简介：目的总结2例新生儿动脉导管支架植入术的护理经验.方法完善术前检查,用药护理,生命体征的观察,血氧饱和度的监测,尽早采取介入手术方法.术后密切监测生命体征,伤口渗血情况,尿色,足背动脉搏动情况,肢温情况,及时发现并处理并发症.结果病例1术后2个月院外死亡,考虑死亡原因为动脉导管支架再狭窄后的低氧血症.病例2半年后顺利进行2期外科手术.结论术后密切监测生命体征的变化,特别是血氧饱和度,及时发现并处理并发症是新生儿动脉导管支架植入术护理的关键.

简介：动脉粥样硬化（AS）是一种炎症性疾病，脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2（lipoprotein-associatedphospholipaseA2，Lp-PLA2）是心血管疾病中一种新的炎症酶，能水解氧化低密度脂蛋白（LDL），产生溶血磷脂酰胆碱（lysophosphatidyl-choline，Lyso-PC）和氧化型游离脂肪酸（oxidizedfreefat-tyacids，ox-FA），促进动脉粥样硬化的形成和发展，其与临床疾病的关系日益受到关注。

简介：摘要目的探究对2型糖尿病患者实施延续护理的临床效果。方法将64例2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象，并随机将其分为对照组和观察组，给予对照组常规门诊护理，观察组在对照组基础上加用延续护理，对两组患者护理后的依从性进行评估。结果观察组32例患者饮食控制、运动疗法、饮食控制、自我检测状况明显要比对照组患者高，对比差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对2型糖尿病患者采用延续护理，能够明显提高病人的治疗依从性，提高患者的生活质量，在临床上值得大力推广。

简介：ObjectivesToevaluateantihypertensiveefficiencyandsafetyofanewdomesticofL-&N-typeCa^2+antagonist-eilnidipinewithimidaprilasapositivecontrol.MethodsAfter2weeks'placebowashingout,22patientsweretreatedwitheilnidipine5mgdailyand27patientsweretreatedwithimidapril5mgdaily.4weekslater,ifpatient'ssittingdiastolicbloodpressureisover90mmHg,his/herdosagewasdoubledforanother4weeks,theothersmeasuringupremainedtheirdosageunchangedforanother4weeks.Bloodpressure,heartrate,bloodandurineroutineexamination,serumglucose,serumchemicalexaminationincludingtotalcholesterol,triglyceride,HDL,LDL,transaminase,creatineetcandsidereactionswererecordedbeforeandafterthetrial.Datawereanalyzedstatistically.ResultsAfter8weeks'treatment,bloodpressurewassignificantlydecreased(P<0.05)inbothgroups,andthetwomedicineshadsimilarantihypertensiveeffects.Furthermore,thereducingofheartratewasstatisticallysignificantcomparedwithbaseline(P<0.01)inthecilnidipinegroup,butnotintheimidaprilgroup.Thenegativechronotropiceffectofcilnidipinehadlittleeffectoncontinuingthetherapy.Therewerenochangesonbloodandurineroutineexaminationandserumlipid,serumglucose,creatine,transaminaseandetcinbothgroups.Theirsidereactionsweremildandwell-tolerated.ConclusionsCilnidipinehasacon-vincingantihypertensiveeffectsimilartothatofimi-dapril.Especiallycilnidipinemaybeadministeredtopatientswithrelativelymildtachycardia.

简介：BackgroundAldosteroneblockerscouldreducetheincidenceofventriculararrhythmiasinmyocardialinfarction(MI)patientsbyregulatinghyperpolarization-activatedcyclicnucleotide-gatedchannel(HCN)expression.ButthemechanismunderlingHCNexpressionisunclear.MethodsEighteenratssurviving24hourspostMIwererandomlydividedinto3groups:MI,spironolactone,andspironolactone+antagomir-133(miRNA-133suppression).Shamgroupratshadasuturelooselytiedaroundtheleftcoronaryartery,withoutligation.HCN2andHCN4proteinandmRNAlevel,andmiRNA-133levelintheborderzoneofpost-MI1weekmyocardiumweremeasured.ResultsSpironolactonesignificantlyincreasedmiRNA-133levelsanddown-regulatedHCN2andHCN4atbothmRNAandproteinlevelsinpost-MIborderzonemyocardium.Antagomir-133reducedtheeffectsofspironolactoneonHCN2andHCN4proteinlevels.ConclusionsTheresultssuggestthatmiRNA-133isinvolvedinspironolactoneinducedHCNexpression,andpartiallycontributedtopost-MIventriculararrhythmias.

