简介:AIM:Tocomparetheregularityandaccuracyoflaserinsitukeratomileusis(LASIK)flapscreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDV'Classic'(Ziemer'Classic')andZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaser(ZiemerCrystalLine).METHODS:Fourier-domainopticalcoherencetomography(RTVueOCT)wasusedtomeasurethemorphologyof200LASIKflapsof100consecutivepatientscreatedwiththeZiemerClassic(100flaps)ortheZiemerCrystalLine(100flaps)atoneweekpostoperatively.Flapthicknesswasevaluatedat36specifiedmeasurementpointsoneachflap.Forallprocedureswithbothlasers,thenominalflapthicknesswas110μm.RESULTS:ThemeanflapthicknessoftheZiemerCrystalLinegroup(102.49±2.68μm)wasthinnerthanthatoftheZiemerClassicgroup(107.65±5.09μm)(P<0.01).Averagethicknessofallflapswasuniformwithin4μmatallmeasurementpoints.TheflapsintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupweremoreregularthanthoseintheZiemerClassicgroupwhenmeasuredfromthecentertotheperiphery.Themaximumdeviationfromthenominal110μmof36measurementswas8μmintheZiemerClassicgroup,whileintheZiemerCrystalLinegroupitwas9μm.Withinthe3600measurementsonthe100eyes,differencesgreaterthan20μmwereobserved0.14%intheZiemerClassicgroup,and0.04%intheZiemerCrystalLinegroup.CONCLUSION:TheflapscreatedwiththeZiemerFEMTOLDVCrystalLinefemtosecondlaseraremoreuniformandthinnerthanthosecreatedbytheZiemerFEMTOLDVClassicfemtosecondlaser.
简介:目的分析眼眶神经鞘瘤的计算机体层摄影(computedtomography,CT)和磁共振成像(magneticresonanceimaging,MRI)表现,并探讨其在诊断和鉴别诊断中的价值。方法回顾性分析经手术和病理证实34例眼眶神经鞘瘤,其中CT扫描26例,MRI检查4例,CT加MRI检查4例。结果27例肿块位于肌锥内,7例位于肌锥外,多呈椭圆形和类圆形。CT平扫为等密度,多数密度均匀,增强后不均匀强化。MRI表现为肿瘤T1WI呈等或略低信号,T2WI呈中高信号,肿瘤囊变区T1WI呈低信号,T2WI呈高信号,增强后瘤体实质部分呈均匀强化,而囊变部分不强化。结论CT与MRI均能显示眼眶内的肿块,MRI对神经鞘瘤诊断及鉴别诊断的准确性优于CT。
简介:胆脂瘤是由一种能产生角蛋白的鳞状上皮聚集于中耳、上鼓室、乳突、岩尖而形成的,在中耳表现为独立生长、代替中耳黏膜、吸收骨质的三维上皮结构。它不是一种肿瘤,但对患者有潜在的危险。1829年,法国Cruveilhier首先描述多中心的白色“tumeursperlees”(瘤株),1838年,Miiller第一个使用“cholesteatoma”(胆脂瘤)这一术语来描述颅内角化物的堆积。1922年,Cushing提出先天性胆脂瘤的可能起源,1953年,House报道了经典的鼓膜完整的中耳胆脂瘤。事实上,胆脂瘤是一种良性的角化上皮细胞囊,由3种成分组成:囊内容、基质、基质外层。
简介:本期开始介绍鼓室体瘤的影像学和临床表现.鼓室体瘤属于颈静脉-鼓室副神经节瘤(glomusjugularetympanicumparaganglioma),也即颈静脉球瘤的一种,后者还包括颈静脉球体瘤.因起源于鼓室内与迷走神经耳支(Arnoldnerve)或舌咽神经鼓室支(Jacobsonnerve)伴行的副神经节组织,故称为副神经节瘤(paraganglioma),多见于中下鼓室,上鼓室少见.肿瘤可以扩展超过中耳界限,但一般不侵犯颈静脉球.光镜下将鼓室体瘤细胞分为二型:Ⅰ型细胞为神经内分泌颗粒细胞,巢状结构;Ⅱ型细胞为支持细胞.鼓室体瘤中有丰富的毛细血管网.
