简介：Anexperimentonwooddryingatdifferenttemperatureswasconductedtoshowthefractalnatureoftheporespacewithinwood.Cubicblocksmadefromginkgo(Ginkgobiloba)andChinesechestnut(Castaneamollissima)woodwereused.Samplesweredriedinovenatthetemperatureof20,40,60and100℃,respectively.Allthedryingprocedureslastedfourhours.Themasswasweighedandthedimensionsweremeasuredimmediatelyforeachsamplewheneveryprocedureofdryingended.Thefractaldimensionsof...

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简介：研究人员称真正的圣诞节日感觉可以分解为三种成分。

简介：Thegermplasmofbreedinglargeyellowcroaker(PseudosciaenacroceaRichardson)wasrevealedusing12microsatellitemarkers.TheresultsshowedthatthegeneticdiversitieswereonamediatedlevelinthebredDaiquandMin-Yuestocksandtwohybridgroups,asrepresentedby4.83ofthemeannumberofallelesand0.561oftheaverageobservedheterozygosity.Thevalueofpairwisedifferentiationcoefficient(FST)wasonly13.1%betweenDaiquandMin-Yuestocks,demonstratingthelowlevelofdifferentiationandacloserelationship.However,STRUCTUREsimulationsandphylogenetictreebasedontheUPGMAmethodsupportedthattheyaregeographicallydifferentpopulationsofthesamespecieswithdistinctgeneticstructures.ExaminationsofindividualadmixtureshowedthatMin-Yuestockhadbeencontaminatedbyalienindividuals.Moreover,thegeneticstructuresofthetwohybridgroupsresembledthoseoftheirparents,especiallyaffectedmorebytheirfemaleparents.Finally,thevaluesofaverageobservedheterozygositybetweenparentsandtheirascendantswerecomparedandtested,asaresultofnodetectabledifferences(P>0.05).

简介：WesimulateGPShorizontalvelocityfieldintermsofrotationsofcrustalblockstodescribedeformationbehavioroftheChinesemainlandanditsneighboringareas.31crustalblocksareboundedprimarilyby~30Quaternaryfaultswithdistinctgeometriesandvariablelong-termratesof<20mm/a,and1683GPSvelocitiesweredeterminedfromdecade-longobservationsmostlywithanaverageduncertaintyof1?2mm/a.WedefineGPSvelocityatasitebythecombinationofmotionofrigidblockandelasticstraininducedbythefaultthatislockingduringaseismiccycle.ModelvelocitiespredictedfromthepreferableblockmodelmatchwellwiththeGPSvelocitiestoanuncertaintyof~1.7mm/a.Theslipratesinferredfromthismodelisinarangeof6?18mm/aforthemajorfaultsinTibetanditsmarginsand1?4mm/aineasternChina,consistentwithgeologicalobservations.Ournumericalsimulationsuggeststhatthecrustalblocksdeforminternallyatalevelof~10×10-9/a,quitesmallincomparisonwithsignificantdeformationlocalizedalongfaultzonesof50?100kmwide.Weconcludethatthepatternofcontinentaldeformationisnotcontinuous-likebutblock-like,andthetenetofplatetectonicsmaybeapplicabletocharacterizetheactivedeformationinAsia.

简介：Inthecontextof1980—1992JMA(JapanMeteorologicalAgency)GMSTBBgriddeddataset,studyisundertakenofannualcyclefeaturesofFFT-derivedwindowpowerspectrumaveragedovertherecordlength,withlocalizedspace/timecharacteristicsoflow-frequencyoscillation(LFO)inthetropicalatmosphereinvestigatedalongsidepossiblecauses.ItturnsoutthattheLFOtakesonsurprisinglynoticeableannualcyclefeaturesmarkedbyawidervariablerangeoftheLFOperiodsovernortherntropicsthanthesoutherncounterpartandequatorialvicinity.Inaddition,onthewhole,thesignalsaremoreintenseintheNorthernHemisphereduringsummer/autumnandatequatorial/southernlatitudeswhennorthernwinter/springoccuraswell.Also,notallthesefeaturesareidenticalfordifferentsegmentsatthesamelatitudes,displayingsignaturesonalocalbasis,andthespatial/temporallocalitycanbequalitativelyinterpretedintermsofnonlinearinteractionbetweentropicalwaves,andmodulationofdiabaticheatingontheLFOperiods.