简介：目的观察胰岛素增敏剂文迪雅对老年2型糖尿病病人的疗效和安全性.方法选择血糖控制不佳,胰岛素水平高的老年2型糖尿病病人30例,用文迪雅片4mgqd治疗12周,观察治疗前后血糖及胰岛素的变化.结果治疗后FBG、PBG、GHbAlC、TG下降,与治疗前比较,具有显著性差异(P＜0.05),能显著降低FINS、PINS水平(P＜0.001),明显改善外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性,治疗后IAI增加,IRI降低,与治疗前比较具有显著性差异(P＜0.001),副作用主要为双下肢浮肿和低血糖反应,无肝肾功能损害及胃肠道反应.结论文迪雅降糖效果确切,能降低2型糖尿病病人空腹及餐后2小时血糖,改善外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性,副反应轻微,未见肝肾损害,在老年糖尿病病人中使用具有良好的疗效及安全性.

简介：我院自1996年7月～1998年12月共作冠脉搭桥术160例，术后病人均带气管插管返回监护病房(ICU)。其中6例病人常规拔除气管插管后，因某种原因行第2次气管插管，呼吸机辅助呼吸，占冠脉搭桥术病人的2．5％。现将第2次插管原因讨论如下。

简介：ObjectivesToexamineinvivointeractionsbetweenangiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)AT1areceptor(AT1aR),angiotensin-convertingenzymes(ACE)andACE2usingsmallhairpinRNA(shRNA)gene-silencingmethodsinmicebrainstemnucleustractussolitarius(NTS).MethodsC57BLmice(n=8)wereusedasanimalmodel.MethodofmicroinjectioninthenucleusofNTSwasadopted.Aftertendays,micewerekilledandtheirbraintissuewerefixedandsectioned.TheexpressionlevelsofAT1aR,ACEandACE2mRNAatbothsidesofNTSwereexaminedbyinsituhybridization.Basedoncomparedt-test,thechangingformRNAexpressionwasexamined.ResultsAftertheexpressionofAT1aRmRNAwassignificantlyinhibited(61.6%±6.8%)byAT1aR-shRNA,itwasassociatedwithdecreasesinACE2mRNAexpressionfrom(1.05±0.12)μCi/mgto(0.74±0.09)μCi/mg(29.0%±14.5%,P<0.01)onthesamesideofthebrainstem.ACEmRNAexpressionwasconsistentatbothsides(0.50μCi/mg±0.09μCi/mgand0.53μCi/mg±0.08μCi/mg),withinsignificantdifference(P>0.05).ConclusionsThegenesilencingresultshowedthattherewereinteractionsbetweenbrainstemAT1aRandACE2.ACEmRNAexpressionwasnotalteredbyRNAinterferencetreatmentatAT1aR.

简介：患者男性,79岁.因"全身软困乏力1W"门诊以"冠心病"收入心内科.体检:T36.0℃,R20次/min,P50次/min,BP142/62mmHg,神志清楚,精神欠佳,双肺呼吸音清,双肺未闻及干湿罗音,叩诊心界不大,心率50次/min,律齐,心尖部可闻及2/6级收缩期吹风样杂音.

简介：目的以葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）为金标准评价糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）≥6.5%对于诊断2型糖尿病的可行性。方法对788名无糖尿病史的糖尿病高危患者,行口服75g葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）,同时检测HbA1c。通过绘制受试者工作特征曲线（ROC曲线）,分析HbA1c诊断糖尿病的敏感性和特异性。结果OGTT试验达到诊断糖尿病标准者423例,检出率为54%;而HbA1c≥6.5%者362例（46%）。ROC曲线最佳切点6.35%,此时灵敏度为0.80,特异度0.89。HbA1c≥6.5%时,灵敏度为0.74,特异度0.93,阳性预测值（＋PV）93%、阴性预测值（-PV）77%。Kappa检验显示HbA1c≥6.5%与OGTT标准的诊断结果一致性好（Kappa系数为0.68,P〈0.01）。若增加HbA1c≥6.5%这一指标,糖尿病的检出率可增加至57%。结论HbA1c≥6.5%具有很好的敏感性和特异性,可提高2型糖尿病的检出率。

