简介:大跨度钢筋混凝土拱桥以其优异的刚度和应变力,在铁路桥梁建设中应用的越来越多。为确保桥梁设计的耐久性,减少和防止环境及气候条件对桥梁表面的腐蚀,需对其表面进行油漆的喷涂,但目前没有所消耗材料的定额。故此文以沪昆客运专线贵州段跨越北盘江的特大桥为例,根据喷涂施工工艺流程、喷涂施工工况和部位,来测定喷涂每平方米消耗的材料量,并通过计算得出每平方米材料的损耗量和损耗率。
简介:Theprogressofeconomicglobalization,therapidgrowthofinternationaltrade,andthemaritimetransportationhasplayedanincreasinglysignificantroleintheinternationalsupplychain.Asaresult,worldwideseaportshavesufferedfromacentralproblem,whichappearsintheformofmassiveamountsoffuelconsumedandexhaustgasfumesemittedfromtheshipswhileberthed.Manyportshavetakenthenecessaryprecautionstoovercomethisproblem,whileothersstillsufferduetothepresenceoftechnicalandfinancialconstraints.Inthispaper,thebarriers,interconnectionstandards,rules,regulations,powersources,andeconomicandenvironmentalanalysisrelatedtoships,shore-sidepowerwerestudiedineffortstofindasolutiontoovercomehisproblem.Asacasestudy,thispaperinvestigatesthepracticability,costsandbenefitsofswitchingfromonboardshipauxiliaryenginestoshore-sidepowerconnectionforhigh-speedcraftscalledAlkaherawhileberthedattheportofSafaga,Egypt.Theresultsprovidethenationalelectricitygridconceptasthebesteconomicalselectionwith49.03percentofannualcostsaving.Moreover,environmentally,itcouldachieveanannualreductioninexhaustgasemissionsofCO2,CO,NOx,P.M,andSO2by276,2.32,18.87,0.825and3.84tons,respectively.
简介:基于船舶航行安全可靠的考虑,分析国内外船舶电力系统电能质量研究方法的现状,阐述电能质量研究方法,提出电能质量的评估与改善方法和技术手段.结合全电力推进船舶电力系统的特性,建立构建船舶电能质量监测评估系统,重点研究大型负载、船舶操纵及特殊工况时电网参数的影响,借助电能质量的评估与性能方法和技术手段,进行电能质量改善的仿真研究.