简介：Objective:ThepresentstudyaimedtoinvestigatecircularRNA(circRNA)expressioninuvealmelanoma(UM).Methods:First,weusedmicroarraytocomparetheexpressionprofilesofcircRNAinfiveUMsamplesandfivenormaluveatissues.Next,bioinformaticsanalyses,includinggeneontology(GO)analysisandpathwayanalysis,wereappliedtostudythesedifferentiallyexpressedcircRNAstopredictpathogenicpathwaysthatmaybeinvolved.Quantitativereal-timepolymerasechainreaction(qRT-PCR)in20UMsamplesand20normaluveasampleswasusedtoconfirmthecircRNAexpressionprofilesobtainedfromthemicroarraydata.Finally,weanalyzedtheinteractionbetweenvalidatedcircRNAsandtheirpotentialcancer-associatedmiRNAtargets.Results:Intotal,50,579circRNAs[foldchange(FC)≥2.0;P<0.05],including20,654up-regulatedand29,925down-regulatedcircRNAs,wereidentifiedasdifferentiallyexpressedbetweenUMtissuesandnormaluveatissues.WeusedqRT-PCRtoverifysevendysregulatedcircRNAsindicatedbythemicroarraydata,includinghsacirc0119873,hsacirc0128533,hsacirc0047924,hsacirc0103232,hsa-circRNA10628-6,hsacirc0032148andhsacirc0133460,whichmaybepromisingcandidatestostudyfuturemolecularmechanisms.Conclusions:Thisstudyexplored,forthefirsttime,theabnormalexpressionofcircRNAsinUManddescribedtheexpressionprofileofcircRNAs,providinganewpotentialtargetforthemechanismofUMandfuturetreatmentofUM.

简介：Agronomictraitsareimportantdeterminantstoriceyield,whicharecontrolledbycomplexgeneticfactorsaswellasgenotypebyenvironment(G×E)interactioneffects.TheG×Eeffectsforagronomictraitsofricehavebeendissectedwithvariousapproaches,butnotwiththecurrentavailableapproach,theassociationstudies.Inthisstudy,atotalof32655singlenucleotidepolymorphismswereusedtocarryoutassociationswith14agronomictraitsamong20riceaccessionsintwoenvironments.TheG×Einteractioneffectsforalltheagronomictraitswereathighlysignificantlevels(P<0.01),accountingfor3.4%–22.3%ofthetotalsumofsquaresexceptforthelengthofbrownrice.Twentythreeputativequantitativetraitloci(QTLs),includingfivepreviouslyknownandseveralnewpromisingassociations,wereidentifiedfor10of14traits.AnalysisoftherelationshipsbetweenthetraitsforwhichQTLsandthegenotypeeffectscouldbeidentifiedsuggestedthatthehigherthegenotypiceffect,thehigherthepossibilitytoidentifyQTLsforthegiventrait.ThenewQTLsdetectedinthisstudywillfacilitatedissectionofthecomplexagronomictraitsandmaygiveinsightintotheG×Eeffectswithassociationmapping.

简介：Inthisstudy,weusedLandsatimagesandmeteorologicaldatatoexaminethespatiotemporaldistributionandvariabilityofseaiceinJiaozhouBay(JZB)between1986and2016.TheresultsshowthatJZBisnotalwayscoveredbyseaiceinwinter,butinsomeextremecases,seaicehascoveredmorethanone-thirdoftheseaareaofthebay.SeaiceinJZBhasgenerallyformedbetweenJanuary1andFebruary5,primarilyalongthecoast,andgraduallyexpandingtothecentralareaofthebay.Bothmeteorologicalandartificialfactorshaveplayedimportantrolesinmodulatingtheseaicedistribution.Wefoundseaicecoveragetohavebeenstronglycorrelatedwiththeaccumulatedfreezing-degreedaysninedaysbeforetheoccurrenceofseaice(R2=0.767).North-northwestsurfacewindshavedominatedthefreezingperiodofseawaterintheJZB,andwindspeedhasexertedamoresignificantinfluenceontheformationofseaicewhentheseaicecoveragehasbeengenerallysmall.Additionally,artificialfactorsbegantoaffecttheexpansionofseaiceinJZBsince2007.TheconstructionoftheJiao-Zhou-BayBridge(JZBB)isbelievedtohaveretardedwaterflowandreducedthetidalprism,therebyleadingtotheformationofanicebridgealongtheJZBB,whicheffectivelypreventsthesouthwardexpansionofseaice.

