(MMA),inwhichwateractedasthedispersedphaseandthemixtureofMMAandcyclohexaneasthecontinuousphase,wasinvestigated.Itshowedthattheinitialpolymerizationrate(Rp0)andsteady-statepolymerizationrate(Rp)wereproportionaltothemassratiobetweenwaterandoilphase,andincreasedasthepolymerizationtemperature,thepotassiumpersulphateconcentration([I])andtheTween20emulsifierconcentration([S])increased.Therelationshipsbetweenthepolymerizationrateand[I]and[S]wereobtainedasfollows:Rp0∝[I]0.73[S]0.32andRp∝[I]0.71[S]0.23.TheaboveexponentswereclosetothoseobtainedfromnormalMMAemulsionpolymerization.Italsoshowedthattheaveragemolecularweightoftheresultingpoly(methylmethacrylate)decreasedasthepolymerizationtemperature,[I]and[S]increased.Thus,MMAsuspendedemulsionpolymerizationcouldbeconsideredasacombinationofmanyminiatureemulsionpolymerizationsproceedinginwaterdropsandobeyedtheclassicalkineticsofMMAemulsionpolymerization.

简介：１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＮｏｒｆｌｏｘａｃｉｎｂｅｌｏｎｇｓｔｏｔｈｅｃｏｍｐｏｕｎｄｏｆｔｈｅｓｅｒｉｅｓｏｆｃａｒｂｏｓｔｙｒｉｌｃｏｎｔａｉｎｉｎｇｆｌｕｏｒｉｎｅ．Ｉｔｉｓａｂｒｏａｄｓｐｅｃｔｒｕｍａｎｔｉｍｉｃｒｏｂｉａｌ，ａｎｄ...

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简介：在血流动的Receptor-ligand相互作用是关键的作为煽动性的串联，血小板血栓，以及肿瘤转移开始生物过程。为了调停，房间粘附，交往的受体和ligands必须被抛锚到二个房间或一个房间和一个基础的二apposing表面上，即，二维(2D)绑定，与在到受体的液体阶段的可溶的ligand的绑定不同，三维(3D)有约束力。当众多的工作在免疫系统集中于receptor-ligand相互作用的3D动力学时，2D动力学和它的规定少些被理解，自从没有理论框架和试验性的试金被建立了直到1993。不仅分子的结构统治在血流动的力量也调整的2D绑定动力学，而是shear房间粘附由交往的受体和ligands调停了。这里，我们在2D绑定和规定提供了当前的进步的概述。理论框架，试验性的大小，运动的率和有约束力的亲密关系的相关问题，和力量规定，被讨论。

简介：多孔的堇青石陶艺在11001350°C从煤苍蝇灰和基本的镁碳酸盐的混合物被准备。孔，曲折力量和在1300°C的样品sintered的热膨胀系数被估计是26%，65MPa和4.21×10−6/°C,分别地。形成进步的动力学被伴有XRD，SEM和孔测量的逐步的等温的dilatometry(SID)调查。从SID的等温的收缩数据能很好被分析根据Makipirtti-Meng开发的实验的率方程得到运动参数，这被发现，dY/dt=nk(T)Y(1−Y)(Y/1−Y)Y在烧结过程和n期间是部分收缩的n/1,少些是一种尺寸部件。为9001000°C和10501150°C的明显的活化能ΔE价值分别地是1294和1778kJ/mol。

简介：Inthispaperforsavingenergytwodifferentburningmethodsofcementclinkerformationhavebeenstudied.Oneistherapidburningmethodandtheotherisordinaryburningmethodsimulatingrotarykiln,andtheyarecomparedbythekineticpointofview.Theresultrevealsthattheactivationenergyofrapidburningismuchlowerthanordinaryburning.Forlookingintothecause,themainrawmaterial—limestonewasburntbythesametwomethodsandthestructureofproductCaOhasbeendetected.ItcanbefoundthatthemicrostructureofCaOproducedbyrapidburningislooser;latticesconstantsaregreater;crystaldefectsaremoreandparticlesizeissmallerthanthatproducedbyordinaryburning.Thesecausethechemicalreactionmoreactive.Sotheactivationenergyofclinkerformationofrapidburningismuchlowerthanthatoftheordinaryburning.

