简介：GivenacompletegraphwithvertexsetXandsubsetsX1,X2,...,Xn,theproblemoffindingasubgraphGwithminimumnumberofedgessuchthatforeveryi=1,2,...,n,GcontainsaspanningtreeonXi,arisesinthedesignofvaccumsystems.Ingeneral,thisproblemisNP-completeanditisprovedthatforn=2and3thisproblemispolynomial-timesolvable.Inthispaper,weprovethatforn=4,theproblemisalsopolynomial-tlmesolvableandgiveamethodtoconstructthecorrespondinggraph.

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简介：WithcomparisonofdemographicchangesbetweenthedevelopedEuropeancountriesandChina,thispaperhasdiscussedtheshortcomingsoftheWesterndemographictransitiontheories.Furthermore,thepaperhasproposedthedirectionofdemographictransitionandthecriteriaofsuchtransition'scompletion.Withtheestablishmentofage-structuretransitiontheory,andhelpedwithstrictdefinitionsofbothsurpluspopulationandappropriatepopulation,thepaperpointsoutthedistinctionofdemographicage-structurebetweenthosedevelopingcountriesthatareundergoingdemographictransitionandthosedevelopedcountrieswithanearcompletionofsuchdemographictransition.FinallyitconcludesthatChina'stransitionofagestructureismovingtowardsafeasibledirection.

简介：Multidisciplinaryfeasiblemethod(MDF)isconventionalmethodtomultidisciplinaryoptimization(MDO)andwell-understoodbyusers.Itreducesthedimensionsofthemultidisciplinaryoptimizationproblembyusingthedesignvariablesasindependentoptimizationvariables.However,ateachiterationoftheconventionaloptimizationprocedure,multidisciplinaryanalysis(MDA)isnumerouslyperformedthatresultsinextremeexpenseandlowoptimizationefficiency.TheintrinsicweaknessofMDFisduetothetimesthatitloopfixed-pointiterationsinMDA,whichdriveustoimproveMDFbybuildinginexpensiveapproximationsassurrogatesforexpensiveMDA.AnsimpleexampleispresentedtodemonstratetheusefulnessoftheimprovedMDF.ResultsshowthatasignificantreductioninthenumberofmultidisciplinaryanalysisrequiredforoptimizationisobtainedascomparedwithoriginalMDFandtheefficiencyofoptimizationisincreased.

简介：Afeasiblemethodofcombiningtheconceptoffluorescencehalf-lifeandthepowerdependentphoto-bleachingrateforcharacterizingthepracticalphotostabilityoffluorescentproteins(FPs)wasintroduced.Furthermore,byusingafluorescentphotostabilitystandard,arelativecomparisonofthephotostabiltyofFPsfromdifferentresearchgroupswasproposed,whichwouldbeofgreatbenefitfordevelopingnovelFPswithoptimizedemissionwavelength,betterbrightness,andimprovedphotostability.Weusedrho-damineBasanexampletoverifythismethodandevaluatethepracticalphotostabilityofafar-redFP,mKate-S158C.Experimentalresultsindicatedgoodpotentialofthismethodforfurtherstudy.

简介：在这篇论文，明智的NCP功能为非线性的不平等被建议的有片的一个QP免费的可行方法抑制了优化问题。新NCP功能arepiece明智的线性合理的、常规伪smooth并且有好性质。这个方法是KKToptimality条件的方程重新阐述的线性系统的基于的在解决方案，由使用thepiecewiseNCP函数。这个方法是没有假定严格的补充条件能、全球性会聚的工具，累积的孤立的海角指。而且，活跃限制的坡度没被请求线性地独立。可以被伪获得的次矩阵--牛顿方法，没被请求一致地积极明确。初步的数字结果显示这个新QP免费的方法是相当有希望的。

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简介：AnewSQPtypefeasiblemethodforinequalityconstrainedoptimizationispresented,itisacombinationofamasteralgorithmandanauxiliaryalgorithmwhichistakenonlyinfiniteiterations.Thedirectionsofthemasteralgorithmaregeneratedbyonlyonequadraticprogramming,anditsstep-sizeisalwaysone,thedirectionsoftheauxiliaryalgorithmarenew'secondorder'feasibledescent.Undersuitableassumptions,thealgorithmisprovedtopossessglobalandstrongconvergence,superlinearandquadraticconvergence.

