简介:本研究在彰化滨海工业区木麻黄(Casuarinaequisetifolia)林下有客土处、无客土处及邻近非造林地进行土壤取样分析,以评估滨海环境通过客土及植栽来改善土壤理化性质的成效.将土壤分成0~10cm、11—20cm、21~30cm、31~40cm分层取样,结果表明:3种土壤均以砂粒含量最高(80%以上);pH值以有客土的林地最低(pH4.80~6.71),显示植物作用明显降低土壤pH值;有机碳含量以林地有客土的土壤最高(0.41%~2.15%),但仍属于极低(〈2%)的等级;土壤全氮方面,同样以林地有客土最高(0.011%-0.075%),但不论林地、非造林地或有无客土之处,土壤全氮含量均低于0.1%;有效磷方面,林地含量明显高出非造林地,应与土壤有机质与pH值等的差异有关;阳离子交换量(CEC)方面,林地有客土的含量为2.06~3.92cmol(+)·kg^-1,林地无客土的含量为1.96~3.14cmol(+)·kg^-1,非造林地的含量为1.56~5.20cmol(+)·k^-1,三者具显著差异但均属极低(〈5)的等级;pH值随土深而增加,有机碳含量、土壤全氮、有效磷以及交换性钙离子皆有随土深而下降的趋势;其余性质则无显著深度差异.综合而言,彰滨林地土壤性质受生物作用影响,在pH、有机碳、全氮、有效磷含量方面有显著改善,但离适合一般植物生长的土壤性质仍远.
简介:以前,无论是空战、海战,还是陆战,对于实力相当的作战部队来说,武器装备基本势均力敌。可是近海作战就不一样了,火力强大的舰艇吨位一般都比较大,难以到达近海,因此登陆部队只能选择橡皮艇、快艇等小型舰艇靠岸。海上隐蔽环境有限,岸边的防守部队可以在海岸线安置各种武器装备,神出鬼没地发起进攻,而登陆部队却只能依靠运输舰艇的掩护和他们手中的单兵武器反击……在地理优势和武器装备都稍逊一筹的登陆战中,如何确保近海作战的胜利呢?濒海战斗舰、特种快艇、近海支援舰……各种提升近海作战能力的舰艇出现了。其中,作为专门输送特种兵的新概念装备——M80"短剑"高速隐形快艇更是大大提高
简介:Theequilibriumgeometries,relativestabilities,andelectronicpropertiesofMnAgm(M=Na,Li;n+m≤7)aswellaspureAgn,Nan,Lin(n≤7)clustersaresystematicallyinvestigatedbymeansofthedensityfunctionaltheory.Theoptimizedgeometriesrevealthatfor2≤n≤7,therearesignificantsimilaritiesingeometryamongpureAgn,Nan,andLinclusters,andthetransitionsfromplanartothree-dimensionalconfigurationsoccuratn=7,7,and6,respectively.Incontrast,thefirstthree-dimensional(3D)structuresareobservedatn+m=5forbothNanAgmandLinAgmclusters.Whenn+m≥5,astrikingfeatureisthatthetrigonalbipyramidbecomesthemainsubunitofLinAgm.Furthermore,dramaticodd-evenalternativebehavioursareobtainedinthefragmentationenergies,secondorderdifferenceenergies,highestoccupiedandlowestunoccupiedmolecularorbitalenergygaps,andchemicalhardnessforbothpureanddopedclusters.Theanalyticresultsexhibitthatclusterswithanevenelectronicconfiguration(2,4,6)possesstheweakestchemicalreactivityandmoreenhancedstability.
简介:Basedondatacollectedfromatemporalseismicnetwork,andinadditiontothedatafromsomenearbypermanentstations,weinvestigatethevelocitystructureandseismicityintheRongchanggasfield,wheresignificantinjection-inducedseismicityhasbeenidentified.First,weusereceiverfunctionsfromdistantearthquakestoinvertdetailed1-Dvelocitystructuresbeneathtypicalstations.Then,weusethedouble-differencehypocenterlocationmethodtore-locateearthquakesofthe2010ML5.1earthquakesequencethatoccurredintheregion.There-locatedhypocentersshowthatthe2010ML5.1earthquakesequencewasdistributedinasmallareasurroundingmajorinjectionwellsandclusteredmostlyalongpre-existingfaults.Majorearthquakesshowafocaldepthlessthan5kmwithadominantdepthof~2km,adepthofmajorreservoirsandinjectionwells.Wethusconcludethatthe2010ML5.1earthquakesequencemighthavebeeninducedbythedeepwellinjectionofunwantedwateratadepth~3kmintheRongchanggasfield.
简介:用构造法研究了路和圈的Mycielski图的点可区别均匀边染色,得到了路和圈的Mycielski图的点可区别均匀边色数,验证了它们满足点可区别均匀边染色猜想(VDEECC).