简介：<正>所谓3S技术即GPS、GIS、RS技术。GPS(全球定位系统)是英文缩写词NAVSTAR/GPS(NAVigationSystemTimeAndRanging/GlobalPositioningSystem)的简称。全称应为“测时测距导航系统/全球定位系统”。GPS是由美国研制,并投入实际应用的最新卫星定位系统。其主要目的是为飞机和船舶导航定位。也可以用于其它多种目的。GPS技术已在航空、航天、航海、军事、地质、石油、勘探、交通、测绘等领域得到广泛的应用。美国于1993年6月26日已将GPS21颗卫星和3颗备用卫星全部发射入轨。

简介：ＡｐｐｅｎｄｉｘＡ：Ｔｈｅｄｅｒｉｖａｔｉｏｎｏｆｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎ（４）ＩｎＦｏｕｒｉｅｒｄｏｍａｉｎ，ｄ２（ｘ）＝２ｘ２ｉｓｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍａｔｅｄｉｎｔｏｄ２（ｋｘ）＝－ｋ２ｘ（Ａ１）Ｗｈｅｎｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎ（３）ｉｓｎｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌｙｃ...

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简介：　　Introduction　　Withrapiddevelopmentandadvancementofeconomyandsociety,lotsofcitygroupsorcitybeltswithex-tra-largecitiesastheircentershavebeenformedinChina.Theregionsthesecitygroupslieinusuallyhavewell-developedeconomy,densepopulation,andareregionalpoliticsandculturecenters.Somegroupslieintheregionswithhighlevelofearthquakeactivity,suchastheSurroundingCapitalCityGroupwiththecentersofBei-jingandTianjin.Oncealargeearthquakeoccurs,itsinfluencewillspreadtoveryextensiveregionanditsdisasterwillbetremendoustoo.Soearthquakeresistanceanddisastermitigationofcitygroupwillbeverysignificantissue.Thecitiesinagrouphaveclosedistancewitheachother;theycancarryoutunifiedpreparationfordisasterasonewholeandreducetheheavyloadofsinglecitybeforeanearthquake,andhaveanadvantageofpromptmutual-aidafteranearthquakebecauseofclosedistance.Itisespeciallysignificanttomitigatetheloseoflives.Oneimportantpreconditionisthatallthecitiesinonegroupcannotbeexposedtothesamelevelofdestroyduringoneearth-quake.Sothedivisionofcitygroupintheregionwithdensecitiesdistributionshallbeverysignificanttotheemergentmutual-aidinearlytimeafteralargeearthquake.Forthisgoal,thecharacteristicsandcorrelativityofearthquake′simpactoncitiesinonegroupneedtoclearlybeconsidered.Thecitieswithsimilarfeaturesandstrongcorrelativityofhistoricalearthquakeinfluencehavelargechancetosuffersameleveldestroyduringthefuturestrongearthquakeandaredisadvantagetoprovidemutual-aidandshallnotbedividedintoonegroup.　　……

简介：河的健康生活是对他们的生活条件的描述，并且它也与人的社会是对河的功能和关系的一个全面评价。Throughanalyzing人和河生态系统，连续流动，为水的安全的河隧道和沉积交通，好水质，持续的河生态系统和给水能力的要求被认为是健康黄河的符号。最小量，最大的洪水排出能力，满满的分泌物，泛滥平原的横向的斜坡，水质度，沼泽地区域，水的生态系统，和给水能力，总共八量的指示物被放作为健康黄河的符号，并且他们的相应标准redetermined基于有历史的水文学数据和1956-2004的观察数据的分析。

简介：ThestudiesonthestructureandphysicalpropertiesoftheEarth'sinteriordonebyChinesegeophysicistsfrom1999to2002werereviewedinthispaper.Itincludesseveralresearchareas:thestructureoftheEarth'sinteriorsusingseismictomography,anisotropyoftheuppermantleinChinaanditsadjacentareas,qualityfactorQβforSwaves,subductionzone,mantlediscontinuities,physicalpropertiesofEarth'smaterialsandothers.Thereviewconcernsmainlythecontents,themethodsandtheresultsofthestudies.ItcanbeseenthatnewprogressinthestudyonthestructureandphysicalpropertiesoftheEarth'sinteriorhasbeenmadeinthelast4yearsinChina.Itisshownonthreeaspects:advancementmadeonsomepreexistentareas;pioneeringonsomenewfieldsandnewmethodsadopted.

简介：TheanalysesoflighthydrocarbonsinoilsfromtheTarimBasinshowthattheMango'sparameterKisaboutunityexceptthoseoilstrappedintheeasternpartoftheTazhong(CentralTarim)FaultUplift,TheregularvarianceofKmayindicatestheaccumulationandadmixtureoftheoilpopulationsintheeasternpartoftheTazhongFaultUplift.

简介：First,Wirsching＇smodel,whichiswidelyemployedinfatiguereliabilityanlysisofmarineandoffshorestructures,isanalysedsystematically.Itisfoundthattheveryimportantrandomvariable△inWirsching＇smodelcannotbedirectlydeterminedfromfatigueexperimentbecauseoftheirreversibilityoffatiguetest,andinfact,whatWirschingstudiedfromtestingresultsisnot△butαofthestatisticalMiner＇srule.Second,byuseofthestatisticalMiner＇srule,amodifiedWirsching＇smodelisproposed.Thirdlyandmoreimportantly,basedonthetwo-dimensionalprobabilisticMiner＇srule,anewmodelisestablishedforfatiguereliabilityanalysisofstructuralcomponentssubjectedtospecifiedcyclicloadingofvariableamplitudeorstochastictimehistory.Intheend,anexampleispresented,fromwhichitwillbeseenthatthisnewmodelisveryconvenienttouseandfeasibletoengineeringpractice.

