简介：Kombi、Microbus、Transporter……无论大众Type2的粉丝们喜欢如何称呼他们心中的经典，都必须接受一个现实：由于无法通过巴西将于2014年开始实行的安全法规，属于T2时代的巴西市场版Kombi即将正式停止生产，结束1957年至今总共56年的连续生产历史。

简介：Hypersubstitutions是印射操作符号到相应arities的术语的地图砰。他们作为使ahyperidentity和归纳的概念精确到M-hyperidentities的一个方法被介绍。每身份作为亢奋的身份在满足的一个变化被称为固体。如果每身份是为子集Mof的M-hyperidentity所有亢奋的替换的集合，变化被称为M固体。在亢奋的替换的单音的标志和一种给定的类型的代数学的所有变化的格子的潜水艇格子之间有一个Galois连接。因此，知道怎么有趣、有用半组或在到M固体变化的相应格子的性质的这个Galois连接下面的亢奋的替换转移的单音的标志性质ofmonoids。在这篇论文，我们学习类型(2,2)的eachhypersubsfitution的顺序，即，周期的subsemigroup的顺序由类型的所有亢奋的替换的单音的标志的thathypersubstitution产生了(2，2)。主要结果是顺序是1，2，3，4或无限。

简介：Theaetiologyandpathogenesisoftype2diabetesremainunclear.Mostpatientsexhibitacombinationoftwomajormetabolicdefects:

简介：Afamilyofpiecewiserationalquinticinterpolationispresented.Eachinterpolationofthefamily,whichisidentifieduniquelybythevalueofaparameterαi,isofC2continuitywithoutsolvingasystemofconsistencyequationsforthederivativevaluesattheknots,andcanbeexpressedbythebasisfunctions.InterpolantisofO(hr)accuracywhenf(x)?Cr[a,b],andtheerrorshaveonlyasmallfloatingforabigchangeoftheparameterαi,itmeanstheinterpolationisstablefortheparameter.Theinterpolationcanpreservetheshapepropertiesofthegivendata,suchasmonotonicityandconvexity,andaproperchoiceofparameterαiisgiven.

简介：AbstractPurpose:The incidence of acute lung injury (ALI) in severe trauma patients is 48% and the mortality rate following acute respiratory distress syndrome evolved from ALI is up to 68.5%. Alveolar epithelial type 1 cells (AEC1s) and type 2 cells (AEC2s) are the key cells in the repair of injured lungs as well as fetal lung development. Therefore, the purification and culture of AEC1s and AEC2s play an important role in the research of repair and regeneration of lung tissue.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats (3-4 weeks, 120-150 g) were purchased for experiment. Dispase and DNase I were jointly used to digest lung tissue to obtain a single-cell suspension of whole lung cells, and then magnetic bead cell sorting was performed to isolate T1α positive cells as AEC1s from the single-cell suspension by using polyclonal rabbit anti-T1a (a specific AEC1s membrane protein) antibodies combined with anti-rabbit IgG microbeads. Afterwards, alveolar epithelial cell membrane marker protein EpCAM was designed as a key label to sort AEC2s from the remaining T1α-neg cells by another positive immunomagnetic selection using monoclonal mouse anti-EpCAM antibodies and anti-mouse IgG microbeads. Cell purity was identified by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Results:The purity of AEC1s and AEC2s was 88.3% ± 3.8% and 92.6% ± 2.7%, respectively. The cell growth was observed as follows: AEC1s stretched within the 12-16 h, but the cells proliferated slowly; while AEC2s began to stretch after 24 h and proliferated rapidly from the 2nd day and began to differentiate after 3 days.Conclusion:AEC1s and AEC2s sorted by this method have high purity and good viability. Therefore, our method provides a new approach for the isolation and culture of AEC1s and AEC2s as well as a new strategy for the research of lung repair and regeneration.

