简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.
简介:日益增长的白内障盲表明目前白内障手术数量还远远低于清除白内障积存数及服务新发病人的要求。经济状况越好,文化程度越高,对视力的要求也会越强烈,病人也会更早地要求实施白内障手术。老年人口的增加也会使得白内障手术的需求成倍增加。即使在印度,白内障手术率(CSR)高达每百万人口3250例,白内障手术率仍然需要提高2-3倍,才能有效地解决白内障盲的问题。在很多国家,白内障手术率甚至要提高10倍才能解决问题。增加白内障手术服务本身就是一个极大的挑战。同样具有挑战的是保证服务的质量。这需要不断增加的资源(扩充容量)及最大限度地使用现有资源(提高效率)。本文中讨论在现有服务制度下,如何扩充容量,提高效率,这正是很多地方所需要的。
简介:AIM:TopresenttheresultsofimplantationofIakymenkokeratoprosthesisinfivepatientswithvascularizedcornealleukomacausedbysevereocularinjury.·METHODS:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesiswasimplantedinto5eyesof5patients:4patientsweresufferedfromchemicalburnsand1patientfromexplosiveinjury.Thepreoperativevisualacuityrangedfromlightperceptiontohandmotion.Theimplantationsurgerywascomposedoftwo-stageprocedures.Thefollow-upperiodwasfrom9monthsto11years.Theoutcomemeasureswerevisualacuity,retention,andcomplicationsofthekeratoprosthesis.·RESULTS:Visionimprovementswereachievedinmostpatients.Allkeratoprosthesiswereretainedwithinthefollow-upperiod.Cornealmeltingoccurredinonepatientandfibrousclosureinanotherpatient,bothofwhichweresuccessfullytreated.Retinaldetachmentoccurredinonepatientaftersurgery.·CONCLUSION:Iakymenkokeratoprosthesisseemstobeapromisingalternativeforthepatientswithseverecornealinjury,butfurtherinvestigationisneededtoevaluatetheroleofIakymenkokeratoprosthesis.
简介:AIM:Tofindasimplemathematicalcorrelationbetweenthelensbasecurve(BC)andkeratometryfindings(krf).METHODS:Thisretrospectivestudyincluded400keratoconiceyes(350patients)previouslyfitwithrigidcontactlensesatanacademiceyecenteroverafiveyearperiod.Thepatientswereclassifiedintofivegroupsbasedonthekeratometryfindings(krf<7,krf:7-8,krf>8,krf-krs(differencebetweentwokeratometry;flatandsteep)=0.3-0.6,krf-krs>0.6mmasgroups1to5,respectively.MultivariatelinearregressionandMunro’scorrelationcoefficientwereemployedtodefertheformulas.RESULTS:Alinearcorrelationcouldbefoundinallgroupsexceptforpatientsingroup3.Forgroup1,BC=0.211×krf+5.904.Forgroup2,BC=0.456×krf+4.160.Forgroup4,BC=0.321×krf+5.219.Forgroup5,BC=0.337×krf+5.090.CONCLUSION:ThedevelopmentofnewformulasforRGPfittingenablesophthalmologiststoworkwithconfidenceandpreventsunnecessaryandfrequentlenstrials.Thecustomarylensfittingmethodsareneededtobereplacedbynewformulas,whichhelptosavetimeandcosts.
