简介:Wehaveidentifiedseveralkeyeventsinthymocyteapoptosisoverthepastfewyears,includingarequiredroleforproteasomefunctionandtheproductionofROS.WhileweourdataestablishedthatproteasomefunctionandROSproductionarerequiredforapoptosisinthymocytes,wehadnotestablishedtheorderofeventsleadingfromtheprimaryapoptoticstimulustotheactivationofcaspases.Recently,wehavedemonstratedthatbothTcellreceptorinducedapoptosisandglucocorticoidinducedapoptosissignalthymocytestodiethroughactivationoftheproteasomeandthiseventisupstreamoftheproductionofROS.
简介:ShanghaiSantanacarshadproducedatotalof270,000carsbytheendof1993,andundergoneSKD,CKDandlocalizationstages.ThecarindustrywillsoonbecomeapillarindustryinShanghai.Duringitsdevelopment,theShanghaicarindustryhasalwaysgivenspecialattentiontolocalization,thusthelocalizationrateofcarpartsandcomponentshasincreasedyearbyyear.In1988,ShanghaiSantanacarsproduced15,000units,with13,08percentofthe
简介:Residualstressinducedduringmanufacturingofinjectionmoldedcomponentssuchaspolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)affectsthemechanicalandopticalpropertiesofthesecomponents.Theseresidualstressescanbevisualizedandquantifiedbymeasuringtheirbirefringence.Inthispaper,alowbirefringencepolariscope(LBP)isusedtomeasurethewhole-fieldresidualstressdistributionoftheseinjectionmoldedspecimens.Detailedanalyticalandexperimentalstudyisconductedtoquantifytheresidualstressmeasurementinthesematerials.Acommercialbirefringencemeasurementsystemwasusedtovalidatetheresultsobtainedtoourmeasurementsystem.Thisstudycanhelpinmaterialdiagnosisforqualityandmanufacturingpurposeandbeusefulforunderstandingofresidualstressinimagingorotherapplications.
简介:ThevanadiumspecieswerecontaminatedonFCCcatalystsbyusingtheMitchellmethod.AfterthehydrothermaldeactivationoftheFCCcatalysts,thecrackingreactionwasperformedonthesecatalystsamples.ThetestresultsrevealedthattheconversionoffeedstockandthegasolineyieldobtainedovertheFCCcatalystswithvanadiumtrappingcomponentswereobviouslyhigherthanthosewithoutadditionofvanadiumtrappingcomponents.TheresultsalsoshowedthatthedrygasandcokeselectivityontheFCCcatalystscontainingvanadiumtrappingcomponentswasimproved.TheX-Raydiffractionresultsprovedthatthezeolitecrystalstructurewaswellprotectedbythevanadiumtrappingcomponentsduringitshydrothermaldeactivationstep.TheresultsofSEM-EDXmappingdisclosedthatthevanadiumwasenrichedonthevanadiumtrappingcomponentswhichverifiedthepositivefunctionofvanadiumtrappingcomponents.
简介:ThevariabilityofmainchemicalcompositionofradialChinesefirwasstudied.Analysisofvarianceshowedthatvariancewassignificant,especiallyforholocelluloseandα-cellulose;theholocellulosecontentinheartwoodwaslowerthanthatinsapwood;thelignincontentdecreasedfromPosition1toPosition3,butincreasedgraduallyfromPosition4toPosition8;theα-cellulosecontentinheartwoodwaslowerthanthatinsapwood;andtherelativecrystallinitywas59.97%inPosition1,60.80%inPosition2,andabout42%inothers.
简介:Lightweightdesignisoneofthedevelopmenttrendsoftheautomobileindustry.AneffectivewaytoachievelightweightautobodiesistouseAHSS(advancedhighstrengthsteel)forthesafetycomponentsofautomobiles.ThisstudyhastakendoorsillreinforcementsmadeofmartensiteAHSSastheobject,andperformedresearchontheAHSSrollformingtechnologiesandprototypedevelopmentoftypicalasymmetricopencomponents.Bymeansoffiniteelementanalysis(FEA)andsimulation,studieshavebeencarriedoutonthespringbackandedgewavedefectsduringAHSSrollforming,andanoptimizedprocessdesignhasbeenachieved.Thegenerationmechanismsofverticalbows,horizontalcambers,twists,pre-punchedholedistortionandcutendflarehavebeenanalyzed,andsolutionstothesedefectshavebeengiven.Inaddition,tesingoftherollformingprocessforAHSShasbeenconductedandtypicalsampleswithrequireddimensionalaccuracyhavebeenmanufactured.Thisstudyhasprovidedtechnicalsupportforthelarge-scaleapplicationofAHSS.
