简介：ThesynthesisofcalciumformatebyCa(OH)2carbonylationwasstudiedinasemi-batchstirredtank.Thereactionmechanismwasanalyzedtheoreticallyandtherateofeachstepwascompared.Theinfluenceofreactionconditionsontheformationofcalciumformatewasinvestigated.Theresultsindicatethattherate-controllingstepisthereactionbetweendissolvedCOanddissolvedCa(OH)2,andthegaseousdiffusionresistancecanbeeliminatedwhenthestirringspeedreached1000r/min.Furthermore,thereactionkineticswasstudiedatastirringspeedof1000r/min,temperatureof423–453K,pressureof2.0–3.5MPaanddifferentinitialconcentrationsofCa(OH)2.AneffectivemethodwasproposedtomeasurethereactionrateofCO.Amathematicalmodelwasdevelopedusingthedual-filmtheory,andtheparameterswereobtainedusingregressionofexperimentaldata.Thereactionratescalculatedusingthekineticsmodelwerecomparedwithexperimentaldata.Theresultsshowthatthedeviationsarewithin±10%,provingthattheestablishedmodelisvalidandcanprovideabasisforindustrialamplification.

简介：Twokindsofrhodiumcatalystssupportedoncross-linkedstyrene-divinylbenzenecopolymerscontainingbipyridineoro-phenylenediaminehavebeenpreparedandfoundtodisplayhighactivityformethylacetatecarbonylationtoformaceticanhydride,theactivitiesareevenhigherthantheirhomogeneouscounterparts.XPSanalysiswasusedtocharacterizethesyntheticcatalysts.TheapparentactivationparametersweredeterminedtobeEα=73.3KJ/mol,ΔH^≠=66.3KJ/mol,ΔS^≠=-28.6eu.Theseparametersareveryclosetothoseinmethanolcarbonylationandimplytohaveanalogousmechanisminbothcases.

简介：有CuBr2和CdI2催化的公司的1-bromo-6-chlorohexane的Photopromotedcarbonylation在周围的条件下面被执行了。结果显示carbonylation在CuBr2的催化作用下面继续chloroesterClCH2(CH2)5COOCH3的主要产品。而且，carbonylation的活动能被基本添加剂的增加改进(NaOAc，Na3PO4或(n-C4H9)3N)。在这些添加剂之中，(n-C4H9)3N以ClCH2(CH2)5COOCH3的收益是最有效的。然而，代替BrCH2(CH2)5COOCH3的氯产品的methoxycarbonyl没面对CdI2被获得。这与monochloroalkane的carbonylation相当不同。

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简介：Carbonylationofallylhalidescatalyzedbypoly(N-vinyl-2-pyrro-lidone)anchoredpalladiumcatalystaffordsβ,r-butonicacidunderatmo-sphericpressureandatroomtemperature.Theactivityandefficiencyofthecatalystaremuchhigherthanthoseofthereportedcatalystsforthisreaction.