简介：目的：通过临床病例探讨和研究上睑退缩的分度,及选择不同的手术方案,并观察手术治疗效果,以便对不同患者提供更加有效的治疗方案。方法：回顾性总结2000-11/2010-12上睑退缩患者98例146眼,对其病情程度进行分度及根据其分度选择不同的手术治疗,观察其手术疗效。结果：针对不同分度选择适宜的手术方法,可以有效矫正眼睑退缩。结论：眼睑退缩由于病因及眼睑退缩的程度进行分度,对不同类型患者实施个性化手术,规范眼睑退缩临床治疗路径,填补国内同种疾病的诊断和治疗方法的空白。

简介：目的探讨玻璃体的手术对复杂无晶状体眼视网膜脱离(AphakicRetinalDetachment,ARD)和人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离(PseudophakicRetinalDetachment,PPRD)(PVRC级以上)的治疗效果.方法回顾性分析78例87眼ARD和PPRD,所有病人均行玻璃体切割联合眼内填充物治疗.结果首次手术视网膜复位率为78.16%,最终视网膜复位率90.8%.视力下降11眼(12.7%),不变15眼(17.2%),提高59眼(70.1%).结论彻底的玻璃体切除加视网膜切开、视网膜前膜剥除,适当应用环扎玻璃体填充物可使复杂PPRD,ARD达到较高的视网膜复位率.但ARD、PPRD一旦发生则病情进展迅速,治疗棘手,视力预后差,应从白内障手术开始加强预防.

简介：目的：观察4种上睑下垂术式的临床效果。方法：为探讨上睑下垂术的有效治疗方法，不断改进手术方式。结果：每种手术均有其优点及并发症，提上睑肌折叠术为目前较为理想的手术方法。结论：临床实践提上睑肌折叠术与以往专家理论：提上睑肌节制韧带上每缩短3～5mm肌肤，可矫正下垂量1mm不同：在节制韧带上缘折叠提上睑肌腱膜即可提起上睑，且上睑缘正好在角膜缘上2mm，术后恢复在角膜缘处。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethetreatmentstatusandprognosisofspace-occupyinglacrimalglandlesionsatonetertiaryeyecenterinChina.·METHODS:Aretrospectiveclinicalstudywasperformedon95patientswithspace-occupyinglesionsofthelacrimalglandsurgicallytreatedattheEye&ENTHospitalofFudanUniversityfrom2003to2007.Thereviewedclinicaldataincludedage,gender,sideofthelesion,durationofsignsandsymptoms,histopathologicaldiagnosis,treatmentmodality,recurrence(local,regional,anddistantmetastasis)andsurvival.·RESULTS:Ofthe95cases(99eyes),pleomorphicadenomaswerethemostcommonlesions(43cases),followedbylymphoiddisorders(14),inflammatorypseudotumors(11),carcinomaex-pleomorphicadenomas(11),andadenoidcysticcarcinomas(ACC,6).Therewere8patientswithrelapsedpleomorphicadenomas.Fiveofthese8caseshadmalignantpathologicalchanges.AllpatientswithACChadmetastasisandthreeofthemdiedduringtheirfollow-up.·CONCLUSION:Ourstudyindicatedthatthemostcommonlacrimalglandlesionswerepleomorphicadenomas.Multiplerecurrenceandsurgicalproceduresmayincreasetheriskoftumorprogression.ACChadahighincidenceoftumormetastasisandapoorprognosis.

简介：目的探讨复方樟柳碱对外伤性上睑下垂的疗效。方法将45例外伤性上睑下垂患者随机分为两组都给予改善微循环营养神经治疗,试验组加用复方樟柳碱,观察两组的疗效。结果试验组26例,16例达治愈标准,8例好转,2例无效。对照组19例,7例达治愈标准,4例好转,8例无效。两组比较,差异有显著意义（〈0.05）。结论复方樟柳碱对于外伤性上睑下垂效果明显。

简介：目的：研究带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障，两种手术方式的治疗效果。方法：回顾性分析52眼带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障患者，采取晶状体超声粉碎技术（A组）以及小切口白内障囊外摘除（B组）不同术式的治疗效果。结果：A组术后最佳矫正视力的提高优于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；两种手术方式对中央角膜厚度的影响，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；A组手术中对角膜内皮的影响多于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；A组手术并发症的发生低于B组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：对于治疗带有Ⅲ级以上硬核的复杂性白内障，超声粉碎晶状体技术可以考虑应用。

