简介:Thestudyofcycliccodesoverringshasgeneratedalotofpublicinterest.Inthispaper,westudycycliccodesandtheirdualcodesovertheringZP2oflengthpe,andfindasetofgeneratorsforthesecodes.Theranksandminimalgeneratorsetsofthesecodesarestudiedaswell,whichplayanimportantroleindecodinganddeterminingthedistancedistributionofcodes.
简介:大量高新技术的电子信息产品需要高频聚四氟乙烯印制板,由于它的结构特殊,孔金属化非常困难。根据聚四氟乙烯印制板的结构,分析原因,改进工艺,在金属化孔前增加一道NH4HF2和HCl的前处理工序,从试验结果及化学反应原理上说明NH4HF2和HCl前处理的工艺配方、工艺条件及使用后的良好效果。
简介:电子产品向轻、薄、短、微型化的发展趋势要求印制线路板及包装材料的空间体积向更小型化发展,高密度互连(HDI)技术已经成为发展的必然趋势。线路板的功能可靠性很大程度上取决于直接金属化、微盲孔填充及通孔金属化的品质。为改善流程的性能,人们往往会提高工艺流程的复杂程度,使用不同类型的添加剂,这使流程更加难以控制。另外,PPR脉冲电镀技术作为一种解决方案已被应用,最终还是要通过功能性化学品的氧化还原保护作用来维持添加剂的稳定性。一项新的技术已经问世,此技术简单而又能有效地控制流程,可实现微孔填充与通孔金属化同步进行,已经在整板电镀和图形电镀的应用中得到了证实与认可。该技术可应用于传统垂直起落的浸入式直流电镀生产线。另外,此项新技术添加剂的使用量少,从而延长了镀液使用寿命,流程品质也易于管理与控制。
简介::Twonovelpoly[(3-alkyhhiophene-2,5-diyl)-(benzylidenequinomethane-2,5-diyl)s]derivatives,poly[(3-butylthiophene-2,5-diyl)-(p-N,N-dimethylamino)benzylidenequinomethane-2,5-diyl)](PBTDMABQ)andpoly[-(3-octylthiophene2,5-diyl)-(p-N,N-dimethylamino)benzylidenequinomethane-2,5-diyl)](POTDMABQ),weresynthesized.Thebandgapsofthetwopolymersarecalculatedas1.75eVforPBTDMABQand1.69eVforPOTDMABQ,respectively.Thehomogenousfilmsofthetwopolymerswerepreparedandtheirthird-ordernonlinearopticalpropertieswerestudiedbythebackwarddegeneratefour-wavemixingat532nm.Byusingtherelativemeasurementtechnique,thethird-ordernonlinearopticalsusceptibilitiesofPBTDMABQandPOTDMABQarecalculatedas5.62×10^-9and1.22×10^-8ESU,respectively.Itisfoundthatsubstitutedalkygroupshavestrongeffectsonthebandgapandnonlinearopticalpropertiesofthetwopolymers.Therelativelybigthird-ordernonlinearopticalsusceptibilitiesandsmallbandgapofPOTDMABQresultedmainlyfromthelongeralkylwithstrongelectron-donatingabilitycanenhancethedelocationdegreeofconjugatedπelectronics.
简介:Areviewontheprogressofpowerful2μmsilicafibersourcesinpastdecadesispresented.Wereviewthestate-of-the-artrecordsandrepresentativeachievementsof2μmhigh-average-powercontinuouswave,pulsedfiberlasersandamplifiers,andpowerfulsuperfluorescentsources.Challengeswhichlimitthefurtherpowerscalingof2μmsilicafibersourcesarediscussed,includingpumpingbrightnesslimitation,thermalproblem,andnonlineareffects.Potentialandpromisingroadmapstogobeyondtheselimitations,liketandempumpingandbeamcombining,arediscussed.Prospectsofpowerful2μmsilicafibersourcesarealsopresentedintheendofpaper.
简介:Globalpositioningsystem(GPS)forvehicleapplicationsintheurbanareaischallengedbylowsignalintensity.ThecarrierloopbasedonfastFouriertransform(FFT)canobtainahighsignaltonoiseratio(SNR)gainbyincreasingtheobservationtime.However,thisleadstoamajorproblemthattheaccelerationcannotbeignored.TheperformanceoftheFFT-basedloopwilldeclinewiththeaccelerationincreasing.ThispaperdiscussestheeffectofthedynamiconFFTfirst.ThenahighperformancecarriertrackingloopforweakGPSL5signalsisproposed.Itcombinesdiscretechirp-Fouriertransform(DCFT)andthephasefittingmethodtoestimateDopplerfrequencyandDopplerratesimultaneously.First,asequenceofintegrationresultsisusedtoperformDCFTtoestimatecoarseDopplerfrequencyandDopplerrate.Second,thephaseofthesequenceiscalculatedandusedtoperformlinearfitting.Bythephasefittingmethod,thefineDopplerfrequencyandDopplerratecanbeestimated.ThecomputationcostissmallbecausetheintegrationresultsareusedandthephasefittingmethodneedsonlycoarseestimatesofDopplerfrequencyandDopplerrate.ComparedwithFFTandDCFT,theprecisionofthephasefittingmethodisnotlimitedbytheresolution.Thustheproposedloopcangethighprecisionandlowcarriertonoiseratio(C/N0)trackingthreshold.Simulationresultsshowthisloophasagreatimprovementthanconventionalloopsforurbanweak-signalapplications.
简介:TheopticalabsorbanceinnearUVwavelengthregioninSnO2nanoclustersinanexternalelectricfieldisdeterminedatroomtemperature.Theabsorbancespectraasapplicedfieldandtheabsorbancevariationswiththeappliedfieldareobtained.Therelationbetweenabsorbancechangeandappliedfieldisnon-linear.andissaturatedathighfieldregion.
简介:中华电信公司全民释股计划将卖出近50亿股,吸收逾2.400亿新台币资金,由于金额庞大,将规划分次释出.以不超过三次为宜,同时采先多后少的释股方式,并设法提高市场购买意愿。中华电信全民释股案将自99年7月开始,至2001年公股降至50%以下,完成民营化目标。根据中华电信财务顾问中华开发规划的释股方案,中华电信现有资本额964亿元台币,释出股数须超过48.2亿股,才能达到民营化目标。中华开发以理有中华电信的资产与负债初估,释股股价应为50元新台币,即释股金额超过2.400亿元新台币。中华开发并预估,中华电信的股价可能须打折扣,释股股价能介于35元新台币至50元新台币之间。