简介：TheDeepSeismicSounding(DSS)projectscarriedoutfromthe1970sinthelowerYangtzeregionanditsneighboringareawerereviewedinthispaper,thenthebasicwavegroupfeaturesofthosewideanglereflection/refractionrecordsections,andofthecrustalstructurearesummarized.Itshowsthattherewereintotalfiveclearwavegroupsontherecordsections,whichincludethefirstarrivalPg,thereflectionP1fromthebottominterfaceoftheuppercrust,thereflectionP3fromthebottominterfaceofthemiddlecrust,thestrongreflectionPmfromtheMohoboundary,andtherefractionPnfromuppermostmantle.Ingeneral,thesephasesareeasilyconsistentlytracedandcompared,despitesomefirstarrivalsbeingdelayedorarrivingearlierthannormalduetotheshallowsedimentarycoverorbedrocks.Inparticular,intheDabieMountainregiontheseismiceventsofafewgatheredshotsalwayshaveweakreflectionenergy,aretwisted,orexhibitdisorganizedwaveforms,whichcouldbeattributedtothedisruptionvariationsofreflectiondepth,thebrokenMoho,andthediscontinuityofthereflectionboundarywithincrust.Theregionalcrustalstructuresarecomposedoftheupper,middleandlowercrust,ofwhichthemiddleandlowerlayerscanbedividedintotwoweakreflectionones.ThecrustalthicknessoftheNorthChinaandYangtzeplatformare30km-36km,andtheMohoexhibitsaflatgeometrydespitesomelocaluplifts.Theaveragepressurevelocityinlowercrustbeneaththistwotectonicareais6.7±0.3km/s.Nevertheless,beneaththeDabieshanareathecrustalthicknessis32km-41km,theMohobendsdownsharplyandtakesanabrupt4km-7kmdislocationintheverticaldirection.TheaveragepressurevelocityinthelowercrustbeneaththeDabieshanareais6.8±0.2km/s.

简介：TheregionaltectonicbackgroundandcharacteristicsofactivefaultsoftheYutianMS7.3earthquakeonFebruary12,2014arediscussedinthispaper.AftertheanalysisoftheepicenterareaoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014andthefocalmechanismsoftheformerstrongearthquakesaroundit,theauthorsdeducedthattheseismogenicfaultoftheMS7.3earthquakeistheeastbranchoftheAshikulefault.TheMS7.3earthquakein2014andtheMS7.3earthquakein2008aretwostrongearthquakeeventsonthedifferentsectionsoftheAltunTaghfault,wherethefaultbehaviorchangesfromsinistralsliptonormalfaultingbecauseoftheextensionaltaileffectsinthesouthernendoftheAltunTaghfault.ItisconcludedthatthetwoMS7.3earthquakeshavethesamedynamicsource,andtheMS7.3earthquakein2008promotedtheoccurrenceoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014.Finally,wecalculatetheCoulombstresschangetotheseismogenicfaultoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014fromtheMS7.3earthquakein2008usingthelayeredcrustmodel.TheresultalsoshowsthattheMS7.3earthquakein2008acceleratedtheoccurrenceoftheMS7.3earthquakein2014.