简介：我科采用手术治疗外伤所引起的腱膜性上睑下垂患者48例，报告如下。

简介：AIM:Todeterminetheproliferativepotentialandthemaintenanceofstemcellactivityinstoredhumanlimbaltissues,andcorrelatethiswiththepreservationtime,cellviabilityandtheexpressionofstemcellmarkers.METHODS:Thirtylimbalrimsweresplitinto4partsandstoredincornealpreservationmediumat4℃for0,1,4,or7days.ThelimbalstemcellandmitoticmarkersP63,CK19,proliferatingcellnuclearantigen(PCNA),andKi67weredeterminedbyimmunohistochemicalstaining.Theproliferativepotentialoflimbalepithelialcellswasassessedbycellviability,theabilityofgeneratingstratifiedepithelium,andcolonyformingassay.RESULTS:Thestoredtissuesmaintainedlimbalstratifiedstructureto7daysandexhibitedcomparableexpressionlevelofstemcellandmitoticmarkers.Theproportionofviablecellsdecreasedwiththeprolongedpreservationtime,whilecolonyformingefficiencydecreasedfromthe1stdayanddisappearedatthe4thday.Wheninoculatedonamnioticmembrane,thecellspreservedfor1dayformedastratifiedepithelium,whilethecellsfrom4days’preservationformedadiscontinuouslayer.CONCLUSION:Thecolonyformingefficiencyoflimbalepithelialstem/progenitorcellsdecreasedrapidlywiththeincreasingpreservationtime,whiletheexpressionlevelofmarkersandcapacityofformingepithelialmonolayeronamnioticmembranedecreasedgradually.Thelimbalepithelialstemcellslosttheirfunctionearlierthanthelostexpressionlevelofstemcellmarkers.Thismayhelpustobetterchoosetheappropriatepreservationgraftsforfuturelimbalstemcelltransplantation.

简介：病例介绍病例1:患者,男,47岁。因右眼突然视力下降伴下方黑幕遮挡4天入院。原双眼有高度近视-14.00DS,入院时全身体检(-)。视力:右眼无光感,陈旧性视网膜脱离;左眼0.05(矫正)。左眼前节(-),眼底见9:30～4:00视网膜脱离,隆起度较高,累及黄斑区,颞上方约1:00时钟见一2PD大小马蹄孔。入院后第二天局部麻醉下行左眼冷凝加外加压加环扎术,外加压块、环扎带均位于赤道区,无放液并发症,手术顺利。术后第一天查眼底见脱离的

简介：患者男性,66岁.因进食梗咽1个月于2001年1月入院.胃镜检查示距门齿15～20cm处菜花样新生物,中央区缺损,质硬,占管腔1/2.GI示食管上段管壁增厚,最厚处2cm管腔狭窄,无胸水征.

简介：AIM:Topresentretinalmicrostructure,metabolismandfunctionabnormalitiesinthecourseofmultipleevanescentwhitedotsyndrome(MEWDS)byHeidelbergspectralismodalityimagingplatformandobserveitsoutcomebyEDI-SD-OCTandtwowavelengthautofluorescence.METHODS:Acaseofmultipleevanescentwhitedotsyndromeina23-year-oldfemalepresentedinitiallywitha15-dayhistoryoffloatersandacentralscotomaintherighteye.Toestablishthediagnosis,multimodalityimagingwasperformed,namely,bluelight-fundusautofluorescence(BL-FAF,excitation488nm,emission>500nm),near-infraredfundusautofluorescence(NIR-FAF,excitation787nm,emission>800nm)usingaconfocalscanninglaserophthalmoscope,fundusfluoresceinangiography(FFA),indocyaninegreenangiography(ICGA),spectrum-domainenhancedepthimagingopticalcoherencetomography(SD-EDI-OCT),multifocalelectroretinography(mf-ERG)andfundusphotograghwereperformedandfollowedupattheeighthmonthafterinitiallyvisiting.RESULTS:Opticalcoherencetomography(OCT)showedatransientdisruptionofthefovealphotoreceptoroutersegmentsincorrespondencetofovealgranularity.NIR-FAFshowedhypoautofluorescentareas,≤40μminsize,mostlyconcentratedaroundtheposteriorpoleanditstemporalsidelessthanthatinBL-FAF.Mf-ERGshowpinnacledisappearedinfoveaandmaculaandresponsesdecreasedmarkedlycomparedwiththefolloweye.Attheeighthmonthfollowup,hyperfluorescenceinBL-FAFweredisappear,while,NIR-FAFHypofluorescentspotsinearlystageofsuchlesionwerereduced.ButOCTdemonstratedthestructurewasrecoveredinresidualHypofluorescentareainNIR-FAF.Thesubfovealchoroidalthicknesswasdecreasedfrom372μmto307μmslightlyandcostlinewasrecovered.CONCLUSION:MEWDSisabenignself-healingdiseaseandthereisnopathologicalevidencetoinvestigatethenaturalcourseofsuchdisease.SD-OCTallowshighlydetailedimagesapproachinghistopathologytocertifythemicrostructura

