简介：Anewmethodoftreatingmaximumwaveheightasarandomvariableinreliabilityanalysisofbreakwatercaissonsisproposed.Themaximumwaveheightisexpressedasthesignificantwaveheightmultipliedbytheso-calledwaveheightratio.Theproposedwaveheightratioisatypeoftransferfunctionfromthesignificantwaveheighttothemaximumwaveheight.Undertheconditionofabreakingwave,theratioisintrinsicallynonlinear.Therefore,theprobabilitydensityfunctionforthe

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简介：在Chukchi海的后生动物的meiofauna从七个浅水车站被收集(深度变化46～52m)并且五个深海车站(深度在393和2300m之间变化)在第4中国公民期间在2010的北极研究远征。结果证明许多meiofauna在浅水沉积是更高的(2445ind./平均(10厘米<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2))比在深海沉积(407.06ind./(10厘米<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2))。为二个不同区域之间的差别的UNIANOVA测试是高度重要的(F=101.15，p<0.01)。线虫是数字地主导的，代表(96.6

简介：Usingregionaldatafrom1990to2010inChina,thepaperexaminestrends,determinants,regionaldisparitiesandspatialeffectsofpopulationandeconomicdistributionconsistency.Resultsshowthatpopulationdensityismuchsmallerthaneconomicdensityatnationallevelandintheeastregions,Whilepopulationdensityislargerthaneconomicdensityinmiddleandwestregionsofthecountry.Spatialdependenceandspatialconcentrationexistinthepopulation-economicdistributioninconsistencyinChina.Materialcapital,humancapital,infrastructureconstructionandpoliciesarethemaininfluencingfactorswheneconomiclevelandstructurearecontrolled.Thereareprominentdifferencesintheabovefactorsindeterminingregionalpopulation-economicspatialdistributioninconsistency.Further,neglectingspatialeffectofpopulation-economicdistributioninconsistencycouldresultinunderestimationofmarketmechanismandoverestimationoftheroleofthegovernment.

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简介：Consumers'electricitycostkeepsincreasingoverthetimeinmostcountriesacrosstheworld.Themainreasonisthatimportingelectricityfromgenerationplantsfarfromaloadcenterisrelativelyexpensive,ascostsarepaidnotonlyforgenerationbutalsoforenergylossandnetworkuse.Tothisend,itismoreeconomicaltouseelectricitygeneratedbylocaldistributedgenerations.Inordertoreducecustomers'electricitycost,aneweconomicdispatchofsmartdistributionnetworksisproposed.Economicdispatchofsmartdistributionnetworkistomeetloaddemandwiththeleastconsumers'electricitycostconsideringdistributedgenerators,whilerecognizingalloperationallimitsofgenerationandtransmissionfacilitiesinadistributionnetwork.Casestudyshowsthatconsumers'electricitycostcanbereducedbyabout20%througheconomicdispatchofdistributionnetwork.Further,generationcostandemissionofdistributionnetworkarereducedaswell.

简介：NumericalsimulationsoftheflowinthedrafttubeofaFrancisturbinearecarriedoutinordertoelucidatetheeffectsoftangentialvelocityonflowstability.Influenceofthelocationofthemaximumtangentialvelocityisexploredconsideringtheequalityofthetotalenergyattheinletofthedrafttube.Itisfoundthattheamplitudeofthepressurefluctuationdecreaseswhenthelocationofthemaximumofthetangentialvelocitymovesfromthecentretothewallonthecrosssection.Thus,thestabilityoftheflowinthedrafttubeincreaseswiththemovingofthelocationofthemaximumtangentialvelocity.However,therelativehydrauliclossincreasesandtherecoverycoefficientofthedrafttubedecreasesslightly.

