简介：这研究调查由在天津大学在一辆冰坦克进行一系列模型测试在北极水里遨游的一艘运输轮船的抵抗。实验室规模模型轮船用一个一个方向性的负担房间在一辆僵硬马车上被装然后以不同速度通过一张冰表拖引。我们在轮船的不同部分和冰大浮冰的运动观察了打破冰的过程并且在不同速度下面测量了电阻决定在打破冰的过程和冰抵抗之间的关系。在肩膀区域的弯曲失败被发现引起最大的抵抗。而且，我们为估计冰抵抗介绍了Lindqvist(1989)的分析方法然后从我们的模型测试把这些计算结果与那些作比较。结果显示计算全部的电阻比那些高我们在模型测试决定了。

简介：这是一场智力的赛跑，这是一场技术的革命，这是一个突破的时代1值此首届国际物业管理产业博览会召开前夕，我们采访到了ICE国邦清洁设备有限公司创始人陈乃邦先生、中国区总经理康慨先生、市场部总监陈荣飞先生，对话国内人工智能、物联网领跑者，领略改革者的企业家风范，一睹敢为人先的开拓精神。

简介：ThelevelicethicknessandcompressivestrengthatthefourmeasuringstationsintheLiaodongBayareinferredaccordingtothehydrologicandmeteorologicdatathere,thentheyearlyextremeiceforcesonasolitarypilearecalculatedbytheuseofappropriateformulaoficeforcesanditsprobabilisticdistributionisdetermined.Generally,theyearlyextremeiceforcefollowsWeibulldistributionbestascomparedwithNormal,Lognormal,andExtremeValueIdistribution.Ontheotherhand,theshort-termdistributionoficeforcesonasolitarypileisobtainedfromthemodelexperimentdataanalysis:ItdoesnotrefuseExtremeValueIdistribution.

简介：Filteringtechnique,extendedempiricalorthogonalfunction(EEOF),spectrumdistributionfunctionandcorrela-tionanalysishavebeenemployedtostudytherelationshipbetweenarcticicecover(AIC)andmonthlymeantempera-tureandprecipitationinChina.Thefunctionofpowerspectrumdensityshowsthatnotonlyasemi-annualandanan-nualoscillationbutalsoaquasi-biennialoscillationcanbefoundinAICareaindexseries,especiallyinJune,SeptemberandNovember.Duringtheperiodofanalysis,itcanalsobefoundthatthereexistsagoodcorrelationbetweentheElNinoeventsandtheAICareaindex.AnanalysisontheEEOFofAICandthetemperatureoverChinaexhibitssomesignificanttemporal-spatialpatternsandabettertime-laginterrelationshipbetweenthem.Theresultsfromthecorrela-tionanalysisindicatethatthevariationofAICareahasasignificantinfluenceonthetemperatureandprecipitationinsubsequentmonthsoverChina.Inaddition,itexperiencesaquasi-bienniallow-frequencyoscillationanddisplaystocertainextentsomefeaturesofpropagation.

简介：Thedynamicresponsesofoffshorefixedplatformsundericeloadsareanalysedinthispaper.Theresponsescalculatedincludethedisplacementandthehotspotstressesonthebasisofadynamicequationofice-inducedforcedvibrationforoffshorestructures.Theresultsobtainedcanbecitedandusedforthedesignandoperationofoffshorefixedplatformsagainsticeloading.

简介：2012年12月20日，洲际交易所集团（IntercontinentalExchange,IGE）宣布，通过现金加股票方式，以82亿美元的价格收购纽约证券交易所的母公司纽约泛欧交易所集团（NYSEEuronext），为2012年全球交易所并购整合再添浓厚一笔。

简介：比约克可以说是当今乐坛上最与众不同的歌手．她的音乐充满了艺术性和探索性。本文就向我们描绘了这样一位神秘的“黑暗中的舞者”。

简介：Thecalculativemethodofheattransfercoefficientbetweenicecoverandwaterisanalyzedconsideringtheheatbalanceaticecoverbottomfirstly.Theheattransfercoefficientiscalculatedwiththemeteorological,oceanographicdataandseaiceconditionsmeasuredontheJZ20-2Oil/GasPlatformintheBohaiSeaduringthewinterof1997/1998.Fromtheresults,itisshownthattheheattransfercoefficientissmallerinthefreezingandmeltingperiods,whichisabout0.16×10-3and0.04×10-3respectively.Inthemiddleoficeseason,theheattransfercoefficienthasalargervalue,whichisabout0.5×10-3.Lastly,theinfluencesoficethicknessandicetypeontheheattransfercoefficientarediscussed.Withtheheattransfercoefficientdeterminedabove,theoceanicheatfluxinthewinterof1997～1998iscalculated,anditstrendinthewinterisanalyzed.ThisstudycanbereferencedintheseaicenumericalsimulationandpredictionintheBohaiSea.