简介：·AIM:Tostudytheeffectsofdanhonghuayukoufuye(DHK)onfastingbloodglucose(FBG)anddiabeticretinopathy(DR)instreptozotocin(STZ)-inducedtype1diabeticratstofacilitatetherationalusageofthisdrug.·METHODS:DiabeticratswereinducedbyinjectionofasingledoseofSTZintraperitoneallyat50mg/kg.Flashelectroretinogram(FERG)andoscillatorypotentials(OPs)wereusedtomeasureretinalfunction.Themicrovascularperfusionofearswasperformedtostudythemicrocirculationinrats.FBG,body-weight,and24-hurinevolume,waterintakeanddietintakewerealsoassessed.·RESULTS:DHKhadnoeffectonFBGinnormalrats.However,STZ+DHKgroupweresignificantlydifferentfromthoseofModelandmovedtowardthoseofnormalcontrol.Itreversedtheincreaseindietintake(P≤0.05vsmodelcontrol)andthelossinbody-weight(P≤0.05vsmodelcontrol)indiabeticrats.DHKdecreasedtheFBGofdiabeticratsby25.6%(P≤0.05)and37.9%(P≤0.01)after14and21daysadministrationascomparedwiththemodelcontrol,respectively.Moreover,DHKsignificantlyincreasedtheFERGb-waveamplitudeby80%(P≤0.05vsmodelcontrol)anddecreasedtheFERGb-wavelatencyby15.3%(P≤0.01vsmodelcontrol)after24daysadministration.TheOP1andOP2amplitudesinDHKgroupwere2.6(P≤0.01)and2.0(P≤0.01)timesofmodelgroupafter24daysofDHKtreatment,respectively.Atthesametime,OP1andOP2latenciesinDHKgroupreducedby16.0%(P≤0.001)and14.7%(P≤0.001)ascomparedwiththemodelcontrol,respectively.Furthermore,themicrovascularperfusionofDHKgroupwas2.4timesofmodelgroup(P≤0.001)after21daysadministration.·CONCLUSION:DHKhadnoeffectonnormalFBG.Butithadantihyperglycemicactivity,andhadapreventiveandtherapeuticeffectonDRindiabeticrats.·

简介：<正>鼻内窥镜外科基本内容之一是处理鼻窦炎症性病变,包括慢性化脓性鼻窦炎、慢性真菌性鼻窦炎、鼻息肉等病变的处理。根据病变范围和严重程度不同,可以选择不同的术式来处理。(一)功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术临床上观察到,筛窦有炎症时,前组筛窦是最常受累的,而后组筛窦则常相对正常。慢性、复发性鼻

简介：目的:探讨改良式额肌腱膜瓣悬吊术矫治儿童重度上睑下垂的长期临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析2009-01/2011-12在我科收治的儿童重度上睑下垂患者83例114眼，采用改良式扇形额肌腱膜瓣悬吊术进行矫治，分析术后上睑下垂矫正效果和上睑缘弧度、重睑形成及倒睫、结膜脱垂等并发症发生情况。随访观察5a。结果：术后第5a，矫正满意和基本矫正者共有84眼(73.7%)，部分矫正30眼（26.3%)，手术效果满意。术后并发症包括倒睫4眼（3.5%)，其中3例3眼上睑内侧1/3灰线处缝牵引缝线牵引lwk后消失，1例1眼行二次手术;结膜脱垂2眼（1.8%)，应用皮质类固醇激素眼药水点眼，加压包扎lwk后结膜脱垂均消失；术后无1例发生暴露性角膜炎、眼睑外翻、睑球分离、眼睑成角畸形、血肿形成、感染等并发症。术后上睑回退和外侧重睑皱襞消失是长期随访最常见的问题。结论：改良式额肌腱膜瓣悬吊术矫治儿童重度上睑下垂长期疗效满意，效果持久稳定，安全可靠。