简介：目的探讨2型糖尿病合并高血压者心律失常特点。方法对86例（A组）2型糖尿病合并高血压者和150例（B组）2型糖尿病无高血压者的动态心电图（DCG）心律失常结果进行对比分析。结果A组以频发室性期前收缩（占24．42％）多见，传导阻滞（22．09％）次之，短阵房性心动过速（10．47％）及心房扑动与心房颤动（8．14％）的发生率较B组明显增高。结论A组患者易发生各种类型心律失常，定期行心电图及DCG检查，对检出心律失常及预防并发症的发生具有重要临床意义。

简介：下肢深静脉血栓形成较为常见，尤其高发于血液高凝状态，各种原因所致肢体活动减少，下肢血流缓慢及有不同程度血管壁损伤的老年患者。多见于手术后、外伤、妊娠等。冠心病介入治疗后并发下肢深静脉血栓形成少见，现报告如下。

简介：前壁心肌梗死患者中前降支多数完全闭塞,此时对角支对于患者心功能维护非常重要,冠状动脉支架植入术中若引起对角支狭窄或闭塞,可引起患者病情加重,甚至死亡,因此对于对角支的保护非常重要。1病例资料病例1：患者男性,51岁,主因＂突发胸痛伴双上肢酸胀感3h＂入院,诊断为冠心病、急性广泛前壁心肌梗死。冠状动脉造影示：前降支近中段可见70%~90%弥漫狭窄,第一对角支开口至近段可见80%弥漫狭窄;

简介：目的探讨血管生成素样蛋白2（ANGPTL2）与急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）患者梗死相关动脉自溶再通的关系.方法选取上游使用替罗非班的STEMI患者88例,根据冠脉造影结果分为自溶再通组43例和未自溶再通组45例（对照组）.收集其外周静脉血,通过酶联免疫吸附法检测血浆ANGPTL2浓度,同时提取患者血小板蛋白,利用WesternBlot检测ANGPTL2在血小板上的表达情况.结果STEMI自溶再通组患者外周血血浆中ANGPTL2浓度显著高于未自溶再通组[（37.13±19.49）ng/ml比（26.97±16.91）ng/ml,P=0.011],ANGPTL2在STEMI自溶再通组患者血小板上的表达显著高于未自溶再通组（P＜0.05）.结论ANGPTL2与STEMI梗死相关动脉自溶再通呈正相关.

简介：BackgroundIncreasedplasmalevelofLp-PLA2isapotentialriskfactorforatherosclerosis.Nevertheless,whetherLp-PLA2haseffectsonbothvascularfunctionandstructurechangesisstillunclear.MethodOnehundredandeighty-sixoutpatientsubjectswithoutovertcardiovasculardiseasewereenrolledandanthropometricdata,plasmalevelofLp-PLA2andotherrelatedlaboratoryparameterswerecollected.Measurementsofpulsewavevelocity(PWV)andcarotidintima-mediathickness(CIMT)wereperformedbyanexperiencedinvestigator.AccordingtoplasmalevelofLp-PLA2,allthesubjectsweredividedintotwogroupsasfollows:<200ng/mL(n=96)and≥200ng/mL(n=90).ResultBodymassindex,smoking,diabeticmellitus,systolicbloodpressure,andLDL-ClevelwerepositivecorrelationwithplasmalevelofLp-PLA2,whileuseofstatinswasnegativelycorrelative.BothPWVandCIMTpositivelycorrelatedwithsmoking,systolicbloodpressure,LDL-ClevelandplasmalevelofLp-PLA2,whilenegativelycorrelatedwithHDL-Clevelandusageofstatins.CIMTinthegroupwithplasmalevelofLp-PLA2<200ng/mL(0.9±0.2mm,n=96)wassignificantlylessthanthatwithplasmalevelofLp-PLA2≥200ng/mL(1.2±0.4mm,n=90,P=0.32),andsimilarfindingwasalsoobservedinPWV(9.1±0.5m/svs12.7±0.4m/s,P=0.38).ConclusionOurpresentstudyshowsthatinsubjectswithoutovertCVD,increasedplasmalevelofLp-PLA2isassociatedwithvascularfunction(PWV)andstructure(CIMT)deterioration.