简介：Medicaltherapyfortype2diabetesmellitusisineffectiveinthelongtermduetotheprogressivenatureofthedisease,whichrequiresincreasingmedicationdosesandpolypharmacy.Conversely,bariatricsurgeryhasemergedasacost-effectivestrategyforobesediabeticindividuals;ithaslowcomplicationratesandresultsindurableweightloss,glycemiccontrolandimprovementsinthequalityoflife,obesity-relatedco-morbidityandoverallsurvival.Thefindingthatglucosehomeostasiscanbeachievedwithaweightloss-independentmechanismimmediatelyafterbariatricsurgery,especiallygastricbypass,hasledtotheparadigmofmetabolicsurgery.However,theprimaryfocusofmetabolicsurgeryisthealterationofthephysio-anatomyofthegastrointestinaltracttoachieveglycemiccontrol,metaboliccontrolandcardio-metabolicriskreduction.Todate,metabolicsurgeryisstillnotwelldefined,asitisusedmostfrequentlyforlessobesepatientswithpoorlycontrolleddiabetes.Themechanismofglycemiccontrolisstillincompletelyunderstood.Publishedresearchfindingsonmetabolicsurgeryarepromising,butmanyaspectsstillneedtobedefined.Thispaperexaminestheproposedmechanismofdiabetesremission,theefficacyofdifferenttypesofmetabolicprocedures,thedurabilityofglucosecontrol,andtherisksandcomplicationsassociatedwiththisprocedure.Weproposeatailoredapproachfortheselectionoftheidealmetabolicprocedurefordifferentgroupsofpatients,consideringtheindicationsandprognosticfactorsfordiabetesremission.

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简介：我们使用Ringel大厅代数学途径为在Xi被描绘的类型B2的量组学习正规基础元素[12]。然而，我们的途径在那里简化几计算。

简介：<正>Thishighlightarticlefocusesontheeffectsofdifferenttypesofexerciseonthepreventionandtreatmentoftype2diabetesandonfuturechallengesindevelopingeffectivepreventivestrategies.1.CurrentprevalenceofdiabetesinChinaCardiovasculardiseaseshavebecometheleadingcauseofdeathinChina.DiabetesisamajorriskfactorforcardiovasculardiseasesandtherapidchangeinlifestyleisthemainreasonfortheincreasedriskforcardiovasculardiseasesinChina.TheChina

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简介：在这份报纸，为m厚度李重量的MacWilliams类型身份在\mathbbF2+u\mathbbF2\mathbb上为线性代码枚举符{F}_2+u\mathbb{F}_2被决定。作为这身份的一个应用程序，作者在\mathbbF2m+u\mathbbF2m\mathbb上为线性代码在李重量上获得MacWilliams类型身份{F}_{2^m}+u\mathbb{F}_{2^m}。而且，作者由利用Krawtchouk多项式为m厚度李重量分布证明两重性。

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简介：AIMTo在划分的类型2糖尿病的patients.METHODSWe估计在choroidal厚度(CT)和糖尿病的retinopathy(医生)的早阶段之间的关联83个糖尿病的病人(51-80岁；50女性)进非糖尿病的retinopathy，组(NDR)和温和/中等的nonproliferative糖尿病患者retinopathy(NPDR)组织，并且把他们与26个非糖尿病的控制题目作比较(51-78岁；16女性)。Subfovealchoroidal厚度(SFCT)和parafovealchoroidal厚度(PFCT)用提高的深度成像被测量光谱域的光连贯断层摄影术(EDI10月)。眼睛的健康地位，疾病持续时间，身体团索引，和血红素A1c(HbA1c)是NDR，NPDR，和控制组的recorded.RESULTSThe平均数年龄68.0是戠牥晥?景吗？

简介：Inthisarticle,the2-variablegeneralpolynomialsaretakenasbasewithPeterspolynomialstointroduceafamilyof2-variablePetersmixedtypepolynomials.Thesepolynomialsareframedwithinthecontextofmonomialityprincipleandtheirpropertiesareestablished.Certainsummationformulaeforthesepolynomialsarealsoderived.Examplesofsomemembersbelongingtothisfamilyareconsideredandnumbersrelatedtosomemixedspecialpolynomialsarealsoexplored.