简介:目的分析老年人视力损害的眼病病因及心理影响。方法收集眼科门诊60岁以上老人850例,分三组:60-69岁,70-79岁,≥80岁。检查视力、眼科仪器检查、评估心理状况,对数据进行统计分析。结果各视力级别的总比例:≥5.0(5.46%),较好视力4.5-4.9(60.62%),低视力4.0-4.4(24.34%),盲〈4.0(9.58%)。在年龄组间随年龄增高,较好视力的比例下降(66.45%,57.11%,38.23%),低视力(25.33%,35.54%,47.27%)和盲(5.12%,7.24%,14.50%)的比率升高,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。随视力级别下降,心理状况水平优的人数比例而降低(90.13%,82.31%,34.24%,2.10%),状况水平差的比例而升高(1.73%,5.46%,45.35%,85.44%),差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。低视力和盲的主要眼病构成比:白内障52.33%,屈光不正20.11%,老年性黄斑变性14.32%,糖尿病视网膜病变7.02%,眼底静脉阻塞3.10%。结论老年人视力损害眼病前五位是白内障,屈光不正,老年性黄斑变性,糖尿病视网膜病变,眼底静脉阻塞。老年人低视力和盲的比例高,视力损害者不良心理状况比例高,视力损害对老年人心理状况的影响值得重视。
简介:目的:探讨中老年屈光异常性视疲劳与干眼症的联系,以及戴镜屈光矫正对干眼症治疗疗效的影响。方法:按照统一标准,门诊随机调查视疲劳的患者,分析其中屈光不正性视疲劳的患病率。在视疲劳的患者中调查干眼症的发生情况,分析屈光不正性视疲劳与干眼症的联系。再把干眼症合并屈光异常性视疲劳患者随机分为戴镜治疗、药物治疗和对照组,治疗3mo,观察干眼症的治疗效果。结果:40岁以上视疲劳的患者中因屈光不正而引起的占42.0%。屈光不正性视疲劳与干眼症存在显著联系(P〈0.05)。随访3mo,戴镜治疗组干眼症状好转明显高于药物治疗组(P〈0.05)。结论:中老年屈光异常性视疲劳与干眼症存在紧密联系,戴镜矫正治疗屈光异常性视疲劳可以明显改善干眼症状。
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheeffectsandsafetyofphacoemu-lsification(Phaco)orsmall-incisionextracapsularcataractsurgery(SICS)andintraocularlens(IOL)implantationforagedpatients.METHODS:Totally137agedpatients(149eyes)underwentcataractoperationinthecaseofstablesystemiccondition,thebloodpressurelessthan160/95mmHg,bloodglucoselessthan8mmol/L,andunderthehelpofelectrocardiogramsurveillancebyanesthesiologistsduringtheoperation.106agedpatients(114eyes)underwentPhacowhile31agedpatients(35eyes)underwentSICS.Thepostoperativevisualacuity,cornealendothelialcellloss,surgerytimeandmajorcomplicationswereobservedandanalyzedretrospectively.RESULTS:Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)of≥0.6wasachievedin135eyes(92.6%)at1monthpostoperatively(χ2=259.730,P<0.001).Foragedpatients,bothPhacoandSICScouldsignificantlyimprovevisualacuitywithnosignificantdifference(χ2=4.535,P>0.05).Postoperativecornealendothelialcelllosswas18.6%,inPHACOgroup,theratewas18.5%;inSICSgroup,theratewas19.0%,thedifferenceofwhichwasnosignificant(χ2=0.102,P>0.05).Thesurgerytimewasdifferentintwogroups.Noseverecomplicationsoccurred.CONCLUSION:BothPhacoandSICScombinedwithIOLimplantationforagedpatientsareeffectiveandsafe.Beforesurgery,detailedphysicalexaminationshouldbeperformed.Whenthesystemicconditionisstable,cataractsurgeryforagedpatientsissafe.
简介:目的:分析眼部黑色素瘤临床和病理学特点,以利于早期正确诊断和治疗。方法:回顾性系列病例研究。收集我院2001-08/2011-08门诊及住院眼部黑色素瘤24例,复习患者的临床和病理资料,所有病例采用常规石蜡切片、HE染色,部分病例常规诊断困难的加做S-100蛋白和HMB-45免疫组织化学染色。Excel建立数据库,应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:患者24例均为单眼发病,男13例,女11例;左眼14例,右眼10例;3例眼睑恶性黑色素瘤,6例原发性结膜黑色素瘤;15例葡萄膜黑色素瘤。结论:黑色素瘤组织病理学变化多样,多数病例常规病理确诊,免疫组织化学对黑色素瘤诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值。
