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简介：ThewholechemicaletchingprocessonaP-typepolycrystallinesiliconsubstratewithresistivity1-2Ω·cmisdescribed.Theformationmechanismofporouspolycrystallinesilicon(PPS)microstructurewasinvestigated.ThosehowtheinitialpitswereformedandanuniformmorphologyofPPSwasobtainedareexplained.Twotypesofetchingmechanismwerecharacterizedasdefectcontrolreactionanddiffusioncontrolreaction.ThemorphologyformedaftertheisotropicacidicsolutionetchingwithdifferentetchingtimeandHF/HNO3concentrationwascomparedwiththeeffectofthesameetchingprocessafteranisotropicalkalineetching.Thestudyshowedthatthethicknessofporouspolycrystallinesiliconlayerwithchemicalacidicetchingentirelydependedontheexistenceofvarioustypesofdefects.

简介：磁控管劈啪作响被用来在micropowder表面上覆盖各种各样的金属。由使用这个方法，好粒子更好被驱散并且能因此同类地更涂。微粉末使用从烧煤的电力植物的苍蝇灰包括cenospheres(直径40200m和粒子密度0.7?汢湩?畦？

简介：Thesurfacecoatingofgrindingballswasinvestigatedexperimentally.TheresultsshowthatacoatingmayformonthesurfaceofgrindingballswhenCrorAlpowdersaresubjectedtoballgrinding.Theplasticdeformationoftheballsurfaceplaysanimportantroleduringthecoatingformation,andthestrongbindingforcebetweenthepowdersandtheballsisanecessarypre-condition.Thethicknessofcoatingincreaseswiththeplasticityofthepowdersandtheballs.Annealingtheballswithcoatingwillresultinanobviousdiffusionoftheelementsinthebondingzoneofinter-face.

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简介：Averticalantennaembeddedinearthwithconductivecoatinghasbeeninvesti-gatedbyemployingthemethodofintegralequation.ThistopicisavailabletoEM-MWD(Elec-tromagneticMeasurement-While-Drilling)system,whichisanewrealtimesystemfordrillingmeasurement.Undertheconditionthatthewavenumberoftheearthismuchlargerthanthatoftheair,acurrentintegralequationhasbeenderived.Afterthecurrentdistributionhavingbeendetermined,theelectricfieldstrengthontheearthsurfacehasbeenpredictedanditsdependencesontheoperatingfrequencyandthedepthofthewellhavebeendiscussedaswell.

简介：Vapordepositedcoatingsontostripsteelareapromisingalternativeasfunctionallayersforcorrosionprotectionorhighabrasionresistance.Conventionalcoatingsystemshavesomelimitsregardingenvironmentalcompatibility,therangeofcoatingmaterialsandapplicationproperties.Physicalvapordeposition(PVD)isanenvironment-friendlytechnologyandenablesnearlyunlimitedmaterialandprocessvariety.Electronbeamhigh-rateevaporationwithdepositionratesuptosomemicrometerspersecondisthemostproductivePVDtechnologyforlowcostcoating.Thecombinationofevaporationwithpowerfulplasmaisanefficientwaytoimprovethelayerproperties.Thedevelopedplasmasourcescanbeusedforspecialplasmaenhancedchemicalvapordeposition(PECVD)processestoo.Thepapergivesanoverviewaboutthelatestdevelopmentsinthesetechnologies.Furthermore,thepaperexplainssomeexamplesofnewlayerstacksontosteelstrips.Whileenhancedcorrosionprotectioncanbeobtainedbymagnesium,aluminiumorcoppercontainingcoatingsotherfunctionalsurfacepropertiescomemoreandmoreinthefocusofinterest.Forinstance,decorativegoldcoloredlayers,transparentscratchresistantlayers,hardcoatingsandphotocatalyticlayersweredepositedonrunningsteelstrips.Functionallayersandlayersystemsforenergysavingandsunenergyabsorptionbysolarthermaleffectsandphotovoltaicsareunderdevelopment.Thecoatingsarepreparedundertheconditionsofveryhighdepositionratesusingourin-linevacuumcoaterformetallicstripsandsheetswiththenameMAXI.Theinfluenceoftheprocessandplasmaparametersonthelayerpropertieswereinvestigatedandwillbedemonstratedforsomeapplications.