简介：Let(.theMuckenhouptclass).Inthispaper,theauthorintroducetheweightedHerz-typeHardyspaces(w2)andpresenttheiratomicdecomposition.Usingtheatomicdecomposition,theauthorfindouttheirdualspaces,establishtheboundednessonthesespacesofthepseudo-differentialoperatorsoforderzeroandshowthat,theclassofC(Rn)-functionswithcompactlysupport,isdenseinandthereisasubsequence,whichconvergesindistrbutionalsensetosomedistributionof,ofanyboundedsequenceinInaddition,theauthoralsosetuptheboundednessofsomenon-linearquantitiesincompensatedcompactness.

简介：Diabetesisaleadingchronicdiseaseofchildhoodandadolescence.Inadditiontothewell-knownauto-immune,insulin-dependentdiabetesmellitus(type1diabetes(T1D)),thepasttwodecadeshavewitnessedtheemergenceoftype2diabetes(T2D)inchildrenandadolescents,whichpreviouslywasonlyseeninmiddle-agedorolderadults.Oneofthekeycomponentsofdiabetesmanagementisphysicalactivity(PA).ThebeneficialeffectsofincreasedPAanddecreasedsedentarybehaviorareextremelyimportantinyouthwithdiabetesbecauseofthemarkedlyincreasedlong-termriskofcardiovasculardiseaseinthispopulationcomparedtopersonswithoutdiabetes.Thisreviewaimstocomprehensivelysummarizetheepidemiologic,observationalresearchpublishedandlistedinPubMedbetween1970and2012onPAandsedentarybehaviors,aswellasphysicalfitnessinchildrenandadolescentswithTIDandT2D.Additionally,wedescribebrieflythestateofknowledgeonperceivedbarriersofPAinpersonswithdiabetes,withafocusonhypoglycemia.Finally,weprovideanoverviewoftheepidemiologicalliteraturepertainingtohealthbenefitsofincreasedPAinyouthwithTIDandT2Dandbrieflydiscussthetopicofexercise-relatedhypoglycemia.

简介：AbstractType 2 inflammation is a complex immune response and primary mechanism for several common allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is the predominant type of immune response against helminths to prevent their tissue infiltration and induce their expulsion. Recent studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to the development of type 2 inflammation in asthma, which may partly explain the increasing prevalence of asthma in China and around the globe. The epithelial barrier hypothesis has recently been proposed and has received great interest from the scientific community. The development of leaky epithelial barriers leads to microbial dysbiosis and the translocation of bacteria to inter- and sub-epithelial areas and the development of epithelial tissue inflammation. Accordingly, preventing the impairment and promoting the restoration of a deteriorated airway epithelial barrier represents a promising strategy for the treatment of asthma. This review introduces the interaction between type 2 inflammation and the airway epithelial barrier in asthma, the structure and molecular composition of the airway epithelial barrier, and the assessment of epithelial barrier integrity. The role of airway epithelial barrier disruption in the pathogenesis of asthma will be discussed. In addition, the possible mechanisms underlying the airway epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by allergens and environmental pollutants, and current treatments to restore the airway epithelial barrier are reviewed.

简介：AbstractBackgrounds:Inadequate sleep duration is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and the relationship is nonlinear. We aim to assess the curve relationship between night sleep duration and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in China.Methods:A cohort of 11,539 participants from the REACTION study without diabetes at baseline (2011) were followed until 2014 for the development of type 2 diabetes. The average number of hours of sleep per night was grouped. Incidence rates and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the development of diabetes in each sleep duration category.Results:Compared to people who sleep for 7 to 8 h/night, people with longer sleep duration (≥9 h/night) had a greater risk of type 2 diabetes (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.61), while shorter sleep (<6 h/night) had no significant difference in risk of type 2 diabetes. When the dataset was stratified based on selected covariates, the association between type 2 diabetes and long sleep duration became more evident among individuals <65 years of age, male, body mass index <24 kg/m2 or with hypertension or hyperlipidemia, no interaction effects were observed. Furthermore, compared to people persistently sleeping 7 to 9 h/night, those who persistently slept ≥9 h/night had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3 to 7.5 h/night.Conclusions:Short or long sleep duration was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Persistently long sleep duration increased the risk.

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