简介：Thecoupledice-oceanmodelfortheBohaiSeaisusedforsimulatingthefreezing,melting,andvariationoficecoverandtheheatbalanceatthesea-ice,air-ice,andair-seainterfacesoftheBohaiSeaduringtheentirewinterin1998～1999and2000～2001.Thecoupledmodelisforcedbyrealtimenumericalweatherpredictionfields.TheresultsshowthatthethermodynamiceffectsofatmosphereandoceanareveryimportantfortheevolvementoficeintheBohaiSea,especiallyintheperiodoficefreezingandmelting.Oceanheatfluxplaysakeyroleinthethermodynamiccoupling.Thesimulationalsopresentsthedifferentthermodynamicfeaturesintheicecoveredregionandthemarginalicezone.Icethickness,heatbudgetattheinterface,andsurfaceseatemperature,etc.betweenthetworepresentativepointsarediscussed.

简介：Theproblemoficeinducedvibrationiscommontooceanengineeringofcoldregioncountries.Tostudytheiceinducedvibrationofacompliantconicalstructure,aseriesofmodeltestshavebeenperformedandsomebreakthroughprogressesmade.Theicesheetbeforethecompliantconicalstructureisfoundtofailbytwo-timebreakinginthetests.Theprocessoftwo-timebreakingbehavesintwomodes,andthegeneralcontroloftheiceandstructuralconditionsdeterminethemodeinwhichtheiceforcewouldbehave.Twodynamiciceforcefunctionsareestablishedrespectivelyforthetwomodesoftwo-timebreakingprocessinthispaper.Thenumericalsimulationresultsareingoodagreementwiththemeasuredresults,indicatingthatthedynamiciceforcefunctionsgiveninthispapercanfullyreflecttherealsituationofthedynamiciceforceonacompliantconicalstructure.

简介：Acomputationalinvestigationwasperformedtopredicttheeffectsofaerodynamicperformancedegradationonaircraftswepttaperwingwithandwithout10minutesand22.5minutesglazeiceaccretions.Inthisstudy,thethree-dimensionalsimulatedglazeiceshapesweredefinedfromaseriesoftwo-dimensionalicesections.TheaerodynamicperformancesofglazeicedsweptwingswithC-Hstructuremulti-blockgridwereanalyzedandevaluated.ThesteadyReynolds-AveragedNavier-Stokes(RANS)equationsareemployedtocomputesolutionswithimplementationoftwoequationShear-StressTransport(SST)turbulencemodelandsecond-orderupwinddifferencingforentireicedwingflowfield.Computedresultswerecomparedwithavailableexperimentaldata.TheCFDcomputationcanalsoaccuratelypredicttheaerodynamicperformancedegradationoflift,dragandpressurecoefficientsoffinitesweptwingwithglazeiceaccretionswhichhavetwobigupperandlowerhorn.

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简介：TheHY-1AsatelliteisthefirstoceanicsatelliteofChina.Duringthewinterof2002～2003,thedataoftheHY-1AwereappliedtotheseaicemonitoringandforecastingfortheBohaiSeaofChinaforthefirsttime.TheseaiceretrievalsystemoftheHY-1Ahasbeenconstructed.Itreceives1Bdatafromthesatellite,outputsseaiceimagesandprovidesdigitalproductsoficeconcentration,icethicknessandiceedge,whichcanbeusedasimportantinformationforseaicemonitoringandtheinitialfieldsofthenumericseaiceforecastandasoneofthereferencedatafortheseaiceforecastingverification.Theseaiceretrievalsystemofthesatelliteisdescribed,includingitsprocesses,methodsandparameters.TheretrievingresultsandtheirapplicationtotheseaicemonitoringandforecastingfortheBohaiSeaarealsodiscussed.

简介：康普公司全资子公司暨全球通信系统及设备领域领袖企业安德鲁无线通信公司，近日成功斩获一项德国ICE动车组长期合同，将为其提供更先进的无线覆盖通信系统。安德鲁车载直放站将安装在所有250列ICE动车近1500个车厢内，为乘客和政府铁路交通传输高质量、高可靠性移动通话信号。该合作项目将在2008年5月启动，预计在2010年全部完成。这也是德国铁路部与德国T-Mobile，Vodafone，theE-PlusGroup和02等多个移动运营商之间的合作项目。