简介:目的:测量白内障患者眼球生物学参数及构成比。方法:广东茂名1097例患者术前均检测眼压、眼轴、角膜曲率、角膜曲率半径、前房深度、晶状体厚度、玻璃体腔深度和记录晶状体混浊情况,应用SPSS15.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果:白内障患者主要由60岁以上老人组成(90.88%),随着年龄增长,前房深度逐渐减小,垂直方向的角膜曲率变小,垂直方向的角膜曲率半径则变大,而眼轴则无明显改变;女性垂直和水平角膜曲率均大于男性,相应的角膜曲率半径则均小于男性;女性跟轴较男性短;女性晶状体厚度较男性小;女性玻璃体腔深度也较男性小;左眼的前房深度较右眼大。结论:广东茂名白内障患者主要由60岁以上患者组成,眼球参数随性别、年龄及眼别不同发生变化。
简介:目的调查视网膜母细胞瘤(retinoblastoma,RB)患儿家长的心理健康状况。方法采用国际通用的焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表对121名患儿家长进行问卷调查,以国内常模作为对照。采用SAS8.0统计软件对数据进行t检验和方差分析。结果RB患儿家长的焦虑标准分(53.80±10.42)和抑郁标准分(58.90±10.89)均高于国内常模(P均〈0.0001)。双眼RB患儿家长的焦虑标准分(58.19±10.57)和抑郁标准分(62.46±11.84)明显高于单眼RB组(焦虑和抑郁值分别为51.73±9.77,57.22±10.09,P值分别为0.0083,0.0423)。患儿所处的治疗阶段不同,家长文化程度不同,家庭经济状况不同,家长的焦虑和抑郁程度也不同。结论RB患儿家长的焦虑、抑郁水平明显高于国内正常人群,提示对RB患儿家长进行心理疏导的必要性。
简介:AIM:ToevaluatethecornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphologyinChinesepatientswithpseudoexfoliationsyndrome(PEX).·METHODS:Medicalrecordsof16patients(20eyes)withPEXwhopresentedtoourinstitutionbetweenJuly2008andJune2010wereretrospectivelyreviewed.Thirteeneyeshadcombinedglaucoma.Theinformationoffiveapparentlynormalfelloweyesinthesepatientswasalsorecorded.Lefteyesof20patientswithbilateralsenilecataractsbutnoothereyediseasewereincludedascontrols.Specularmicroscopywasperformedinalleyestoanalyzeforcornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphology.Celldensity,coefficientofvariationincellsize,andpercentageofhexagonalcellsincornealendotheliumwereevaluated.·RESULTS:ThemeancornealendothelialcelldensityinthePEXeyeswas2298±239cells/mm2,significantlylowerthanthatinthecataracteyes(2652±18cells/mm2,P=0.026),buttherewerenosignificantdifferencesincoefficientofvariationofcellsizeandfrequencyofhexagonalitybetweenthesetwogroups.NosignificantdifferencesinthethreeparameterswerefoundbetweentheapparentlynormalfelloweyesandthePEXeyesorthecataracteyes,orbetweenthePEXeyeswithandwithoutglaucoma.·CONCLUSION:CornealendothelialcelldensitymaydecreaseinChinesepatientswithPEX.ThedevelopmentofglaucomainPEXeyesdoesnotseemtoberelatedwiththechangeincornealendothelialcelldensityormorphology.
简介:目的:研究老年黄斑变性的光学相干断层扫描(opticalcoherencetomography,OCT)特征。方法:对经眼底荧光造影(fundusfluoresceinangiography,FFA)确诊的老年黄斑变性患者43例45眼,其中湿性型28例30眼、干性型15例15眼,按年龄匹配的正常人30例43眼利用OCT分别进行检测。观察黄斑部神经纤维层(nervefiberlayerofmacular,MNFL)、色素上皮/脉络膜毛细血管复合层(retinalpigmentepithelium/choriocapillaris,RPE/CC)及视网膜神经上皮层(retinalneurepitheliumlayer,RNE)的厚度变化。应用秩和检验比较其差异性。结果:MNFL厚度:湿性型老年黄斑变性组为76.5±51.7μm、干性型老年黄斑变性组为32.5±7.6μm、正常对照组为27.7±6.4μm,湿性型组与其他组比较差异有显著性(P〈0.05)。RNE厚度:湿性型老年黄斑变性组为307.1±130.8μm、正常对照组为239.9±13.4μm、干性型老年黄斑变性组为223.4±22.6μm,湿性型组与其他组比较差异有显著性(P〈0.05)。RPE/CC厚度:湿性型老年黄斑变性组为115.3±30.6μm、干性型老年黄斑变性组为81.7±20.4μm、正常对照组为76.4±11.5μm,湿性型组与其他组比较差异有显著性(P〈0.05)。结论:黄斑部神经纤维层厚度、视网膜神经上皮层厚度及色素上皮/脉络膜毛细血管复合层厚度随着老年黄斑变性病程的发展,其厚度增加。OCT可以作为湿性型老年黄斑变性发生与发展的监测工具之一。