简介：Colorectalcarcinoma(CRC)isacommoncauseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide.TwopathogenicpathwaysareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofadenomatoCRC.ThefirstpathwayinvolvesAPC/β-catenincharacterizedbychromosomalinstabilityresultingintheaccumulationofmutations.ThesecondpathwayischaracterizedbylesionsinDNAmismatchrepairgenes.AberrantDNAmethylationinselectedgenepromotershasemergedasanewepigeneticpathwayinCRCdevelopment.CRCscreeningisthemostefficientstrategytoreducedeath.SpecificDNAmethylationeventsoccurinmultistepcarcinogenesis.EpigeneticgenesilencingisacausativefactorofCRCdevelopment.DNAmethylationshavebeenextensivelyexaminedinstoolfromCRCandprecursorlesions.ManymethylatedgeneshavebeendescribedinCRCandadenoma,althoughnodefiniteDNAmethylationbiomarkerspanelhasbeenestablished.MultipleDNAmethylationbiomarkers,includingsecretedfrizzled-relatedprotein2,secretedfrizzled-relatedprotein1,tissuefactorpathwayinhibitor2,vimentin,andmethylguanineDNAmethyltransferase,havebeenfurtherinvestigated,andobservationshaverevealedthatDNAmethylationbiomarkersexhibitwithhighsensitivityandspecificity.ThesemarkersmayalsobeusedtodiagnoseCRCandadenomainearlystages.Realtimepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)issensitive,scalable,specific,reliable,timesaving,andcosteffective.Stoolexfoliatedmarkersprovideadvantages,includingsensitivityandspecificity.AstoolqPCRmethylationtestmayalsobeanenhancedtoolforCRCandadenomascreening.

简介：Someantitumoractivitiesofcomponent(E),extractedfromtherootofFagopynumCymosum(Trev)Meisn(FCTM),haverecentlybeendiscoveredinvivoandinvitro.ThecomponentE(CE)’spatternofactionwithtumorcellularDNAatthemolecularpharmacologicallevelwasinvestigatedbymacromolecularsynthesisexperiment(MSE)andhumanDNAinteractionsystemestablishedinourlaboratory.Theexperimentsdemonstratedthat,invitro,theagentcouldmarkedlyinhibittheincorporationof3H-TdRintothecellularDNA,andtheIC50inP388leukemiacellandinSGC-7901cellwas17.86μg/mland110.4μg/ml,respectively.Theagent,atmg/mllevel,couldproduceanintercalationreversionpatternwithDNAwithinashorttime(2hours).Butwhentheintervalwasprolongedforover4hours,theactionchangedtointercalationirreversiblepattern.Accordingtotheseobservations,theauthorsinferthatCEinteractswithDNAintwoways-directlyandindirectly.Theindirectaction,especiallyinlowconcentr

简介：Objective:TolookforthefurtherevidenceforHPVL1HPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVascarcinogenicfactorsinlaryngealcarcinoma.Method:weexaminedrepresentativenumbersofspecimensfromlaryngealcancerwithhighlysensitivePCRtechniqueforthepresenceofHPVL1andhigh-risktypesHPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVLMP1.Results:UsingPCRdetection,7.3%sampleswereHPVL1positive,52.03%wereHPV16E6positive,30.89%wereHPV18E6positiveand9.13%wereEBVLMP1positive.ThelowincidenceofHPVL1andhighincidenceofHPV-16E6andHPV18E6genessuggestthatHPVmightbeintegratedintotumorcells.OurresultssupportaroleofHPV-16andHPV-18infectioninthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinomainChina.Conclusion:IntegrationofE6intohostgenomeandstableexpressionofthesegenesmaybeassociatedwiththecarcinogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.HPV-16andHPV-18maysynergisticallyfunctiononthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.Ourresultssuggestanassociationoflaryngealcarcinogenesisandinfectionwiththehigh-riskHPVtypes16,HPV18andEBV.

简介：Cancercellsdifferfromnormalcellsinvariousparameters,andthesedifferencesarecausedbygenomicmutationsandconsequentialalteredgeneexpression.Thegeneticandfunctionalheterogeneityoftumorcellsisamajorchallengeincancerresearch,detection,andeffectivetreatment.Assuch,theuseofdiagnosticmethodsisimportanttorevealthisheterogeneityatthesingle-celllevel.Dropletmicrofluidicdevicesareeffectivetoolsthatprovideexceptionalsensitivityforanalyzingsinglecellsandmolecules.Inthisreview,wehighlighttwonovelmethodsthatemploydropletmicrofluidicsforultrasensitivedetectionofnucleicacidsandproteinmarkersincancercells.Wealsodiscussthefuturepracticalapplicationsofthesemethods.