简介：TheimpactsofclimatechangeonChina'sagriculturearemeasuredbasedonRicardianmodel.Byusingcounty-levelcross-sectionaldataonagriculturalnetrevenue,climate,andothereconomicandgeographicaldatafor1275agriculture-dominatedcountiesintheperiodof1985-1991,wefindthatbothhighertemperatureandmoreprecipitationwillhaveoverallpositiveimpactonChina'sagriculture.However,theimpactsvaryseasonallyandregionally.Highertemperatureinallseasonsexceptspringincreasesagriculturalnetrevenuewhilemoreprecipitationisbeneficialinwinterbutisharmfulinsummer.Applyingthemodeltofiveclimatescenariosinthe2020sand2050sshowsthattheNorth,theNortheast,theNorthwest,andtheQinghai-TibetPlateauwouldalwaysbenefitfromclimatechangewhiletheSouthandtheSouthwestmaybenegativelyaffected.FortheEastandtheCentralChina,mostscenariosshowthattheymaybenefitfromclimatechange.Inconclusion,climatechangewouldbebeneficialtothewholeChina.

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简介：人类生存的地球已有49亿年历史，记录地质年代的全球地层年表，如同年、月、日一样，依次分为宙、代、系、统、阶5个不同层次。为了在全球范围内进行地球演化时代对比，需要选择一些典型的地层剖面和位置点作为划分全球各时代地层的统一标准，国际上通常将其称为“金钉子”。它的确立是地层学研究的一项极高科学荣誉。

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简介：BasedonChina’sobservationaldatain1951-1990,afterminimizingthepossiblebiasescausedbystationrelocationandurbanheatisland,thespatialandtemporaldistributionsoftrendsformaximumandminimumtemperaturesarestudied.Theresultsshowthatincreasingtrendsofmaximumtemperaturesareintheareaswestto95°E,andnorthtotheHuanghe(Yellow)River,whiledecreasingtrendsexistineasternChinasouthtotheYellowRiver.MinimumtemperaturesaregenerallyincreasingthroughoutChina,withdominantwarmingtrendsatthehigherlatitudes.Thisresultedinveryobviousdecreasingtrendsindiurnaltemperatureranges.Theperiodiccyclesareconsistentbetweenthemaximumandminimumtemperatures,butasymmetrictrendsareveryobvious.Thesignificantincreaseofminimum(nighttime)temperaturesreflectstheevidenceofenhancementofgreenhouseeffect.Furtheranalysisshowsthatthechangesofmaximumandminimumtemperaturesaremainlyrelatedtosunshinedurationandatmosphericwatervaporcontent.

简介：为测定震源机制及对S波射线做切线,描绘出S波波场是很有用的。就单力偶来说,S波射线的切线已知是些公共直径同运动矢量相一致的大圆。就双力偶来说,它们的几何要复杂些。本文我们介绍它们的方程及从中导出的一些重要特性。根据这些特性,在极射赤投影图上可直接做出这些切线。对于这组分析,我们给出单力偶情况下,S波射线切线的方程及从它推出已知的特性,它表明两种情况下随后的推论是精确的。就双力偶情况,我们还加了一个描绘这些线的极射赤投影绘制过程的附录。

简介：介绍了基于B／S结构的网上考试系统应用于气象部门的理论研究，并分析了系统总体结构，提供了一种应用SQL数据库以及ASP编程实现的网络考试系统，详细阐述了科目管理、随机生成试卷等模块的设计与实现，以及相关数据库表的结构。

简介：<正>ONSOUTHERNSTRETCHOPTHES-NTECTONICBELT,CHINAChenGuanghaoandWeiZhoulin(ChangshaInstituteofGeotectonic,AcademiaSinica,Changsha,410013,Hunan,China)S-Ntectonicbelt,southstretching,boundingbeltItcanbeinferredfromthegeophysicaldata,linearstructures,tectonicevolu-tionhistoryandmetallogenythattheS-NtectonicBeltstretchesfurthersouthinadifferentdi-rectionandmannerafterinterceptedbytheRedRiverFault,Thestretchingsegmentistheim-portanttectonicboundaryinIndo-AsiaandassiminlatestheS-Ntectonicbeltwithsomediffer-ences.

简介：选取三江平原典型沼泽湿地——毛苔草沼泽，通过人工施加氮肥和磷肥来模拟农田污水排入沼泽湿地后，沼泽植物对污水的净化效果。从植物营养吸收角度进行野外实地污水净化模拟研究，对植物直接吸收利用的营养成分NH4^+-N、PO4^3--P进行了测试分析。研究表明毛苔草沼泽对水中的NH4^+-N、PO4^3--P的净化随时间的推移呈现明显的指数衰减下降趋势，随着氮、磷含量的增加，沼泽湿地对污水净化逐渐变慢，净化所需时间增长，曲线数值方程模拟效果较好。

简介：ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｎｏｎｌｉｎｅａｒＲ／ＳｍｅｔｈｏｄａｎｄｉｔｓｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｉｏｎＢｉ－ＱｕａｎＷＡＮＧ（王碧泉）；Ｈａｎ－ＭｉｎｇＨＵＡＮＧ（黄汉明）；Ｈｏｎｇ－ＳｈｕｎＦＡＮ（范洪顺）；Ｃｈｕｅｎ...