简介：Inthispaper,weintroducethecombiningstatedpreferenceandrevealedpreferencemethodswhichisthestate-ofthe-artmethodforthevaluationofnon-marketgoods.Revealedpreferencemethodsandstatedpreference(SP)methodshavebothbeenappliedbyeconomistsinvaluingnon-marketgoods;howeverbothmethodshaveinherentweaknesses.Inordertoexploitthestrengthsofthevariousapproacheswhileminimizingtheirweaknesses,combiningthetwomethodshasbecomeanimportantmethodologicaloption.Uptonow,agrowingnumberofliteraturesofstudyingcombingthetwotypesofdatahaveevolved,andresearchersdevelopedthreetypesofmodelstoestimatecombiningrevealedpreferenceandstatedpreferencedatainacademicfields:discretechoicemodel,continuouschoicemodelandmixedchoicemodel.Combiningstatedandrevealedpreferencemethodshavebeendevelopedfastespeciallyinthetransportstudyfieldinwhichideascouldalsobeleantforenvironmentaleconomicstudies.

简介：AnalgorithmforcomputationofcloudmotionwindshasbeendevelopedattheNationalSatelliteMeteorologicalCenterinChina.Since1997,ithasbeenappliedtocalculatethecloudmotionwindsfora1.25lat.×1.25long.meshoverthenorthwestPacificregionwiththesatellitedatafromGMS-5.Thedevelopmentofthetropicalcyclonesisstudied.Itshowsthatthetropicalcycloneisusuallyintriguedbythewesterlyjetstreamsattheupperlevelsofthetroposphere,whichmaybecausedbymid-latitudetroughswellextendingintothetropics.Duringtheprimeseasonofsummer,thewesterlyflowingequatorwardoftheTUTTmayalsobeacauseforthegenerationoftyphoons.

简介：Objective:Congenitalauditoryneuropathy(AN)affectshearingandspeechdevelopment.ThedegreeofhearingdifficultyincongenitalANvariesasafunctionofpathologyattheinnerearhaircell(IHC)synapsesortheauditorynerve.WereportacaseofaChinesegirlwithANrevealedbyOTOF(otoferlin)genemutationanalysiswhohadonlyamildhearingloss.Patient:A13-year-oldChinesegirlwasdiagnosedashavingcongenitalANonthebasisofOTOFgenemutationanalysis.Shemanifestamildsensorineuralhearinglosswith50%maximummonosyllablespeechdiscriminationrate,normalDPOAEs(distortionproductotoacousticemissions)beyondambientnoiselevels,onlySPs(summatingpotentials)evokedduringECoG(electrocochleography)andabsentABRs(auditoryevokedbrainstemresponses)bilaterallytoclickspresentedat100dBnHL.Shewasabletoeffectivelycommunicatewithothersbyspeechreadingowingtohermildhearingloss.Moreover,bilateralhearingaidshelpedhertocommunicate.Conclusions:OurpatientwasdemonstratedtohaveamutationontheOTOFgene.Nevertheless,shewasabletocommunicateusingauditoryvisualspeechreadinginspiteofamildauditorythresholdelevationprobablyduetopartialpathologyattheIHCsynapsesorintheauditorynerve.

简介：MIF受体的最近的克隆在我们分子的生物学的理解和MIF的免疫学充满重要差距。MIF受体象MIF一样，不掉进蛋白质调停人的任何确定的家庭，提供为MIF信号transduction的结构、功能的分析的新挑战和机会。