简介：表观遗传学的研究表明，脑肿瘤细胞中某些基因的高甲基化可以用来标记肿瘤预后，甲基化后的沉默产物可作为化疗反应的生物标记分子，而对DNA甲基化抑制剂的研究已成为肿瘤治疗的新方向。总之，在脑肿瘤的发生和发展中。DNA甲基化起着重要的作用。本文总结了肿瘤甲基化方面的最新进展。

简介：TheDNAcontentandmorphometricfeaturesofhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)andlivercelldysplasia(LCD),includingnucleararea,nuclearperimeter,nuclearmaximumdiameterandnuclearcirclediameter,werequantitativelydeterminedbymeansofimageanalysistechnology.Theresultsshowedthatincomparisonwithnormalhepatocytes,LCDhadamarkedlyincreasedDNAcontentandnuclearmorphometricparameters,butthevalueswerelowerthanthoseforHCC.LCDshowedaslightincreaseinnuclearatypiarepresentedbythenuclearirregularindex,whichwasalsolessthanHCC.ThefindingsindicatethatLCDmaybeaprecaneerouslesionofHCC,tothecellsinanabnormalproliferativestate.

简介：Rat-1cellsweretransfectedwithDNAfromhumanesophagealcancer2K,4K,6K,7K.8K.Thetransformingfociwereobtainedandthetransformingcelllineswereestablished.Thecelllinescanformlargercolonyinsoftagar.Thosenudemiceinjectedsubcutaneouslywiththecellssufferedfromlargerfibroussarcoma.Thisindicatesthatthecelllineshavecarcinogenicity.TheexperimentalresultssuggestthathumanDNAsequenceandhumanHa-rasspecial616Kb(BamHI)bandarepresentintheDNAofthetransformingcells.Theover-expressionofrasgeneproductsP21werefoundinthetissuesofexophagealcancer,thetissuesadjacenttotumorandthetransformingcells.

简介：Objective:Theelevatedincidenceofobesityhasbeenparalleledwithhigherrisksofbreastcancer.Highadiposityincreasesleptinsecretionfromadiposetissue,whichinturnincreasescancercellproliferation.Theinterplaybetweenleptinandestrogenisoneofthemechanismsthroughwhichleptininfluencesbreastcarcinogenesis.Anunbalancedestrogenmetabolismincreasestheformationsofcatecholestrogenquinones,DNAadducts,andcancermutations.ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheeffectofleptinonsomeestrogenmetabolicenzymesandDNAadductioninbreastcancercells.Methods:Highperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC)wasperformedtoanalyzetheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Reportergeneassay,realtimereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(realtimeRT-PCR),andWesternblotwereusedtoassesstheexpressionofestrogenmetabolizinggenesandenzymes:CytochromeP-4501B1(CYP1B1),Nicotinamideadeninedinucleotidephosphate-quinoneoxidoreductase1(NQO1),andCatechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT).Results:LeptinsignificantlyincreasedtheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Furthermore,leptinsignificantlyupregulatedCYP1B1promoteractivityandproteinexpression.TheluciferasepromoteractivitiesofNQO1andmRNAlevelsweresignificantlyreduced.Moreover,leptingreatlyreducedthereporteractivitiesoftheCOMT-P1andCOMT-P2promotersanddiminishedtheproteinexpressionofCOMT.Conclusions:LeptinincreasesDNAadductlevelsinbreastcancercellspartlybyaffectingkeygenesandenzymesinvolvedinestrogenmetabolism.Thus,increasedfocusshouldbedirectedtowardleptinanditseffectsontheestrogenmetabolicpathwayasaneffectiveapproachagainstbreastcancer.

简介：DuckhepatitisBvims(DHBV)DNAwasdetectedindifferenttumorousnodulesofduckswithhepaticmulticentriccancerorintrahepaticmetastasisbySouthernblottechnique.Among7duckswithhepatocellularcarcinomaofmultipletumornodules,thehybridizationpatternofIntegratedDHBVDNAIndifferenttumorousnoduleswasidenticalin3casesanddifferentin2cases.OnecaseshowedasimilarhybridizationpatternintwotumorousnodulesandotheronewasnegativetorDHBVDNA.IntegratedDHBVDNAwasalsoidentifiedinametastaticlungcancerofduckswithhepatocellularcarcinoma.Thehybridizationpatternofmetastasisoflungswasasthesomeasthatinprimaryhepatocellularcarcinoma.ThesamediscretehybridizationbandsInthedifferenttumorousnodulesindicatethatthesenodulesmightarisefromonetransformedcell.ThedifferenthybridizationpatternsInvarioustumorousnodulesshowthatthesetumorousnodulesmightarisefromvarioustransformedcells.Theresultssuggestthatthehyb

简介：ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＲＥＶＥＲＳＡＬＯＮＩＮＨＩＢＩＴＩＮＧＤＮＡＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＣＬＯＮＡＬＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＨＬ－６０ＣＥＬＬＳＷＩＴＨＨＹＰＥＲＴＨＥＲＭＩＡＣｈｅｎＸｉｅｑｕｎ；ＳｈｅｎＳｕｙｕｎ；ＨｕＳｈｅｎｇｈｕｉ；ＷｕＢ...