简介：目的探讨采用提上睑肌折叠术治疗先天性上睑下垂的效果及可行性。方法对30例（40眼）中（3mm）重度下垂（≥4mm）的先天性上睑下垂行提上睑肌折叠术。结果本组30例（40眼）,随访2个月-1年,除2只眼发生轻度回退外,无未矫正病例,无穹窿部结膜脱垂,无暴露性角膜炎等并发症出现。结论提上睑肌折叠术治疗先天性上睑下垂是一种可靠有效的手术方法。

简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheeffectofY-27632onthesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheculturedretinalneurocytes.METHODS:Afterthepostnatalday2-3,Sprague-Dawleyretinalneurocyteswereculturedfor48hours,theculturemediawasreplacedwithserum-freemedia(controlgroup)andserum-freemediacontained30μmol/LY-27632(Y-27632group),andthecellswerecontinuallyculturedanother48hours.Theculturedretinalneurocyteswereidentifiedwithanti-neuronspecificenolase(NSE)immunocytochemistry.ThesurvivalstateofthosecellswasestimatedbyMTTassay,andtheneuriteoutgrowthofthosecellswasevaluatedbythecomputerizedimage-analysissystem.RESULTS:Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theabsorbancevaluesofcellssurvivalinY-27632groupincreased12.90%and33.33%respectivelyafter72and96hoursculture.Y-27632hadnosignificanteffectonthediameterofculturedretinalneurocytes.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,Y-27632inducedastableimprovementofneuriteoutgrowthofretinalneurocytesafter72and96hoursculture(P=0.001).CONCLUSION:Y-27632couldpromotethesurvivalandneuriteoutgrowthoftheearlypostnatalculturedretinalneurocytes.

简介：AIM:ExcessivedissolveofcornealtissueinducedbyMMPswhichwereactivatedbycytokinsandchemokineswillleadtocornealulcer.ThemolecularmechanismofLipoxinA4(LXA4)oncornealcollagendegradationinthreedimensionswasinvestigated.·METHODS:Rabbitcornealfibroblastswereharvestedandsuspendedinserum-freeMEM.TypeIcollagen,DMEM,collagenreconstitutionbufferandcornealfibroblastsuspensionweremixedonice.Theresultantmixturesolidifiedinanincubator,afterwhichtestreagentsandplasminogenwasoverlaidandthecultureswerereturnedtotheincubator.Thesupernatantsfromcollagengelincubationswerecollectedandtheamountofhydroxyprolineinthehydrolysatewasmeasured.ImmunoblotanalysisofMMP-1,-3andTMMP-1,-2wasperformed.MMP-2,-9wasdetectedbythemethodofGelatinzymography.Cytotoxicityassaywasmeasured.RESULTS:LXA4inhibitedcornealcollagendegradationinadoseandtimemanner.LXA4inhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinthepro-MMP-1,-2,-3,-9andactiveMMP-1,-2,-3,-9inaconcentrationdependentmanner.LXA4alsoinhibitedtheIL-1βinducedincreasesinTIMP-1,-2.CONCLUSION:Asapotentanti-inflammationreagent,LXA4caninhibitcornealcollagendegradationinducedbyIL-1βincornealfibroblaststhusinhibitingcornealdissolvingpathologyprocess.

简介：作为临床医生,面对患者视力无法提高时,常常会有挫败感。然而有很多方法可以帮助这样的低视力者。图片1显示的是人们由于远视力低下而可能面临的困难,以及帮助人们克服困难的设施。这些包括光学设备,非光学设备,环境改造的建议,以及康复和特殊的学习措施。在这篇文章中,我们会展示如何评估低视力者,并找出他们最迫切的需求。我们将概述可能的干预措施并给出指导方针。

简介：1．视网膜厚度报告扫描方式：快速黄斑扫描、黄斑线状扫描。应用：评估黄斑区域疾病和一些特殊区域。视网膜厚度为玻璃体视网膜界面与色素上皮／脉络膜毛细血管层前表面的距离，在扫描图像中两条白线之间即为计算机自动测量的视网膜厚度。视网膜厚度坐标图为相应扫描视网膜厚度线条图。

简介：质量是一个难以描述及定义的概念。人们对质量的评定各有不同的见解。拿出租车旅行来打个比方。你如何评定旅行的质量？你的评定时基于司机是否有礼貌还是车子的豪华程度？或者以你安全到达目的地为标准？如果让你的司机来评价同样一场旅行的质量，他们可能认为旅途中没有抛锚或没有被交通事故耽搁就是好。评定质量有很多不同的标准，以那一点为准取决于你的角色。