简介: 通常howlong,howoften,howsoon这三个词组都是表示对时间提问的词组,也都含有"多久"的意思.许多初中低年级学生,在应用的时候混淆不清,经常出现错误.我们应该怎样去区分它们之间的差别呢?……
简介:Thispaperexploresthemacroeconomicdeterminantsofnon-performingloans(NPL)in19Asiancountries(lowtohighincomeeconomies)usingtheGeneralizedMethodofMomentsestimationapproachbasedontheeconomicdatafortheperiodbetween1998and2015.ThecategorizationoftheeconomiesisbasedontheaveragegrossnationalincomepercapitaassetbytheWorldBank.Specifically,thepaperaimstoevaluateifthedeterminantsofNPLvarywiththeincomelevelsofthecountries.TheresultsindicatethattheNPLisstronglyinfluencedbytheinflationrate.Theeffectis,however,negativeinthehigh-incomeandthemiddle-incomecountriesandpositiveinthelow-incomecountries.TheGDPpercapitahasadynamicnegativerelationshipwiththeNPLinthehigh-incomeandthelow-incomecountries.Theremittancehasasignificantpositiveassociationinthehigh-incomeandasignificantnegativeassociationinthelow-incomecountries.Similarly,theunemploymentratehasapositiveeffectonNPLinthemiddle-incomeandthelow-incomecountries.Withtheriseintheofficialexchangerate,theNPLlevelincreasesinthelow-incomecountries.TheoverallestimationresultssuggestthattheNPLinAsianbankingsystemdependonsomekeymacroeconomicvariables,suchasunemploymentrate,inflationrate,officialexchangerate,remittancereceivedandgrossdomesticproductpercapita,andtheseassociationsvarywiththeincomelevelofthecountries.Therefore,economiclevelofacountryshouldbecarefullyconsideredwhileformulatingcreditpolicytominimizecreditrisksinthebankingsystem.
简介:OneoftheproblemswithcommunicatingthroughtheInternetisthatyoudon'tgetthenonverbalcues(提示)thathelpyouknowwhatsomeonereallymeans.Emoticons,orsmiliesweredevelopedtohelpsolvethatproblem.EmoticonsaresymbolsconsistingofkeyboardcharactersthatlooklikesomethingelseandareusedtoimproveconversationovertheInternet.Forexample,