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简介：TheZrcoatingwasdepositedontitaniumsurfaceusingthemagnetronsputteringtechnique.EffectsofZrcoatingonmicrostructureandmechanicalpropertiesofporcelainfiredtotitaniumhavebeeninvestigated.Theresultsshowthatinterdiffusionofelementsoccursduringporcelainfiring,andtheZrcoatingcaneffectivelyprotecttitaniumsurfacefromexcessoxidation.ThestrengthofbondzonewithZrcoatingdepositedfor1hourreaches29.7MPa,whichhasincreasedby26.4%ascomparedwiththatofbondzonewithoutcoating(23.5MPa).

简介：Inelectroplatinglines,manyconductorrollsareinstalledinelectroplatingbath.Typicalelectroplatingsaretinplating(ETL)andzincplating(EGL),andfromrequiredproductqualities,averticalcellfortheformerandahorizontalcellforthelatterisoftenused.Generally,chromeplatingorWCcermetthermalspraycoatingisappliedtostainlesssteelconductorrollinETLforprolongingservicelifebyimprovementofwearresistanceandcorrosionresistance.Ontheotherhand,HastelloytypealloysubstrateisusedforconductorrollsinEGLduetoseverecorrosionenvironmentofelectroplatingsolution.Thermalspraycoatingiseffectiveforreducingwear,buttherearemanycaseswherethecoatingcannotcompleteexpectedservicelifewhencorrosionbecomesanissue.Inthisstudy,thermalspraycoatingforETLconductorrollanddevelopmentofthecoatingforEGLconductorrolltomeetexpectedservicelifearedescribed.

简介：Polymercoatedquartzcrystalmicrobalance(QCM)sensorbasedonthefrequencyshiftsduetotheadsorptionofcompoundsatthesurfaceofmodifiedquartzcrystalelectrodeisaneffectivemethodfordetectionofsarin(GB)whichisahighlytoxicnervewarfareagent.Anewfluorosiloxanepolymerhasbeensynthesizedthrough6stepsfromtrifluoromethylbenzene.Thesynthesiswasachievedfromtrifluoromethylbenzenethroughnitration,hydrogenation.Theobtainedm-nitrotrifluoromethylanilinewastreatedwithNaNO2,andthenhydrolyzedtom-nitrotrifluoromethylphenol.m-nitrotrifluoromethylphenolwasreactedwithallylbromidetotheetherproduct.TheproductwasrearrangedbyClaisenrearrangement,andthenreactedwithpolymethylhydrosiloxaneundercatalystofPt/DVTMS.Thefluorosiloxanepolymercanbeobtained.ThepolymerhasbeensuccessfullyusedasQCMcoatingmaterial.

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简介：Sprayingtestwereconductedtwicebeforesteelslabswereputintothefurnaceandtheeffectsoftheoxidationresistancecoatingwereinvestigatedandverified.Bycomparingthechangeofslabweight,rollingforceoftheroughingmill&finishingmill,thicknessofoxidefilmonthesurfaceslabsbyanXL-30SEMandacidpicklingspeedofslabswithandwithoutcoating,itwasfoundthattheoxidizationwasteinthefurnacedecreasedby40percentwiththeuseofthecoatingandthecorrespondingyieldcapacitycouldincreaseby0.2percentatleast.Besides,thethicknessofoxidescalefilmonhotrolledproductswasreducedby1.44micrometersandtheacidpicklingtimewasshortenedby6swiththecoatingtechnology,whilethetotalrollingforceofRM&FMdidnotchanged.Furthermore,theapplicationprospectofthistechnologywasalsodiscussedinthispaper.

简介：Samplesofthecrosssectionmicrostructuresofgalvannealedsteelsheetsthatlackalloyingwereanalyzed.X-raydiffraction(XRD)testswerecarriedout.Thestudydiscoversthatthedeficitofalloyingwashigheronbothsidesofthesteelsheetwhencomparedtothecenterandthethicknessofthecoatingonthesideswasalsohigherthanthecenter.TheresultsoftheXRDtestsdemonstratethatthemicrostructureofthecoatingwithalackofalloyismainlycomposedofzinc,ζandδ.Theyalsoindicatethatthelackofalloyingismainlyduetoalowergalvannealingtemperatureandthickercoating.Itisshownbytheopticalmicrographsofcoatingthattheδphaseformsfirstinadiscontinuousmannerattheinterfaceandthenrapidlypushestowardsthecoatingandenlarges.