简介：用地震断层摄影术的最近的结果，我们学习了深构造的背景中等并且在安徽省和它的附近的区域的强震(28°～39°N，112°～124°E)。结果如下：(1)在那里存在在中等强壮的地震，表面的地质的结构并且与上面外壳的速度划分活跃构造元素的地点之间的某个关联组织。记录M≥的大多数地震6.0发生在高速度的地区或在在high-velocityand之间的过渡区域在上地壳的低速度的地区。在低速度的地区的地震活动有更小的影响。发生在高速度的地区的地震主要在速度变化区域被散布。边界带和北方中国平凡断裂地块的内部是中等强壮的地震的主要活跃地点。在在块的西方、北的方面的断层盆地下面，上地壳被宽不连续的分布在low-velocityzone，并且在过渡带描绘从低--到高速度，中等强壮的seismicityshows活断层被开发的显域分布。NW-extensionZhoukou-Hefei-Xuancheng低速度的地区分开DabieshanMountainsand西方山东的高速度的地区--它毗邻thehigh速度地区的北方面上的安徽，和中等强壮的地震是相对经常的。这个低速度的地区可能是在北方中国和华南之间的一条重要、深深地组织的边界构造的省。(2)Thefrequent中等强壮的地震在Huoshan-Lu在过去和最近的小地震活动记录了“一个区域是在在Dabieshan的中央部分和通过外壳切了的深断裂的二个集合下面的中间的外壳中的一个低速度的地区的结果。(3)以深部构造，在安徽省的中等强壮的地震的分发有一个明显的地区性的特征。基于历史的地震复发间隔和深seismogenictectonics的类似物原则，在安徽Provinceare记录M_s5.0的潜在的地震风险地区决定了。

简介：ThedevastatingMS8.0WenchuanearthquakerupturedtwolargeparallelthrustfaultsalongthemiddlesegmentoftheLongmenshanthrustbelt.PreseismicandpostseismiclevelingdataindicatedthehangingwalloftheYingxiuBeichuan-NanbathrustfaultmainlypresentedcoseismicupliftwithrespecttothereferencepointatPingwucountytown,andtheobservedmaximumupliftof4.7mislocatedatBeichuancounty(Qushantown)whichisabout100mwestofthefaultscarp.ThefootwalloftheYingxiu-Beichuan-Nanbathrustfaultmainlyshowedsubsidencewithmaximumsubsidenceof0.6mneartherupture.Byemployingalistricdislocationmodel,wefoundthatthefaultgeometrymodelofexponentialdipangleδ=88°×[1-exp(-9/h)]withdepthof18kmanduniformthrust-slipof5.6mcouldfittheobservedcoseismicverticaldeformationverywell,whichverifiesthelistricthrustmodeloftheLongmenshanorogeniczone.

简介：UsingthefocalmechanismsolutionsandslipdistributionmodeldataoftheTaiwanStraitsMS7.3earthquakeonSeptember16,1994,wecalculatethestaticCoulombstresschangesstemmingfromtheearthquake.Basedonthedistributionofaftershocksandstressfield,aswellasthelocationofhistoricalearthquakes,weanalyzetheCoulombstresschangetriggeredbytheTaiwanStraitsMS7.3earthquake.TheresultshowsthatthestaticCoulombstresschangeobtainedbyforwardmodelingbasedontheslipdistributionmodelisquiteconsistentwiththelocationofaftershocksintheareasfarawayfromtheepicenter.Ninetypercentofaftershocksoccurredinthestressincreasedareas.TheCoulombstresschangeisnotentirelyconsistentwiththedistributionofaftershocksneartheepicenter.ItisfoundthatCoulombstresschangecanbetterreflecttheaftershockdistributionfarawayfromtheepicenter,whilesuchcorrespondingrelationshipbecomesquitecomplexneartheepicenter.ThroughthecalculationoftheCoulombstresschange,wefindthatthestressincreasesinthesouthwestpartoftheMin-Yue(Fujian-Guangdong)coastalfaultzone,whichenhancestheseismicactivity.Therefore,itisdeemedthattheseaareabetweenNanpengIslandandDongshanIsland,wheretheMin-YuecoastalfaultzoneintersectswiththeNW-trendingShanghang-Dongshanfault,hasahighseismicrisk.