简介：患者男，49岁。患冠心病3年，于2000年8月25日来门诊检查。图示Ⅱ导联，P波按序出现，可见3种P波外形。一窦P：有P1～3、8、9，宽0.11s，稍有切迹，高度正常，前峰稍高于后峰，峰距＜0.04s。P-P0.70～0.74s(86～91次／min)。P-R间期0.14s，QRS呈qR型，宽度正常，伴ST段压低。②异位P′：有P′4、5、10，双峰明显，峰距达0.04s，P′4提前出现，联律时间……

简介：例1患者女,51岁,有频发室早史,因近来反复发作胸闷、心悸、头晕就诊.查心电图(图1)示:P波在宽大QRS波前的位置不固定,即PR间期不等,QRS波起始部无粗钝,与相邻正常波PP间期不等于两者的JJ间期,为典型舒张晚期室早.

简介：BackgroundEssentialhypertension(EH)isconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantriskfactorofischemicstroke.Studiesaboutriskfactorsinthepatientsaremeaningfulinearlyforecastandeffectivepreventionoftheonsetofstroke.Renin-angiotensin-aldosteronesystemplaysanimportantroleintheregulationofbloodpressureandthedevelopmentofstroke,whilerecentstudieshavefoundthattheangiotensin-convertingenzyme2(ACE2)maybeareversalagentforthedevelopmentandprogressionofischemicstroke.MethodsTheACE2genewasmeasuredin139EHpatientswithischemicstrokeusingpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andrestrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphism(PCR-RFLP)tests.Detailedandcompleteclinicalandbiochemicaldatawerecollected,includingpulsepressure,hsCRP,IMT,HDL-Canduricacidlevels.Studythecorrelationbetweenangiotensin-convertingenzyme2geneandtheriskfactorforonsetofischemicstrokeinEHpatients.ResultsPulsepressure,hsCRP,IMTanduricacidlevelshadapositivecorrelationwithon-setofischemicstrokeinEHpatients.Amongmalepatients,pulsepressure,hsCRP,IMTandHDL-CwerehigherinpatientscarryingAallelethanBallele(P<0.05).Whilethesefactorsweredifferentinfemalepa-tientscarryingdifferentgenotypesinwhichAAallelewerehighest.Patientswithvariousgenotypesshoweddifferenturicacidlevelsbutshowednosignificantdifference.ConclusionAmongEHpatientswithcomplicatedischemicstroke,thosecarryingtheA/AAalleleshowhighlevelofriskfactorsandislikelytohavethesusceptibilityofrecurrenceofstroke.

简介：例1患者男性，42岁。临床诊断：非对称性肥厚性心肌病。查心电图示：除V2导联S波增深达3．5mV以外，其余未见异常。查超声心动图示：心脏各房室腔径正常，房室间隔连续完整，室间隔心肌明显增厚，最厚处约1．8cm，增厚的心肌成毛玻璃样改变，动度减低。超声诊断：非对称性肥厚性心肌病。

简介：BackgroundAngiotensinⅡtype1receptor(ATR1)/AngiotensinⅡtype2receptor(ATR2)usuallyinteractwitheachotherintheirexpressionandphysiologicalfunctions,andnitricoxide(NO)isalwaysinvolvedinATR1/ATR2regulationinvivo.Endothelialcellsplayacrucialroleinthemaintenanceofvascularfunctionandinthepreventionofcardiovasculardiseases.ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectsofangiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)andATR1blockervalsartanonATR1,ATR2expressionandtheirrelationwithendothelialnitricoxidesynthase(eNOS)expression,andNOproductioninculturedvascularendothelialcells.MethodsHumanumbilicalveinendothelialcellline(HUVEC)andbovineaorticendothelialcell(BAEC)wereused.BAECwereisolatedfromaortaofnewborncalfbyenzymedigestionandcellsof3-5passageswereused.Cellswereincubatedwithvehicle,AngⅡ,valsartan,orAngⅡplusvalsartanrespectivelyforvariousperiods.ATR1,ATR2,eNOSexpressionandNOproductionweredetected.ResultsIncubationwithAngⅡorvalsartanapparentlydownregulatedATR1mRNAandproteinexpressioninvascularendothelialcells,andthecombinationeffectofthetwodrugsweremoreapparent.AngⅡshowedatransientslightlypromotiveeffectoneNOSandNOgenerationinBAECandanapparentlyinhibitoryeffectwithprolongedincubation,whilevalsartancanapparentlyreversethoseeffects.ConclusionsBothAngⅡandvalsartandownregulatedtheexpressionofATR1invascularendothelialcells.Thesynergisticeffectofthetwodrugswasmoreapparent.ProlongedincubationwithAngⅡcanapparentlyinhibiteNOSexpressionandNOproductioninendothelialcells,whilevalsartancanapparentlyreversethatinhibitoryeffect.