简介：TheSENforthinslabcon-castingiseasytobreakanddamagebecauseoftheoxidationduringpreheatingandapplication.TheenamelcoatingmaterialisgenerallyappliedonthesurfaceofSENtoavoidtheoxidation.Thecoatingmaterialwithbornglassandsiliconasmainstartingmaterialsandsilicasolasbinderwasstudied.ZrO2-CandAl2O3-Cmaterialscontaining15%carbonwereisostaticpressed,andheatedat600℃,900℃,1200℃,1500℃for2h,respectively.Theresultsshowthatthecoatingmaterialwith70%ofboronglassand30%ofsiliconbondedbysilicasolcanformdenserprotectionlayerintheabovementionedmaterialsattherangeof600-1500℃.Theoxidationarearatioandweightlossratiowiththecoatingaremuchlowerthanthosewithoutthecoating.

简介：Themechanicalpropertiesofplasma-sprayedthermalbarriercoating(TBC)playavitalroleingoverningtheirlifetimeandperformance.ThisworkinvestigatedthemicrostructuralandmechanicalpropertiesofTBCwithhightemperaturetreatmentat1400℃byscanningelectronmicroscopyandindentation.WecalculatedelasticmodulusandhardnessthroughtheapplicationofWeibullstatisticsanalysis.Theresultsindicatethatthemicrostructureofceramiccoatingwillchangecontinuouslyathightemperature,andaccordinglytheporositydecreasesduetothegraingrowthsandcrackcloses.Inaddition,theelasticmodulusandhardnessnonlinearlygoupwiththeheattreatmenttimeandgodownwithincreasingporosity.ThisdemonstratesthatthemicrostructuralevolutionandporosityofTBCarecausedbyhightemperaturetreatment,andasaresultitsmechanicalpropertiesareinfluenced.

简介：Approximately70%oftheappliedureafertilizermaybelostintotheenvironment.Thislossisduetoleaching,decompositionandammoniumvolatilizationinsoil,waterandair.Throughcoating,theslowreleasetechnologycanbeusedtoreducelossesandtoincreasethefertilizerefficiency.Sulfurhasbeenusedasacoatingmaterial,butthecoatingcrackseasilybecauseofitsfriability,sometimesbeingpeeledofffromtheureasurface.Inthisstudy,fourtypesofmaterials,namely,gypsum,cement,sulfurandzeolite,weremixedandusedascoatingmaterialstosearchforthemosteffectiveandcheapcoatingmaterials.Theprimaryreasonsforselectingthesematerialswereimprovingfruitqualityandpreventingplantdiseases,providingaplantnutrient,increasingsoilfertilityandwaterretention.Thematerialswerealsoselectedbasedontheiravailability,processiblityandprice.Theeffectsofthecoatingmaterials,thickness,dryingtime,sievingandsealantonthecrushingstrengthanddissolutionrateofureawereinvestigated.Coatedureawiththesameproportionofgypsum-sulfurexhibitedhighcrushingstrengthandlowerdissolutionrate.However,theperformancewasfurtherenhancedbyapplyingmoltenparaffinwaxonthehotureasurface.SEMimagesdemonstratedthatthemicro-structureofgypsum-sulfurcoatedureaaftersievingresultedinasmoothercoatedlayer.Theefficiencyofthecoatedureawasimprovedby26%usinggypsum-sulfur(20%totalcoating),3%paraffinwaxandsievingthecoatingmaterialsbeforeapplication.

简介：OnthebaseofMgO-CaOcoatingmaterialTD-CA12fortundish,anewTD-CA32withhighCaOcontentwasdeveloped,ItsCaOcontentis30%-36%andMgOcontentis45%-55%,TheapplicationresultinBaosteelshowsthatTD-CA32notonlyhasthesamepropertiesasTD-CA12butalaohastheimprovedpropertiesofdisintegrationandsteelpurifing.