简介:AIM:Topresenttheoutcomeofmodifiedgridlaserphotocoagulation(GLP)indiffusediabeticmacularedema(DDME)ineyeswithoutextrafovealand/orvitreofovealtraction.METHODS:InclusioncriteriafortheretrospectivestudywereDDMEeyesofpatientswithtypeⅡdiabetesmellitusthathad≥4monthsoffollow-upfollowingGLP.Onlyoneeyeperpatientwasanalyzed.Using3-Dspectral-domainopticalcoherencetomography(3-DSDOCT),eyesthathadeitherextrafovealorvitreofovealtraction,orhadbeenpreviouslytreatedbyanintravitrealmedication(s)wereexcluded.TreatedDDMEeyesweredividedinto4groups:A)'Classic'DDMEthatinvolvedthecentralmacula;B)edemadidnotinvolvethemacularcenter;C)eyesassociatedwithcentralepiretinalmembrane(ERM);D)DDMEthatwasassociatedwithmacularcapillarydropout≥2disc-diameter(DD).RESULTS:GLPoutcomein35DDMEeyesafter4-24(mean,13.1±6.9)monthswasasfollows:GroupA)18eyeswith'classic'DDME.Followingoneor2(mean,1.2)GLPtreatments,best-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)improvedby1-2Snellenlinesin44.4%(8/18)ofeyes,andworsenedby1linein11.1%(2/18).Centralmacularthickness(CMT)improvedby7%-49%(mean,26.6%)in77.8%(14/18)ofeyes.CausesofCMTworsening(n=4)werecommonlyexplainable,predominantly(n=3)associatedwithemergenceofextrafovealtraction,5-9monthspost-GLP.GroupB)GLP(s)inDDMEthatdidnotinvolvethemacularcenter(n=6)resultedinimprovedBCVAby1-2linesin2eyes.However,thecentralmaculabecameinvolvedintheedemaprocessaftertheGLPin3(50%)eyes,associatedwithanemergenceofextrafovealtractioninoneoftheseeyes4monthsfollowingtheGLP.GroupC)GLPfailedinall5eyesassociatedwithcentralERM.GroupD)GLPwasofpartialbenefitin2of6treatedeyeswithmacularcapillarydropout≥2DD.CONCLUSION:EyeswithDDMEthatinvolvedthemacularcenterwerefoundtoachievefavourableoutcomesafterGLP(s)duringmid-termfollow-up,unlesscomplicatedpre-GLPorpost-GLPbyvltreoretinalinterfaceabnormalities,oftenextrafovealtra
简介:AIM:ToevaluatethecornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphologyinChinesepatientswithpseudoexfoliationsyndrome(PEX).·METHODS:Medicalrecordsof16patients(20eyes)withPEXwhopresentedtoourinstitutionbetweenJuly2008andJune2010wereretrospectivelyreviewed.Thirteeneyeshadcombinedglaucoma.Theinformationoffiveapparentlynormalfelloweyesinthesepatientswasalsorecorded.Lefteyesof20patientswithbilateralsenilecataractsbutnoothereyediseasewereincludedascontrols.Specularmicroscopywasperformedinalleyestoanalyzeforcornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphology.Celldensity,coefficientofvariationincellsize,andpercentageofhexagonalcellsincornealendotheliumwereevaluated.·RESULTS:ThemeancornealendothelialcelldensityinthePEXeyeswas2298±239cells/mm2,significantlylowerthanthatinthecataracteyes(2652±18cells/mm2,P=0.026),buttherewerenosignificantdifferencesincoefficientofvariationofcellsizeandfrequencyofhexagonalitybetweenthesetwogroups.NosignificantdifferencesinthethreeparameterswerefoundbetweentheapparentlynormalfelloweyesandthePEXeyesorthecataracteyes,orbetweenthePEXeyeswithandwithoutglaucoma.·CONCLUSION:CornealendothelialcelldensitymaydecreaseinChinesepatientswithPEX.ThedevelopmentofglaucomainPEXeyesdoesnotseemtoberelatedwiththechangeincornealendothelialcelldensityormorphology.