简介:Thispaperadvancesanewsimplifiedformulaforestimatingvariancecomponents,sumsupthebasiclawtocalculatetheweightsofobservedvaluesandacirculationmethodusingtheincreamentsofweightswhenestimatingthevariancecomponentsoftraversenets,advancesthecharicteristicrootsmethodtoestimatethevariancecomponentsoftraveresnetsandpresentsapracticalmethodtomaketworealandsymmetricmatricestwodiagonalones.
简介:Thispaperpresentsamathematicalmodelforcomponents/partsunification(CPU)policy.Thismodelconsiderstwocomponents/partsthatarefunctionallyinterchangeablebutpurchasedfromsupplierswithdifferentpricesandqualitycharacteristics.Becauseofthebuyer'squalitypreferenceandsuppliers'discountratesforbulkypurchases,themodelassiststheprocurementmanagertodeterminehowbesttopurchasethecomponents/partstomeetitsdemandwhileminimizingthetotalacquisitioncosts.
简介:Multipaction,causedbythesecondaryelectronemissionphenomenon,hasbeenachallengeinspaceapplicationsduetotheresultingdegradationofsystemperformanceaswellasthereductionintheservicelifeofhighpowercomponents.Inthispaperwereportanovelapproachtorealizeaneffectiveincreaseinthemultipactionthresholdbyemployingmicro-poroussurfaces.Twomicro-porousstructures,i.e.,aregularmicro-porousarrayfabricatedbyphotolithographypatternprocessingandanirregularmicro-porousarrayfabricatedbyadirectchemicaletchingtechnique,areproposedforsuppressingthesecondaryelectronyield(SEY)andmultipactionincomponents,andthebenefitsarevalidatedboththeoreticallyandexperimentally.Thesesurfaceprocessingtechnologiesarecompatiblewiththemetalplatingprocess,andoffersubstantialflexibilityandaccuracyintopologydesign.Thesuppressioneffectisquantifiedforthefirsttimethroughtheproperfittingofthesurfacemorphologyandthecorrespondingsecondaryemissionproperties.Insertionlosseswhenusingthesestructuresdecreasedramaticallycomparedwithregularmillimeter-scalestructuresonhighpowerdielectricwindows.SEYtestsonsamplesshowthatthemaximumyieldofAg-platedsamplesisreducedfrom2.17to1.58fordirectlychemicaletchedsamples.MultipactiontestingofactualC-bandimpedancetransformersshowsthatthedischargethresholdsoftheprocessedcomponentsincreasefrom2100Wto5500Wforphotolithographypatternprocessingand7200Wfordirectchemicaletching,respectively.Insertionlossesincreasefrom0.13dBtoonly0.15dBforbothsurfacetreatmentsinthetransmissionband.Theexperimentalresultsagreewellwiththesimulationresults,whichoffersgreatpotentialinthequantitativeanti-multipactiondesignofhighpowermicrowavecomponentsforspaceapplications.
简介:Inthispaper,usedBSO(Bi12SiO20)crystalasahologramrecordingmaterial,TV-cameraasadetector,andaholographicsetupcontrolledbyacomputer,automaticallycalculatinghologramof3-interferogramsmethodistheoreticallyandexperimentallystudied.Thisnewholographicrecordingmaterialandautomaticallycalculatinghologrammakeitpossibletousereal-timeholographyinanindustry.Asapracticalexample,theshrinkingof2-componentsadhesivein4hismeasured.
简介:瞄准:同时决定本地化嘘在内的和鱼精朊人的精原核。方法:核心的Immunofluorescence嘘和鱼精朊和染色体16的端粒区域的荧光原位杂交在decondensed被估计人的精原核。结果:Immunofluorescent本地化嘘,鱼精朊1(PRM1)并且(PRM2)鱼精朊2在精原核与染色体16telomeric序列的荧光原位杂交本地化一起揭示了分离分布。对以后的戒指区域局部性的Histones(即精子原子体环),而PRM1和PRM2看起来在整个全部原子核被驱散。结论:人的核心精子的合作本地化嘘有染色体16的telomeric区域的与进一个少些压缩的状态的特定的非鱼精朊区域的重组一致。
简介:Thispaperstudiesthecharacteristicsoflarchbarkpyrolysisandanalyzesfactorsthataffectthepyrolysisandtheliquidpyrolyticcomponent.Theresultsareasfollows:TGcurveshowsthatthepyrolysiscanbedividedintothreeparts:dryingprocess,pyrolyticprocess,andcarbonateandcalcinatedprocess.BoththesizeofgrainandthetemperaturerisingrateaffecttheshapeofTGandDTG.Vinegarandsedimentarytararemaincomponentsofpyrolyzateproducts.GC-MSisappliedtoanalyzevinegar.Itisshownthatthevinegarisahighlycomplexcompoundwhichiscomposedofphenolanditsderivatives(45.620%),organicacid(13.851%),ketoderivatives(9.754%),aldehydicderivatives(8.573%),alcoholicderivatives(1.794%),esteranditsderivatives(0.205%).