简介：Refractorycompoundsarematerialwithinterestingpropertiesforstructuralapplications.However,theprocessingofsuchmaterialisagreatchallengebecauseoftheirhighmeltingtemperatureandlimitedductility.Mechanicalalloyingisanoveltechniqueofproducingrefractorycompoundswithspecificproperties.Kineticalandstructuralpeculiaritiesofrefractorycompoundsandalloysobtainedbymechanicalalloyingarediscussed.

简介：Theeffectoftemperatureonthepropertiesofboronadsorption-desorptioninbrown-redsoil,yellowbrownsoilandcalcareousalluvialsoilofHubeiProvincewasinvestigatedwiththemobiledisplacementtechnique.TheexperimentaldataofBadsorption-desorptionamountsandreactiontimeat25and40℃werefittedbythezero-order,first-orderandparabolicdiffusionkineticequations.Theadsorptionprocesswasinconformitywiththeparabolicdiffusionlawatboththetemperatures,andthevaluesofrateconstantoftheparabolicdiffusionequationinBadsorptionwere0.138,0.124and0.105mgkg^-1min^-1/2at25℃,and0.147,0.146and0.135mgkg^-1min^1/2at40℃forthebrown-redsoil,yellow-brownsoil,andcalcareousalluvialsoil,respectively,TherelationshipbetweenamountofBdesorptionandreactiontimecouldbewelldescribedbythefirst-orderkineticequation,andthecorrespondingvaluesofrateconstantwere0.0422,0.0563and0.0384min^-1at25℃,and0.0408,0.0423and0.0401min^-1at40℃forthebrown-redsoil,theyellow-brownsoilandthecalcareousalluvialsoil,respectively.Therefore,thedesorptionprocessofBmightberelatedtotheamountofBadsorbedinsoil,Thehigherthtemperature,thelowertheamountofBadsorptionofthesamesoilinthesamereactiontime,ThevaluesoftheapparentactivationenergyofBadsorptioninthethreesoilscalculatedwiththerateconstantsofparabolicdiffusionequationwere3.27,8.44and12.99kJmol^-1,respectively,basedontheexperimentaldataofBadsorptionamountsandreactiontimeatand40℃.

简介：ThepolymerizationofMMAinitiatedbycopper(Ⅱ）chelatingresins/CCl4systemwasstudied.Fromthekineticdata,thekineticequationofpolymerizationcanbeexpressedasRp=Ke^-56400/RT[MMA]^1.57[CCl4]^m[RESIN-Cu]^0.18wherem:3-4.5,when[CCl4]0.1-6.93M.Thefreeradicalpolymerizationmechanismisproposed.Theprimaryradicalsareformedbytheprocessofcomplexation-chlorinetransformationamongthecopper(Ⅱ)chelatingresin,CCl4andmethacrylate.

简介：Itisofgreatimportanceforobtainingtheperfectweldingpropertiestocontroltheacicularferrite(AF)transformationbehaviorreasonablyinsteelweld.AFcontinuoustransformationkineticsintheHSLAsteelweldwascalculatedandmodeledbasedonthedirectgrowthontheinclusionsinertinterface.Thesimulationresultsarecoincidentwiththeexperimentalvaluewell.

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简介：ThesynthesisofcalciumformatebyCa(OH)2carbonylationwasstudiedinasemi-batchstirredtank.Thereactionmechanismwasanalyzedtheoreticallyandtherateofeachstepwascompared.Theinfluenceofreactionconditionsontheformationofcalciumformatewasinvestigated.Theresultsindicatethattherate-controllingstepisthereactionbetweendissolvedCOanddissolvedCa(OH)2,andthegaseousdiffusionresistancecanbeeliminatedwhenthestirringspeedreached1000r/min.Furthermore,thereactionkineticswasstudiedatastirringspeedof1000r/min,temperatureof423–453K,pressureof2.0–3.5MPaanddifferentinitialconcentrationsofCa(OH)2.AneffectivemethodwasproposedtomeasurethereactionrateofCO.Amathematicalmodelwasdevelopedusingthedual-filmtheory,andtheparameterswereobtainedusingregressionofexperimentaldata.Thereactionratescalculatedusingthekineticsmodelwerecomparedwithexperimentaldata.Theresultsshowthatthedeviationsarewithin±10%,provingthattheestablishedmodelisvalidandcanprovideabasisforindustrialamplification.