简介:目的通过对上海市北新泾社区糖尿病患者眼部病变的流行病学调查,了解糖尿病患者盲与低视力的情况。方法对上海市长宁区北新泾社区糖尿病患者进行视力损伤眼病的流行病学调查,内容包括:问卷调查询问一般状况和生活习惯;全身情况的检查:血压、血糖;眼部检查:日常生活视力、小孔镜视力、裂隙灯检查、眼底镜检查、自动验光仪验光、免散瞳眼底照相机眼底照相。结果应有590人进行调查,实际调查共535人,其中盲的患病率为1.12%,低视力的患病率为9.91%。导致盲的首要病因是糖尿病视网膜病变,其次是白内障和其他视网膜病变,导致低视力首要病因是白内障,其次是屈光不正和糖尿病视网膜病变。结论北新泾地区糖尿病患者防盲工作重点是糖尿病视网膜病变、白内障以及屈光不正的防治。
简介:糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabeticretinopathy,DR)是糖尿病微血管病变在眼部的表现,是〈75岁成年人的首要致盲眼病。定期随访检查糖尿病患者的眼底及控制血糖、血压、血脂都有助于降低因视网膜病变而致失明的发生率,但其机制仍不明确。蛋白质组学及其相关技术的发展为蛋白质水平上研究DR的病理生理机制提供了强有力手段,该技术可以一次性研究大量蛋白质。比较蛋白质组学研究结果表明DR并不是由单一蛋白质启动的疾病,而是多种蛋白质共同参与的病理过程。目前,绝大多数鉴定出的差异性蛋白质其功能都不太明确,而且各蛋白质之间存在着复杂的网络调节关系。我们就其在DR蛋白质组学方面的研究进展作一综述。
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheepidemiologic,anatomic,andclinicalfeaturesofopenglobeinjuriesinchildren.METHODS:Themedicalfilesofpatientsundertheageof16whohadbeenoperatedforanopenglobeinjuryatAkdenizUniversityHospital’sDepartmentofOphthalmologywereretrospectivelyevaluated.RESULTS:Atotalof90patientswereevaluatedinthisstudy.Amongthesepatients,26(28.9%)werefemaleand64(71.1%)weremale.Themeanageofthepatientswas7.7±4.2years.Themale/femaleratiowasobservedtoincreasewithincreasingage(P=0.006,P=7.48).Injuriesweremostlikelytooccurinspringandautumn(P=0.028).Thetimeintervalbetweentheinjuryandthesurgicalrepairwas9.36±27.4h.Forty(44.4%)oftheinjuriesoccurredinthehome,27(30%)occurredintheyard,and21(23.3%)happenedwhileplayinginthestreet.Themostcommoncausesofinjuryweresharpmetalobjects(P<0.001).Injurytothecorneaoccurredin47(52.2%)ofthepatients(P<0.001).Themostcommoncomplicationtooccurwascataractformation.Additionaloperationswerenecessaryfor37(41.1%)ofthepatients.Thefinalvisualacuitywascorrelatedwithboththeinitialvisualacuityofthewoundedeyepriortosurgeryandthelengthofthewound(P<0.001,r=0.502andP<0.001,r=-0.442,respectively).CONCLUSION:Openglobeinjuriesthataresufferedinchildhoodgenerallyoccureitherathome,intheyard,oronthestreet,withsharpmetalobjectsbeingthemostcommoncauseofinjury.Theinitialvisualacuityandthelengthofthewoundarethemostimportantdeterminantsofthefinalvisualacuity.