简介:《喉科手术学》2000年出版,2002年第2次印刷。近十年间随着医学技术飞跃发展,喉科手术也在不断更新及创新。为了适应新的形式,人民卫生出版社于2007年出版了《喉科手术学》第2版。此版主要围绕有关保留、改菩喉功能的理论,特别是新发展的手术为主要增修内容,增加了与保留和改善喉功能研究发展相关的喉及喉咽的解剖及生理:增补了保留或改善喉功能的手术、喉显微手术、喉咽癌激光手术、喉返神经单、双侧麻痹及喉手术后喉功能不良新发展的喉功能整复术、喉误吸手术、喉蹼切除术、喉肉芽肿切除术、杓状软骨脱位、骨折和固定的整复术:补充了喉气管狭窄,喉、喉咽和颈食管癌等新的手术方法;充实了甲状腺肿瘤手术,颈淋巴结清扫术内容,
简介:目的考察3~5岁听障儿童的气质特点及其影响因素,为康复训练提供参考依据。方法选取111名3~5岁听障儿童,采用3~7岁儿童气质问卷施测。结果3~5岁听障儿童在气质各维度上的表现倾向不同(P〈0.05),适应度维度得分最高,其次为趋避性、心境、注意分散度和规律性,注意力持久性和反应阂得分最低。儿童性别、主要照顾人及其受教育水平、职业、家庭结构对听障儿童气质的多个维度具有显著影响(P〈0.05),主要表现在反应强度、注意力持久性、规律性、注意分散度、活动量、心境和适应度维度;助听设备和康复时间对听障儿童气质特点影响不明显(P〉0.05)。结论3~5岁听障儿童的气质受家庭、社会环境等多方面因素影响,但在具体特征上有其独特性。
简介:ObjectiveChronictinnitusisahighlyprevalentconditionandhasbeenhypothesizedtoresultfromaninnatedisturbanceincentralnervousserotonergictransmission.Giventhefrequentcomorbiditywithmajordepressionandanxiety,wearguethatcandidategenesforthesedisordersarelikelytooverlap.Thepresentstudyaddressesthegeneencodingforthe5-HT1Areceptorasaputativeriskfactorfortinnitus.MethodsIn88subjectswithadiagnosisofchronicsubjectivetinnituswhounderwentadetailedneurootologicalexamination,theentire5-HT1AgenewasamplifiedusingoverlappingPCRproducts.Ampliconswerecustomsequencedbidirectionallyandwerescreenedforvariantsinmultiplealignmentsagainstthehumangenomereference.ResultsWeidentifiedasynonymousC>Texchangeatresidue184(Pro)in7/88subjects,butdetectednomissensevariantsinthepopulationunderstudy.Specifically,thefollowingresidueswerefullyconserved:16(Pro),22(Gly),28(Ile),98(Val),220(Arg),267(Val),273(Gly),and418(Asn).DiscussionThepresentdatacountagainstthecausationofchronictinnitusbyachangeinthe5-HT1Areceptor'saminoacidsequence.However,theallelefrequencyforthe184Prominorallele(0.04)reachedtwicethefrequencyreportedincontrolcohortsfromthesameethnicity.Additionalinvestigationsareinvitedtoclarifytheroleofthe5-HT1Apolymorphisminlargersamples,andtocontrolforcomorbidaffectivedisorders.