简介：ThemicrostructuresoffaultrocksfromtheWasatchfaultzoneinUtah（USA）havebeenstudiedusingapolarizingmicroscope,ascanningelectronmicroscope（SEM）andanultrahigh-voltageelectronmicroscope（HVHM）.Thisfaultzonemayberecognizedasoneawithlonghistoryofseismicactivityaccordingtothemicrostructuralcharacteristicssuchastype,deformationcharacteristics,meltingstructureandsurfacetexturesofthefaultrocks.However,themainfaultnowpresentseemsnottohavebeennoticeablyactivesincethelatePleistocene（Q3）,asshownbytheeroded-surfacetextureonthequartzfragmentsinthefaultgouge.Meanwhile,thosefaultssupposedtobestronglyactiveinmoderntimesarebranchingfaultsmuchclosertothebasinsideandarecoveredbytheHolocenesedimentsinthebasin.

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简介：Onthebasisoftherealityofrecenttectonicmovementanddiscardingsuchaviewpointthattheisostaticadjustmentonlyresultsfromexcessiveorinsufficientcompensation,wehavediscussedthetectonicstresscausinginequalityandregardedtheisostaticanomalyasaloadontheearth(sinterior,thustheearth(sinnerstresscanbecalculated.TheresearchresultsshowthatintheEastChinaSeaanditseasternmarginalseasthechangeoftheverticalstressderivedfromtheisostaticgravityanomalyismoremarkedthanthatofthehorizontalstress.AlongtheRyukyutrenchthereisanenhancementofverticalstressby5MPa,whichevidentlyreflectstheeffectofplatesubduction.Oncontrary,alongtheislandarctothenorthwestofthetrenchtheverticalstressweakensbyabout5MPa.Thehorizontalstressesineasternandwesternpartsareobviouslydifferent,theeastwestwardstressontheoceaniccrust(xisnegative(whilethepressureispositive)butonthecontinentalcrustispositive.Thesefactsindicatetheeffectofcompressionbetweenplates.

简介：在到地震预言的MODIS卫星遥感数据的应用程序的学习，论文第一次提出一个量的方法与反常亮度温度(BT)为象素估计比率为云移动的增加和一个初步的计划。原则是第一，无云的数据在时间，但是在不同的天内的一样的时期由一样的卫星观察了(通常1天到3天)是mosaiced得到晴朗天空的高比率，然后BT变化曲线和每个象素的mcan平方差别(MSD)从盖住的区域与数据被计算每天决定今日的BT数据作为标准用两倍MSD在某个象素由是正常的。为有反常BT增加的象素的比率能被与整个区域的全部的象素划分反常象素的全部的数字计算。在台湾区域的一系列最近的地震上的分析证明为有反常BT增加的象素的比率，通常在零附近波动，有突然的改进1天到在媒介强壮的地震前的20天。为识别地震预兆的一个新方法能被从MODIS卫星遥感随反常BT增加为象素分析比率的变化与经常的地震活动在区域通过特殊研究发现，这被期望红外线(红外)云的效果从被移开的信息到某个程度。

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简介：Micro-aftershockswithmagnituderangeof1.5-4aroundtheWenchuanearthquakeepicenter,thesouthernpartoftheLongmenshanfaultzone,exhibitgoodfrequency-magnitudelinearrelationships,thusenablingb-valueanalysis.Theaverageb-valueformicro-aftershocksofM1.5-4fromJulytoDecemberof2008inourlocalstudyregionisabout0.88,similartotheb-valueforallaftershocksofM3.0-5.5fromMay,2008toMay,2009alongthewholeLongmenshanfaultzone.Thesimilaritybetweenthelocalandregionalb-valuespossiblyindicatesthatthesouthernpartoftheLongmenshanfaultzonehassimilarseismogenicenvironmenttothewholeLongmenshanfaultzone.Alternatively,itmayalsoimplythatb-valuesderivedfromalleventswithoutconsiderationofstructuralvariationcannotdiscriminatelocal-scaletectonicinformation.Thepresentstudyshowsthattheb-valuefortheWenchuanearthquakemicro-aftershocksvarieswithdifferentregions.Theb-valueinsouthwestoftheYingxiutownishigherthanthatinthenortheastoftheYingxiutown.Thehighb-valueinthesouthwestpartwheretheWenchuanearthquakemainshockhypocenterlocatedindicatesthatthecurrentstressaroundthehypocenterregionismuchlowerthanitssurroundingarea.Theb-valuesarealsodependentondepth.Atshallowdepthsof<5km,theb-valuesareverysmall(~0.4),possiblybeingrelatedtostrongwaveattenuationorstrongheterogeneityinshallowlayerswithhighcontentofporosityandfractures.Atdepthsof~5-11km,wheremostaftershocksconcentrated,theb-valuesbecomeashighas~0.9-1.0.Atthedepthbelow~11km,theb-valuesdecreasewiththedepthincreasing,beingconsistentwithincreasingtectonichomogeneityandincreasingstresswithdepth.

