简介:摘要:由于国标对精制柴油的产品质量中硫含量有了更高的要求,所以在2#柴油加氢装置工艺中增加了真空脱水塔,采取微负压控制,对柴油出装置前进行进一步脱水脱硫,但是在实际生产过程中,对于脱水塔的负压控制值有一定的变化,且对柴油长周期运行存在一定困扰,本文从机泵设备运行、脱水塔工艺操作及精制柴油的硫含量三个方面分析了对装置长期运行的影响,制定保证2#柴油加氢装置长周期运行措施,实现未来2#柴油加氢装置四年一检修的重要目标。
简介:Theeffectofλ/2SiO2overcoatonthelaserdamagecharacteristicsofHfO2/SiO2high-reflector(HR)coatingsisinvestigatedwith1-on-1andN-on-1laserdamagetestmethods.Thelaserdamagesurfaceof1-on-1isanalyzedbyastepanalyzer.ThesurfacemorphologiesshowthatlaserdamagemakesthecoatingdamagedareaprotrudentandroughforHRcoatingwithoutλ/2silicaovercoat,butconcaveandsmoothforHRcoatingwithλ/2silicaovercoat.Theresultof10-on-1multi-pulseirradiationonthesamepointofthecoatingshowsthatthereisanenergydensitystageonthedamagecurve.Ifthelaserenergydensityiswithintherangeofthestage,HfO2/SiO2HRcoatingswithλ/2silicaovercoatwillnotbedamagedmorethan2timesformulti-shots,andthesurfacedamagesareveryslightsothatthereisnoimpactonthecoatingperformance.Anotherinterestingresultisthattheenergydensitystageextendsfromthedamagethresholdtothepointofabout3timesofthreshold,whichissimilartotheeffectofthelaserconditiononcoating.
简介:建立了一种可靠的测定咸味食品香精中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)方法。考察了不同提取溶剂对香精中3-MCPD的提取效率;采用佛罗里硅土固相萃取柱净化样品,考察了不同比例的乙酸乙酯-正己烷淋洗液对3-MCPD回收率的影响,以及用七氟丁酸酐衍生时温度对产率的影响。本方法在1.0~10000μg/L的浓度范围内,3-MCPD有较好的线性关系,相关系数r〉0.99。通过对不同类型的香精空白样品进行添加回收实验,精密度实验考察方法的可行性。3-MCPD的平均回收率介于89.4%~103%之间,相对标准偏差介于1.17%~4.33%。方法检出限为1.0μg/kg;定量限为5.0μg/kg。
简介:Thenonlinearswitchingcharacteristicsoffusedfiberdirectionalcouplerswerestudiedexperimentally.Byusingfemtosecondlaserpulseswithpulsewidthof100fsandwavelengthofabout1550nmfromasystemofTi:sapphirelaserandopticalparametricamplifier(OPA),thenonlinearswitchingpropertiesofanullcoupleranda100%couplerweremeasured.Theexperimentalresultswerecoincidentwiththesimulationsbasedonnonlinearpropagationequationsinfiberbyusingsuper-modetheory.Nonlinearlossinfiberwasalsomeasuredtogettheinjectedpoweratthecoupler.Afterdeductingthenonlinearlossandinputefficiency,thenonlinearswitchingcriticalpeakpowersfora100%andanullfusedcouplerswerecalculatedtobe9410and9440W,respectively.ThenonlinearlossparameterPNinanexpressionofαNL=αP/PNwasobtainedtobePN=0.23W.
简介:Thepotentialenergycurves(PECs)ofBOmolecule,includingΣ+andΠsymmetrieswithdoubletspinmultiplicities,areobtainedemployingmulti-referenceconfigurationinteraction(MRCI)methodandDunning'scorrelationconsistentbasissets.Theanalyticalpotentialenergyfunctions(APEFs)arefittedusingtheMurrell-Sorbie(MS)functionandtheleastsquaremethod.BasedonthePECs,thespectroscopicconstantsofthestateshavebeendeterminedandcomparedwiththetheoreticalandexperimentalresultsavailabletoaffirmtheaccuracyandliabilityofthecalculations.Theroot-mean-square(RMS)errorsbetweenthefittedresultsandtheabinitiovaluesaretoolittleincomparisonwiththechemicalaccuracy(349.755cm-1).ItisshownthatthepresentAPEFsareaccurateandcandisplaytheinteractionbetweentheatomswell.ThepresentAPEFscanbeusedtoconstructmorecomplicatedAPEFordosomedynamicinvestigations.
简介:Usingamicrowavegenerator,chlorinedilutedbyheliumwasdissociatedtochlorineatomsthatsubse-quentlyreactedwithhydrogenazidetoproducetheexcitedstatesofNCl(a1△).Meanwhile,moleculariodinewithcarriergasofheliumreactedwithatomicchlorinetoproduceatomiciodinewhichthenwaspumpedtoexcitedstateofI(2P1/2)byanenergytransferreactionfromNCl(a1△).Inthispaper,thechangesofNCl(a1△)andNCl(bi∑)emissionintensityispresentedwhenI2/HeisintroducedintothestreamofCl/Cl2/He/HN3/NCl(a1△)/NCl(b1∑).ThedependencesofatomiciodineI(2P1/2)onflowratesofgaseswerealsoinvestigated.TheoptimumparametersforI(2P1/2)productionaregiven.