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简介：CorporateEnvironmentalResponsibility(CER)isthesubsystemofCorporateSocialResponsibility(CSR),whichcontinuestoincreaseprominenceintheglobaleconomy.Nowadays,CERbecomesmoreimportantincorporatesustainabledevelopment.BasedonCarroll’spyramidmodeofCSR,thisarticleexploresthesystematicfeatureofCER.Fromasystematicperspective,itsortsoutitselements,structure,function,andprinciplesofCER.Andthefourlevelsofeconomic,legal,ethical,andcharitablestructureareemphasized.Withtheseconsiderationsinterpretedintopractice,successwillbeachievedinpotentialcostsavings,technologicalinnovation,increasedpublicacceptance,andbetterrelationswithgovernments.

简介：Background:Physicalactivity(PA)hasbeenshowntobenefitcognitivefunctioninolderadults.However,thecognitivebenefitsofexercisingforolderChineseadultshavenotbeensystematicallydocumented.ThisstudywastoconductasystematicreviewonevidencethatPAisbeneficialforcognitivefunctioninginolderChineseadults.Methods:Majordatabases,includingPubMed,EMBASE,CochraneLibrary,WanFang,CNKI,andVIP,weresearchedforstudiespublishedinEnglishorChinesebetweenJanuary2000andDecember2015.Randomizedandnon-randomizedcontrolledtrials(RCTsandnon-RCTs),cohort,case-controlandcross-sectionalstudiesthatevaluatedPAandcognitivefunctionamongolderChineseadultswereincludedinthisreview.Results:Of53studiesincludedandreviewed,33wereobservational(22cross-sectional,7case-control,and4cohort)and20wereexperimental(15RCTs,5non-RCTs).Observationalstudiesshowedanassociationofreducedriskofcognitive-relateddiseases(i.e.,mildcognitiveimpairment,Alzheimer’sdisease,anddementia)throughPA,whereasexperimentalstudiesreportedexercise-inducedimprovementinmultipledomainsofcognitivefunction(i.e.,globalcognitivefunction,memory,executivefunction,attention,language,andprocessingrecourse).Conclusion:ThissystematicreviewprovidesinitialevidencethatPAmaybenefitcognitioninolderChineseadults.FurtherstudiesofindividualswithcognitiveimpairmentsandprospectiveandRCTstudieshavinghighscientificrigorareneededtocorroboratethefindingsreportedinthisreview.

简介：Background:TraditionalChinesesportsandphysicalactivities(PAs)havealonghistoryandarepracticedbymillionsofChinese.However,relativelyfewsystematicreviewsofthescientificevidencefortheirhealthbenefits,especiallyforolderChineseadults,havebeenundertaken.Evidenceacquisition:BetweenJanuaryandMarch2016,asystematicsearchwasconductedusingtheCNKIandPubMeddatabasestoidentifystudiespublishedbetween2000and2015.StudieswereselectedforreviewiftheyweredesignedspecificallytoevaluatethehealthbenefitsoftraditionalChinesesportsandPAsinadultsaged50yearsandolderintheMainlandofChina.Thestudiesincludedobservational,uncontrolled,andrandomizedandcontrolleddesigns.PaperspublishedwithoutanEnglishtitleorabstractwereexcluded.Evidencesynthesis:Theinitialsearchidentifiedatotalof229studies.Afterremovingduplicatesandstudiesthatdidnotmeettheinclusion/exclusioncriteria,95studieswereselectedforreview.Specialattentionwasgiventostudiesofthemostcommonlypracticedactivities:TaiJiQuan,Qigong,andYangkoexercises.Apositiveassociationbetweenthesetypesofexerciseandhealthbenefitswasnotedforhealthyolderadultsandthosewithchronicdiseases.Evidenceonothertypesofactivitieswaslessclearduetothelimitednumberofstudiesconducted.Conclusion:ThereispromisingevidencethattraditionalChinesesportsandPAsprovidemanyhealthbenefitsforolderChineseadults.Whileadditionalscientificallyrigorousresearchiswarranted,promotingthesetraditionalandculturally-basedsportsandPAsasformsofbehavioralmedicineinprimaryandsecondarypreventionofdiseasesamongtheagingChinesepopulationwillhelpfulfillanurgentpublichealthneed.