简介：上投断层地区的分割是为地震危险评估的一个基本问题。Yingjing-Mabian-Yanjin上投断层地区是在Qinghai-Xizang(西藏)高原的东南边缘的重要地震趋势beltNW。在戳地区的纵的差错主要具有滑动类型的戳。晚第四级的运动模式和排水量率与北方相当不同到南方。越过差错的山谷上的调查证明横推断层主要具有有一点剧降排水量的右滑倒罢工的类型。与纵的差错基于他们的连接，横推断层的三种类型也就是被概括：分开的差错，转换断层和眼泪差错，和他们在上投断层地区的分割的功能被比较。作为结果，theYingjing-Mabian-Yanjin上投断层地区被划分成发生在这三个片断的三个片断，和地震被比较。在一方面，横推断层类型识别的Yingjing-Mabian-Yanjin上投断层地区的三分反映差别在从地震破裂步在的每个片断，和连贯滑动率，地震等级和步另外的手。它证明横推断层控制分割到某个度，并且横推断层的每种类型起一个不同作用。

简介：High-velocityfrictionexperimentswereconductedonclayeyfaultgougecollectedfromHongkououtcropofBeichuanfault,locatedatthesouthwesternpartofLongmenshanfaultsystemthatcausedthedisastrous2008Wenchuanearthquake.Theultimatepurposeofthisstudyistoreproducethisearthquakebymodelingbasedonmeasuredfrictionalproperties.Drygougeofabout1mminthicknesswasdeformeddryatslipratesof0.01to1.3m/sandatnormalstressesof0.61to3.04MPa,usingarotary-shearhigh-velocityfrictionaltestingmachine.Thegougedisplaysslipweakeningbehaviorasinitialpeakfrictiondecaystowardssteady-statevaluesafteragivendisplacement.Bothpeakfrictionandsteady-statefrictionremainhighatslowslipratesareexaminedandgougeonlyexhibitsdramaticweakeningathighsliprates,withsteady-statefrictioncoefficientvaluesofabout0.1to0.2.Specificfractureenergyrangesfrom1to4MN/minourresultsandthisisofthesameorderasseismicallydeterminedvalues.LowfrictioncoefficientsmeasuredonexperimentalfaultsareinbroadagreementwithlackofthermalanomalyobservedfromtemperaturemeasurementsinWFSD-1drillhole(WenchuanEarthquakeFaultScientificDrillingProject),whichcanbeexplainedbyevensmallerfrictioncoefficientfortheWenchuanearthquakefault.High-velocityfrictionexperimentswithporewaterneedstobedonetoseeifevensmallerfrictionisattainedornot.Shinyslickensidesurfacesformathighsliprates,butnotatslowsliprates.Slipzonewithslickensidesurfacechangesitscolortodarkbrownandformsduplex-likemicrostructures,whicharesimilartothosemicrostructuresfoundinthefaultgougesfromtheHongkououtcrop.DetailedcomparisonsbetweenexperimentallydeformedgougesamplesandWFSDdrillcoresinthefuturewillrevealhowmuchwecouldreproducethedynamicweakeningprocessesinoperationinfaultzonesduringWenchuanearthquakeatpresent.

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