简介：Unbalancedregionaldevelopmentcanbeexaminedbylookingatthemismatchbetweendemographicdistributionandeconomicdistributionacrosstheregions.UsingtheindicatorsmeasuringthedegreeofmismatchbetweendemographicandeconomicdistributionoftheregionsinChina,thispaperrevisitsthedisparitiesandtheirchangesinregionaldevelopment,indentifyingaconvergingtrendintheregionaldifferencesafter2003.Bydecomposingtheregionaldifferencesintocontributionsofdemographicandeconomicconcentrations,thispaperalsoexploresthemechanismsofchangingregionaldifferences,andconcludesthatthechangesofregionaldifferencesaremoreattributabletotheeffectsofeconomicgatheringthantothoseofdemographicgathering.Demographicconcentrationisplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinreducingtheregionaldifferenceswithreducingbarrierstopopulationmobility.ThepaperalsodiscussespolicyapproachesaddressingbalancedregionaldevelopmentinChina.

简介：Jointlocationandscalemodelsoftheskew-normaldistributionprovideusefulextensionforjointmeanandvariancemodelsofthenormaldistributionwhenthedatasetunderconsiderationinvolvesasymmetricoutcomes.Thispaperfocusesonthemaximumlikelihoodestimationofjointlocationandscalemodelsoftheskew-normaldistribution.Theproposedprocedurecansimultaneouslyestimateparametersinthelocationmodelandthescalemodel.Simulationstudiesandarealexampleareusedtoillustratetheproposedmethodologies.

简介：FieldinvestigationsofmarinemacrobenthoswereconductedattensitesintheBeringSeainJuly2010.Altogether90speciesofmacrobenthosbelongingto59familiesand78generawereidentified.Amongthem,41polychaetes,16mollusks,23crustaceans,threeechinoderms,twocnidarians,onenemertean,onepriapulid,twosipunculids,andoneechiuranwereidentified.Theaveragedensityandbiomassoftotalmacrobenthoswere984ind./m2and1207.1g/m2ofwetweight,respectively.ThepredominantspeciesinthestudyareawereScoloplosarmiger,Eudorellapacifica,Ophiurasarsii,Heteromastusfiliformis,Ennuculatenuis,andHarpiniopsisvadiculusbyabundance,whilethepredominantspeciesinthisareawasEchinarachniusparmabybiomass.Hierarchicalclusteranalysis(Bray–Curtissimilaritymeasure)revealedthattwoimportantbenthicassemblagesinthestudyareawereCommunityAandCommunityB.CommunityAwasstableandCommunityBwasunstable,asshownbytheAbundance/BiomassComparisons(ABC)approach.ThemacrobenthiccommunitystructureintheshelfoftheBeringSeawascharacterizedbyitshighabundanceandbiomass,highproductivitybutgreatheterogeneity.

简介：这篇文章试图在Tarim盆分析差错系统的开发，分发和进化的主要控制因素。基于地震侧面解释，钻的全面分析和地质的数据，也许在Tarim盆认出的六个差错系统，他们是南方Tianshan山的低岬差错系统，北Tarim高举差错系统，北方Tarim消沉差错系统，中央差错系统，西南Tarim差错系统，和东南Tarim差错系统。主要差别在Tarim盆在差错系统的发展，进化和分发存在，这被显示。亚差错系统能在差错系统的内部根据差错开发和分发的差别被认出。这被描绘多水平差错系统的微分开发和分发在Tarim盆存在。差错带在古生代的阶层发展了主要在内部在paleo高举和paleo斜坡散布Tarim盆，和差错带在床主要在外部低岬消沉开发的中央新生代发生了。带并且片断差错系统的微分开发和分发也在Tarim盆存在。Tarim差错系统的形成和分发具有控制机制的建筑群。多相的结构的运动和构造转变在Tarim盆控制差错系统的多相的微分开发和分发。多水平微分开发和分发被多水平分开带和地区性的不顺从控制。带并且分割先存在的地下室也许控制的Tarim差错系统的微分开发和分发结构的质地。在Tarim盆的差错系统的主要方向被联合的以后的阶段盆山脉控制。

简介：Thispaperconsiderstheconvergenceratesfornonparametricestimatorsoftheerrordistributioninsemi-parametricregressionmodels.Byestablishingsomegenerallawsoftheiteratedlogarithm,itshowsthattheratesofconvergenceofeithertheempiricaldistributionorasmoothedversionoftheempiricaldistributionfunctionmatchesexactlytheratesobtainedforanindependentsamplefromtheerrordistribution.

