简介:and evaluating the success of a particular strategy. They have an executive function. In O’Malley and Chamot framework of learning strategies,Oxford’s taxonomy fails to make a distinction between strategies directed at learning the L2 and those directed at using it (Ellis). The last problem is that compensation strategies are considered as a direct type of learning strategies rather than one type of production strategies,cognitive and social/affective. They grounded the study of learning strategies within the information-processing model of learning developed by Anderson. Metacognitive strategies involve consciously directing one’s efforts into the learning task. These strategies are higher order executive skills that may entail planning learning
简介:SodiumdithioniteinitiatedsulfinatodehalogenationofBrCF2CF2Risstudied.
简介:AbstractObjective:The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of in vivo and non-invasive monitoring of deuterium/hydrogen (2H/1H) exchange at the metabolic level upon exposure to heavy water (2H2O).Methods:The healthy female mice were randomly assigned to two groups after day 0 when both mice received standard drinking water. The treated mouse was fed with 2H2O (80%, v/v) and the control mouse fed with standard drinking water (H2O) over next 13 days. Real-time mass spectrometric analysis of volatile metabolism emitted through breathing and the skin was performed on days 1, 2, 3, 10, 12, and 13. Animal experiment was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University (approval No. 20161117163322) on October 29, 2021.Results:We observed a replacement of 1H by 2H in 52 mass spectral features (60 2H/1H isotopologue pairs) for the mouse fed with 2H2O, but not for the control mouse. These included pyruvic acid and lactic acid, lysine and methyl-lysine as well as short-chain fatty acids comprising acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and valeric acid.Conclusion:Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry allows monitoring in vivo2H-incorporation of metabolites in a non-invasive and real-time setup and opens new opportunities to use 2H tracing to extend current metabolic studies, especially those with a focus on anaerobic glycolysis, lysine methylation and gut microbiome via monitoring of short-chain fatty acids.
简介:Thecanonicalandlocatizedmolecutarorbitersof[NCCuS2NoS2]2-clusterwerecalculatedbymeansofCNDOquantumchemistrymethod.Thentheenergyandpropertiesofcorrespondingchemicatbondswerediscussed,especially,Cu-Sb-NothreecenterconjugatedπbondsandNo-St-Noconjugatedπbondswereaccountedfor.
简介:摘要目的探讨在基层医院开展胃癌标准(D2)根治术的可行性和安全性。方法回顾分析40例经胃镜检查配合病理确诊为胃癌并行胃癌(D2)根治术患者的临床资料。结果40例病人均顺利完成胃癌D2根治术,平均手术时间218min,平均排气时间210min,平均出血量155ml,平均住院时间14.2d,平均清扫淋巴结24.2枚。术后并发症发生率为15.0%(6/40),经有效治疗后全愈。无吻合口瘘发生,术后腹腔引流液较多,无死亡病例,出院前均能拔管。结论对胃癌患者应早期诊断,早期治疗,及时实施胃癌根治术。在基层医院开展胃癌D2根治术是安全、可行的,值得临床推广。