简介：AIMTo系统地基于快速的培植和trabeculectomy(Trab)的功效和费用考察当前的证据因为不受管束的glaucoma.METHODSClinical审判被电子数据库(PubMed，EMBASE，科学的ISI网和Cochrane图书馆)识别，并且数据例如intraocular压力(IOP)，完全、合格的成功率，手术后的复杂并发症和费用，是从这些相关研究的exacted。加权的吝啬的差别(WMD)，机会比率(或)并且95%信心间隔(CI)用相关出版物和二篇摘要遇见了的随机效果的model.RESULTSEleven被计算并且被分享包括标准。快车的功效在1点类似于在IOP减小(IOPR%)的百分比的Trab的，2y(WMD：-2.01；95%CI：-7.92-3.90；P=0.50和WMD：2.89；95%CI：-8.05-13.83；P=0.60，分别地)。快车拥有了重要更高完全、合格的成功率(或：1.59；95%CI：1.07-2.35；P=0.02并且或：1.74；95%CI：1.06-2.86；P=0.03，分别地)。而且，快车比Trab施加了hypotony和hyphema的显著地更低的频率(或：0.39；95%CI：0.21-0.72；P=0.003并且或：0.27；95%CI：0.10-0.69；P=0.003，分别地)。然而，根据以前的三studies.CONCLUSIONBothTrab和快车在二个组之间的费用上没有一致结果在阴沉的IOP有相等的功效，还快速比Trab有hypotony和hyphema的更低的风险。不过，快车的费用是否是不到Trab的应该进一步被调查长远来说保证基于证据的结论。

简介：这研究在不肥沃的人在精液参数上调查了精索静脉曲张的效果基于新人的精液的考试的2010世界健康组织实验室手册。精液分析结果(体积，精子计数，活动性，和形态学)是主要结果。收集数据的电子搜索用Medline/PubMed被进行，SJU发现，并且Google学者数据库。我们寻找了从2010出版到2015年8月的文章，即，在出版以后2010用手。我们包括了仅仅报导成年的不肥沃的人的实际精液参数与临床的精索静脉曲张诊断了并且包含了没与精索静脉曲张被诊断的肥沃的人或normozoospermic人的一个控制组的那些研究。十研究在元分析被包括，包含1232个人。精索静脉曲张与减少的精子计数被联系(吝啬的差别：−；44.48×；106ml−1；95%CI：−；61.45，−；27.51×；106ml−1；P<；0.001)，活动性(吝啬的差别：−；26.67%；95%CI：−；34.27，−；19.08；P<；0.001)，并且形态学(吝啬的差别：−；19.68%；95%CI：−；29.28，−；10.07；P<；0.001)然而并非精液体积(吝啬的差别：−；0.23ml；95%CI：−；0.64，0.17)。亚群分析显示效果的大小被控制子类型影响然而并非实验室手册编辑为精液评价使用了。我们断定那精索静脉曲张是否定地在精液参数上影响精液质量，而是观察分享的效果尺寸的一个重要风险因素不似乎被WHO实验室手册编辑影响。在2010仍然为精液分析利用了1999手册以后，出版的研究的给定的大多数，进一步的研究被要求充分理解临床的含意2010在精索静脉曲张和精液参数之间的协会上的实验室手册。

简介：在这份报纸，我们独自考察了雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT)的长期的幸存结果，安全，和quality-of-life对为局部地先进、变形的前列腺癌症(PCa)与放射治疗(RT)或化疗结合了。文学搜索用OvidSP被执行。满足了下列标准的使随机化的控制试用(RCT)被包括：包括局部地先进或变形的PCa，比较方法和疾病的报导量的数据控制的与任何治疗独自一个对联合的ADT或幸存结果。最后，八RCT满足了包括标准。在这些之中，三比较了ADT对ADT正RT(n=2344)并且一个人比较了ADT对ADT正docetaxel-estramustine(n=413)在局部地先进的PCa；二比较了ADT对ADT正docetaxel(n=1175)并且加estramustine的二比较ADT对ADT(n=114)在变形PCa。为局部地先进的PCa，到长期的ADT的RT的增加能与充分可接受的不利效果改进幸存和肿瘤控制的结果。特殊，分享的机会比率(或)外套，幸存(OS)是1.43(95%信心间隔1.20-1.71)什么时候独自加RT把ADT与ADT作比较(P<0.0001)。为变形神经质地敏感的PCa，加ADT的docetaxel的并发的使用有效、安全(分享或OS：1.29[1.01-1.65]：P=0.04)。总共，加docetaxel的长期的ADT正RT和长期的ADT应该分别地在局部地先进、变形的神经质地敏感的PCa被看作合适的处理选择。为纸的主要限制是仅仅八RCT是可得到的。

简介：The12C+13Csystemhasbeenstudiedextensively,becauseofthesimilarityoftheentrancechanneltotheastrophysicallyimportant12C+12Creaction[1??3].Untilnow,threedifferentmethodshavebeenexploitedtoperformthefusioncrosssectionmeasurementsfor12C+13CundertheCoulombbarrier:(1)measuringtheyieldofcharacteristicrays,(2)thetotal-rayyieldsusingNaIsummingdetectorsand(3)theactivityofthereactionresidue24Na(T1=2=15.0h).Recently,thefusioncrosssectionof12C+13Chasbeenmeasureddownto0.9nbthroughtheactivitymeasurementbyourgroup[4].Althoughthestatisticalmodelcalculationsinallthesethreemethodshavebeenroutinelyusedtoconverttheobservedpartialcrosssectionsintothetotalfusioncrosssections[5],thesystematicuncertaintyinducedbythestatisticalcorrectionshasnotbeenstudiedverywell.