简介：现在的工作解释限制为长棱柱的堆的自我重量传播的静电干扰在休息的一个角度倾向了并且相称性地在一个僵硬的底上形成了。有沿着斜坡表面的应力的动员状态的极化的主要的轴的闭合被在平衡方程上强加主要压力的取向采用。比较用一个有弹性的模型基于有限元素方法随计算被做。而且，在一个矩形的僵硬的底上扔的沙堆的实验被进行验证理论学习。测量压力侧面通常与理论结果同意了很好。

简介：根据在第4中国国家北极研究远征期间在Bering海获得的数据，溶解的氧的分发()被学习，它的最大的集中的原因被讨论，并且在之间的关系并且另外的参数例如咸度，温度，并且叶绿素一被分析。结果证明集中在Bering海盆从0.53～12.05mg/L。上面的水包含了高集中，最大值从20～50m发生在深度范围。当深度比200m深并且从500～1000m在深度范围到达了最小时，集中很快减少，然后慢慢地增加了，深度增加，但是仍然在底层保留了。在架上，DO集中与10.75mg/L的吝啬的价值从6.53～16.63mg/L，并且显示出从北方减少到南方的一个特征。集中在在Bering海和劳伦斯岛之间的区域是更高的并且在在62的纬度的劳伦斯岛的东南和西南是更低的??猯'T伾搠獩牴扩瑵潩?慰瑴牥獮椠?楤晦牥湥?慬敹獲漠?潢桴猠瑩獥

简介：TakingTi-6Al-4Vspecimensintoconsideration,thecoupledthermal-electricalfiniteelementmodelhasbeendevelopedinAbaqus/ExplicittosimulatetheheatingprocessinGleeble3800andtostudythetemperaturehistoryanddistributioninthespecimen.Inordertoverifythefiniteelement(FE)results,thermaltestsarecarriedoutonGleeble3800foraTi-6Al-4Vspecimenwithaslottointhecentreofthespecimen.Theeffectsofthespecimensize,heatingrate,andairconvectiononthetemperaturedistributionoverthespecimenhavebeeninvestigated.Theconclusionscanbedrawnas:thetemperaturegradientofthespecimendecreasesasthespecimensize,heatingrate,andvacuumingdecrease.

简介：复杂地形学在多山的区域对采伐森林缓冲森林。然而，如果地面也在人的影响是可能的是地面抑制的更少的低地塑造森林分发，它是未知的。在如此的区域，如果重要根本，地志的效果将取决于文化历史的因素并且因此人驱动(人为)而非自然，除了在一般气候或极端玷污的区域，限制森林的出现。我们使用了空间回归当模特儿估计地志的因素向解释森林分发的程度(存在缺席在一48?敳敬瑣摥

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简介：TheexternalsurfaceofHZSM-5zeolitewaspassivatedbyliquidsiliceousdepositionandbyacidicsitespoisoningwithlepidine,respectively.Thenmethanol-to-hydrocarbons(MTH)reactionwasinvestigatedovertheaboveas-preparedcatalystsandthedissolublecokeontheseusedcatalystswasanalyzedbyGC-MS,tostudytheroleoftheexternalsurfaceofHZSM-5inthecatalyticreaction.ComparisonwiththeexperimentalresultsbasedonparentZSM-5showedthattheproductdistributionofMTHreactionwasobviouslyinfluencedbytheexternalsurface.Evidenceswerelistedasfollows:(1)thefinalproductonparentHZSM-5showedhigheraromaticselectivity,lowerolefinselectivity,lowerratioofC2/C3+aliphaticsandhigherratioofC3/C4+aliphaticsthanthereactionmixtureproducedbythesolecatalysisofacidicsitesinHZSM-5channel;(2)alittleofpentamethylbenzeneandhexamethylbenzeneintheproductonparentHZSM-5,wasproducedviamulti-methylationofmethylbenzeneontheexternalsurface.TheaboveconclusionmayalsobesuitableforMTHreactionoverotherzeoliteswith10-ringchannel.