简介：α,α-dimethoxy-α-Phenylacetophenone（DMPA）isanefficientandthermallystablephotoinitiator.Hereitsspectralcharacteristicsinthetransientstatewereshown.Thetransientspecieswereidentifiedasabenzoylradicalandadimethoxyibenzylradicalthatplayedaprimaryinitiationroleinpolymerization.ThekineticsandmechanismofthebulkpolymerizationofMMAwereinvestigated.TheexponentofDMPAconcentrationandkp/k11/2valuewerefoundtobe0.5and0.066mol（-1/2）l1/2s-1/2,respectively.Theexistenceofoxygenledtoobtainthepolymerwithhighermolecularweight,whichcanbeattributedtotheoccurrenceofthesubsequentpolymerizationinducedbyactivepolymerendgroup.Inthephotocrosslinkingreaction,thedependenceofDMPAcontentoninitialratehasbeenfound.AprincipalreasonisthatthesamplecontainedhigherpercentageofDMPAhashigherlight-absorbedefficiency.Insolidfilm,higherconcentrationofDMPAispermittedtobeusedbecausethereislittleexcitedstateself-quenchingeffectintherigidmedium.

简介：NiTialloyisproducedbymechanicalalloying(MA).Itbecomesamorphousaftermillingforenoughtime,suchas100hinthispaper.DSCmeasurementshowsthatthecrystallizationtemperatureis676Kfortheamorphouspowder.Activationenergyofcrystallizationis199.98kJ/molforMApowder,whichislowerthanthatofamorphouspreparedbymagnetronsputtering.Avramiparameterofcrystallizationis1.07.

简介：TheoverallreactionwasdeterminedonthebasisofthedissociationconstantofTBAandtheratiooftheligandtotherareearthioninthecomplex.Theratelaw,rateconstantsandacitivitionenergiesforthereactionofLa3+,Gd3+andHo3+withTBAwerestudied.ItisshowninthestudythatprerequisitesforperformingdifferentialrateanalysisforbinaryrareearthswithTBAarethatthepseudo-first-orderparallelreactionmechanismshouldbeconformedwith,nomultinuclearcomplexwouldbeformedandtheco-colorationeffectscouldbeneglected.

简介：TheadsorptionkineticsofPb^2+ondifferentsoilsandmineralswithvariablechargeswasstudiedbythetwoion-selectiveelectrodetechniqueatdifferentpHandconcentrations.Theresultsshowedthatmorethan95%ofadsorptiononallthesamplesoccurredduringthefirst5minutes.Alladsorptiontime-dependentdatacouldfitthesurfacesecond-orderequationverywell.ThevaluesofXmweregoethite>kaolinite,andlatosol>redsoilatthesameinitialreactionconcentration.Thevaluesofkwerekaolinite>>goethite,andlatosol>redsoilatthesamereactionpHandinitialconcentration.ThehigherthesuspensionpH,thefastertheadsorptionoccurred.ThemeaningofXmgotbythetwoion-selectiveelectrodetechnique(onekindofbatchtechnique)wasdifferentfromthatbythemiscibledisplacementtechniqueinthattheformerwasonlytheequilibriumadsorptionamountatadefiniteconcentrationandpH,butthelatterwasalmostequaltotheadsorptioncapacityatadefinitepHwithmuchlessinfluenceofconcentration.OnePb^2+wassupposedtooccupytwoadsorptionsitesastheadsorptionmechanismisconcerned.

简介：Thispaperintroducesthebasickineticandthermodynamicfactorsaffectingstep-bunchinginstabilityandderivetheone-dimensional(1D)stepmotionequationbasedadatomdiffusionequationforfurtheranalysis.Thestep-bunchinginstabilityisanalyzedfordifferentcases.