简介：Icewatercontent(IWC)playsimportantrolesinweatherandclimatechange.DeterminingtheIWCsofcirruscloudswithmillimeter-wavelengthradarcanbeproblematicduetoinfluencesoficeparticlerotationontheirbackscatteringcrosssections.Wehereintroducemodelstodescribetheradiationpatternsofsixnonsphericalparticlesofspecificsizes.SimulationsusingHFSSsoftwarewereappliedtodescribethedifferencesresultingfromdifferentorientationsandequivalentspheres.Adoubleexponentialfunctionwasusedforfittingtodescribetherelationshipbetweentheparticles’maximumsizesandbackscatteringcrosssections.Thebackscatteringcrosssectionsofnonsphericaliceparticleswerecomputedbythemethodofmoment,andthoseoftheequivalentsphericalparticleswerecomputedbyLorenz-Mietheoryforthreedifferentorientations:fixed,horizontal,andrandom.AssumingthatamixtureofnonsphericaliceparticlesfollowstheB-Hmixingmodel,thesizedistributionofcirrusparticlesobeystheexponentialdistributionmeasuredbyNASAin2007.BycomputingtheIWCsofcirrusclouds,whichfollowstheabovementionedB-Hmodelandexponentialdistribution,theradarreflectivityfactorsofnonsphericaliceparticlesandequivalentspheresatthreedifferentorientationscanbecomputed.Subsequently,theIWCresultscanbeacquiredbyinputtingtheradarreflectivityvariablesintothewell-knownIWC-Zformula.TheanalysisdescribedheredemonstratesthatwhenusingtheradarreflectivityZ,theorientationmustbeconsideredinordertodeterminetheIWC.Usingequivalentspheretheory,thederivedIWCsunderestimatetheactualIWCs.Theseresultsareimportantforaccuratelyretrievingthemicrophysicalparametersofcirrusclouds.

简介：InJanuary2008,asuddendisastercausedbyicingandsnowinghappenedinlargeareasofCentralChinaandSouthChina.TheequipmentsofHunanpowergridwereseriouslydamagedduringtheicingandsnowingdisaster.AnexpertgroupfromChinaElectricPowerResearchInstitute(CEPRI)wasorganizedandwenttoHunanprovinceforfieldinvestigation.Asasummaryofthisinvestigation,thispaperintroducespowerequipmentdamages,suchasflashovercausedbyicing,collapseoftowers,conductorbreakageanddamageofsubstationequipments.Thecountermeasuresadoptedforthisicingandsnowingdisasterarealsosummarized.Theanalysisshowsthattheraremeteorologicalconditionisthemainreasonforlarge-areadamageofHunanpowergrid.IntheicingdisasterofHunanpowergrid,theicethicknessgreatlyexceedsthepermissiblelimitofdesign,thusitisnecessarytoimprovethedesignparametersreasonablytoagainsticingoftransmissionlines,andthedesignofexternalinsulationandtheanti-icingtechnologyforsubstationsarealsoneedtobeenhanced.

简介：摘要通过PCR的方式从拟南芥中扩增得到ICEI目的基因，将ICEI基因连接到pMD18T载体中，再采用双酶切的技术将AtICEI基因连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA1301上构建pLC2015植物表达载体，利用农杆菌介导的方式将Plc2015载体转入烟草中，经过PCR和抗寒性实验检测，结果表明ICEI基因已成功转入烟草中，并具备一定的抗寒性。

简介：在极的区域，云和内在的冰雪区域是困难的因为他们的高反照率，在红外线的乐队在可见乐队和冰雪区域的低表面温度在卫星图象区分。在南极洲的盖住的区域被介绍的在冰雪上的一个云察觉方法。由于云和ice-snowareas的不同质地特征，五个质地特征基于GLCM被提取。非线性的SVM然后被用来从训练数据获得最佳的分类超。实验结果显示这个算法在南极洲表现很好在云察觉，特别为薄触毛察觉。而且，当图象是到实际尺寸的一个季度或1/16的物件ampled时，云百分比仍然在一样的水平，当处理时间指数地减少时。

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简介：表面粗糙特征(例如，高度和斜坡)海，冰为决定电磁的散布的参数，表面排出物和表面拖系数是批评的。它在识别各种各样的冰类型也是重要的，检索冰厚度，表面温度并且从遥感数据拖系数。点云(是的一套点通常由X定义，Y，并且Z协调那代表在地球上的一个目标的外部表面)土地，在在东方海岸Bohai海的situ地点的在五的快冰在20112012冬季季节期间用激光scanner-TrimbleGX被测量。从不同样品的点云选择的250侧面被用来计算高度根平均数平方，高度偏斜度，高度峭度，斜坡根平均数平方，斜坡偏斜度和他们的斜坡峭度。高度，斜坡的根平均数平方和关联长度的根平均数平方分别地是大约0.090，0.075和11.74m。在三个地点的150侧面的高度表明Gaussian分发和指数地散布的总数250侧面的斜坡。另外，分数维的尺寸和力量光谱密度侧面被计算。结果表演土地的分数维的尺寸在Bohai海的快冰是大约1.132。力量光谱250侧面的密度能通过指数的自相关功能被表示。