简介：在这份报纸，我们考虑随机的线性补充问题(SLCP)的一个班与有限地许多元素。可行semismooth抑制了高斯牛顿算法因为SLCP被建议。建议算法的全球、局部地二次的集中在合适的条件下面被获得。一些数字结果在这份报纸被报导，它证实建议算法的好理论性质。

简介：在这份报纸，由与nonnegative限制分析凸的二次的编程的答案的提议，我们为抑制方程建议一个可行分解方法。在温和条件下面，全球集中能被获得。方法被用于互补问题。数字结果也被给显示出建议方法的效率。

简介：我们在场为在热洞证完的任意的N原子州的withoutBell状态大小的远距传物的一个计划，和表演在实验的可行性。我们对两洞腐烂感觉迟钝、热的计划isalso成立了，并且远距传物的忠实被试验性的错误onlyslightly影响。另外，成功概率到达1.0。

简介：这篇论文使NP难的最大两断问题的答案担心。NCPfunctions被采用把最大两断问题变换成连续非线性的编程问题。解决结果连续非线性的编程问题产生在最大两断问题的最佳的值上给上面的界限的一个解决方案。从答案，贪婪策略被用来产生max-bisectionproblem的一个令人满意的近似答案。没有线搜索的一个可行方向方法被建议解决结果到产生问题的KKT点的算法的连续非线性的编程，和集中被证明。著名测试问题，并且在随机产生的测试问题上的数字实验和比较证明建议方法柔韧、很有效。

简介：Basedonanewefficientidentificationtechniqueofactiveconstraintsintroducedinthispaper,anewsequentialsystemsoflinearequations(SSLE)algorithmgeneratingfeasibleiteratesisproposedforsolvingnonlinearoptimizationproblemswithinequalityconstraints.Inthispaper,weintroduceanewtechniqueforconstructingthesystemoflinearequations,whichrecurstoaperturbationforthegradientsoftheconstraintfunctions.Ateachiterationofthenewalgorithm,afeasibledescentdirectionisobtainedbysolvingonlyonesystemoflinearequationswithoutdoingconvexcombination.ToensuretheglobalconvergenceandavoidtheMaratoseffect,thealgorithmneedstosolvetwoadditionalreducedsystemsoflinearequationswiththesamecoefficientmatrixafterfiniteiterations.Theproposedalgorithmisprovedtobegloballyandsuperlinearlyconvergentundersomemildconditions.WhatdistinguishesthisalgorithmfromthepreviousfeasibleSSLEalgorithmsisthatanimprovingdirectionisobtainedeasilyandthecomputationcostofgeneratinganewiterateisreduced.Finally,apreliminaryimplementationhasbeentested.

简介：联合适应收缩在有明显的垂直传导力的成像的可行区域的基因算法微分，我们转换了TEM传导性的薄层。倒置的结果证明由在可行区域的适应收缩，计算速度加速，计算精确改善。到某个程度，在这个方法，我们克服短暂电磁的发出声音等价和减少的等价范围。有前面的曲线的转换结果的比较清楚地证明我们能想象传导性的薄层。关键词短暂电磁的方法-基因算法-倒置-明显的纵的传导力-并且传导性的薄层首先写作在Chang鈥檃n的教授李秀大学。他从长春地质学学院在地球物理的探索从Xi鈥檃n地质学学院和BS(1982)在应用地球物理收到了M.Sc(1989)。他出版了超过30份报纸。他从事理论的研究和短暂电磁的领域的申请。他现在正在追求ph。在Xi鈥檃n交通大学的D。

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简介：AconitiLateralisRadixPraeparata(Fuzi)isacommonlyusedtraditionalChinesemedicineinclinicforitspotencyinrestoringyangandrescuingfromcollapse.Aconitialkaloids,mainlyincludingmonoester-diterpenoidaconitines(MDAs)anddiester-diterpenoidaconitines(DDAs),areconsideredtoactasbothbioactiveandtoxicconstituents.Inthepresentstudy,afeasible,economical,andaccurateHPLCmethodforsimultaneousdeterminationofsixalkaloidmarkersusingtheSingleStandardforDeterminationofMulti-Components(SSDMC)methodwasdevelopedandfullyvalidated.Benzoylmesaconinewasusedastheuniquereferencestandard.Thismethodwasprovenasaccurate(recoveryvaryingbetween97.5%-101.8%,RSD<3%),precise(RSD0.63%-2.05%),andlinear(R>0.9999)overtheconcentrationranges,andsubsequentlyappliedtoquantitativeevaluationof62batchesofsamples,amongwhich45batcheswerefromgoodmanufacturingpractice(GMP)facilitiesand17batchesfromthedrugmarket.Thecontentswerethenanalyzedbyprincipalcomponentanalysis(PCA)andhomogeneitytest.ThepresentstudyprovidedvaluableinformationforimprovingthequalitystandardofAconitiLateralisRadixPraeparata.ThedevelopedmethodalsohasthepotentialinanalysisofotherAconitumspecies,suchasAconitumcarmichaelii(preparedparentroot)andAconitumkusnezoffii(preparedroot).