简介：一项新的研究发现，在行食管切除术的食管癌患者中，循环血液中DNA水平可能有助于衡量切除的完整性，以判断是否存在残余肿瘤或早期复发。

简介：ＵＳＩＮＧ３ＰＲＩＭＥＲＰＡＩＲＳＴＯＤＥＴＥＣＴＨＢＶＤＮＡＩＮＬＩＶＥＲＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＦＲＯＭＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＳＷＩＴＨＰＣＲ　ＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＣｈｅｎＭｉｎｇ陈明；ＬｕＬｉｎｇ吕凌；ＹａｏＪｉｌｕ姚集鲁；Ｐｅｎｇ...

简介：ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＳＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＫＩ－６７ＳＣＯＲＥ，ＤＮＡＩＮＤＥＸ，ＡＮＤＨＩＳＴＯＬＯＧＩＣＧＲＡＤＥＩＮＳＯＦＴＴＩＳＳＵＥ　ＳＡＲＣＯＭＡＳＷａｎｇｙａｎｏｎｇ王亚农；ＳｈｉＤａｒｅｎ施达仁；ＳｈｅｎＺ...

简介：目的：探讨胸腔积液中细胞DNA的含量分析对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法：46例胸腔积液患者，分为恶性和良性两组，采用全自动细胞DNA定量分析系统测定胸腔积液细胞DNA的含量，同时检测癌胚抗原（CEA）。结果：对于恶性胸腔积液，全自动细胞DNA分析诊断的敏感性为58．3％，特异性为100．0％，准确性78．3％，而CEA分别为54．2％、81．8％和67．4％。如两项指标中任何一项阳性，诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为87．5％，81．8％和84．8％；两项指标同时阳性，特异性可达100．0％。结论：全自动细胞DNA定量分析对胸腔积液的鉴别有重要的临床参考价值，联合胸腔积液的CEA检测，可以提高诊断的有效性。

简介：分支链DNA信号放大技术（bDNA）是一种基于探针杂交信号放大的检测系统，无需对mRNA纯化和反转录即可对mRNA做精确的定量检测，有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、准确性好和结果稳定可靠等优点，具有良好的临床科研应用价值。本文就bDNA技术的原理及其在CMV、HBV、HCV和HIV等病毒定量检测、基因表达分析以及肿瘤基因分析等方面的应用作一介绍。

简介：回盲部是胃肠道相对短的一段，但回盲部既可受所有胃肠系统疾病侵犯，也可被该区域特有的疾病累及。这些疾病包括良恶性肿瘤，炎性病变和其它疾病。回盲部各种组成部分是如此紧邻，以至上述疾病常累及一个以上解剖结构，因此诊断困难。对各种征象以及伴发表现的评价有助于缩小鉴别诊断范围。多排螺旋CT被认为是评价回盲部疾病最佳的影像检查方法。因此，熟悉回盲部疾病谱的多排螺旋CT的表现，有助于诊断正确和治疗恰当。

简介：目的探讨在食管癌术后早期应用螺旋型鼻肠管肠内营养是否能改善患者营养状态及防治并发症。方法376例食管癌患者术中置螺旋型鼻肠管，术后48h予以早期肠内营养（EN）；术前、术后监测患者的血色素、血浆白蛋白水平，统计胃肠道不良反应、并发症发生情况。结果应用螺旋型鼻肠管有一定的恶心呕吐、腹胀、腹泻发生率，经改进方法后得以改善；患者术前、术后在血浆白蛋白、血色素上差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论螺旋型鼻肠管肠内营养可改善食管癌患者术后营养状态。

简介：

简介：目的：探讨小汗腺螺旋腺癌的诊断和治疗方法。方法：报道1例右下肢小汗腺螺旋腺癌,探讨小汗腺螺旋腺癌的诊治。结果：患者为67岁老年女性,因发现右下肢肿块进行性增大就诊,2015年6月4日手术切除病灶,术后病理确诊为小汗腺螺旋腺癌。患者术后全身PET/CT提示右髂血管旁及右侧腹股沟淋巴结转移,术后尝试＂mFOLFOX＂方案化疗。但患者分别于2015年8月31日及2015年12月23日因发现肿瘤局部复发而行减瘤手术。术后患者因体质弱,未再继续行抗肿瘤治疗,行最佳对症支持治疗,于2016年7月21日死亡。结论：小汗腺螺旋腺癌临床表现常缺乏特异性,需由组织病理确诊,大范围手术切除是其首选治疗方式,目前仍无公认的化放疗方法,预后极差,生存期短。

简介：放射治疗是胸部肿瘤治疗中最重要的手段之一，但胸部肿瘤的放射治疗由于受呼吸、心博因素的影响，在常规放疗时代难以确保射线的精确投射，进而带来明显的不良反应，限制了其发展。以螺旋断层放疗系统（TOMO）为代表的最新一代精确放疗系统，可通过螺旋照射、图像引导放疗（IGRT）及自适应放疗（ART）等新技术的应用，在提高放疗精确性的同时，减少正常组织的放射损伤，从而突破了放射治疗在胸部肿瘤治疗中的“瓶颈”，为胸部肿瘤的放疗翻开了崭新的一页。