简介：TheEmeishanlargeigneousprovince(hereafternamedbyitsacronymELIP)isthefirstacceptedlargeigneousregioninChina.Thecurrentstudytriestoreconstructthedensitystructureofthecrustinthisregion.Forthispurpose,weconductedthegravitysurveyalongan800-km-longprofile,whichstretchedlaterallyalongthelatitude27°NfromLijiang(Yunnanprovince)toGuiyang(Guizhouprovince).Thefieldworkincluded338gravitymeasurementsdistributedfromtheinnerzonetotheouterzoneofthemantleplumehead.Afteraseriesofgravityreductions,wecalculatedtheBouguergravityanomalyandthenconstructedthedensitymodelforELIPbyiterativeforwardmodelingfromaninitialdensitymodeltightlyconstrainedbywide-angleseismicreflectiondata.ThetopographyoftheMoho,herephysicallyinterpretedasadensitydiscontinuityof~0.4g·cm–3,graduallyrisesfromtheinnerzone(~50kmdeep)totheouterzone(~40km),describesathickercrustintheinnerzonethaninanyothersegmentoftheprofileandlargelyreproducestheshapeoftheBouguergravityanomalycurve.BoththeBouguergravityandthedensitystructureshowsignificantdifferenceswithrespecttotheinnerzoneandtheothertwozonesofELIPaccordingtothecommonlyacceptedpartitionoftheEmeishanarea.Athickeranddensermiddle-lowercrustseemstobethemainfeatureofthewesternsectionoftheprofile,whichislikelyrelatedtoitsmaficmagmaticcompositionduetomagmaticunderplatingofthePermianmantleplume.

简介：Tetragoniscaangustula是在Neotropics的最普遍的无圈套的蜜蜂之一。这种经常聚集并且在城市的环境是极其成功的。另外，它是为在拉丁美洲的养蜂的最流行的无圈套的蜜蜂种类之一，因此巢交通并且做贸易是普通的。巢交通能改变主人人口的基因结构，减少使homogenization近交并且增加。这里，我们评估T的17张地理人口的基因结构。在南部的巴西的angustula确定在人口之间的基因区别的水平。分析从在大陆上并且在3个岛上散布的457个地点在部分定序的mitochondrial基因和1002个工人的11microsatelliteloci上被进行。我们的结果显示出那T。angustula人口是由mitochondrialDNA(mtDNA)和microsatellite标记示威了高度被区分。73haplotypes，67是人口特定的。MtDNA差异在9张人口是低的，但是microsatellite差异对在所有人口的高度中等。Microsatellite数据在整个学习区域建议基因流动的10基因簇和底层。然而，物理障碍例如河和山脉，或森林的存在或缺席看起来对人口簇无关。象由距离的低疏开，不同生态的条件，和隔离那样的因素很可能正在塑造这种的人口结构。因此远，巢交通没在学习区域影响一般人口结构。由于我们发现了的基因结构，然而，我们建议那巢交通应该仅仅发生在以内并且在遗传上类似的人口之间。

简介：SoutheasternChinacoversanextensiveareafromthelowerreachesoftheYangtzeRivertothesoutheastcoastofChinamainland.OneofitsmaingeologicalfeaturesistheextensiveJura-Cretaceous(Yanshanian)magmatismandrelatedmetallogenesis.Recently,someresearchersadvocatethemantleplumemodelasanexplanation,butalloftheirevidencesaretooambiguous.

简介：Thetotal15severedroughtsarediscoveredwiththeaidofthe'RetrievalSystemofChineseHistoricalClimateRecords'forthelast1000years.Thedroughtsareextensivetoenvelopemorethan4provincesandpersistenttocover3yrormore,andtheirseverityisequivalenttoorinexcessofthatinthe1930sinChina.Accordingtothedocumentaryrecordsandrestorationsitcanbeinferredthatmostdroughtsaremoreseverethanthoseinthelast50years.The15droughtsmayeitheroccurwarmorinacoldclimatebackground,with11ofthe15casesinthecoldphase.ThisindicatesthedifferenceinclimatecorrespondencebetweenChinaandnorthernAmerica,showingtheseverityoftheeventsinChinatobeinacoldinsteadofawarmclimatesituation.ThatislikelytorelatetothemonsoonclimateineasternAsia.

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简介：放大碎片长度多型性(AFLP)技术被用来在马尼拉蚌(Ruditapesphilippinarum)的四张自然人口分析基因差异，在中国的四个海区域分布式，我。e.，Bohai海，Huanghai海，华东海和华南海。264AFLPloci在195individuals被分析并且揭示了基因差异的高水平。多态的loci的百分比从92.13%～96.06%并且香农“s信息索引从0.2568～0.2756。由分析分子的变化(AMOVA)，有在Qingdao和另外的三个海区域的人口之间的基因区别的高水平，这被发现。由Nei的聚合分析“spairwisedistances由地理起源组织了标本，除了Qingdao的人口。一个结论能被得出在在中国和一些不同差别的马尼拉蚌的四张自然人口有高基因的差异，这存在在之中并且在四张人口之间。结果也显示人的耕作活动将在Qingdao的人口的基因结构上有大影响。

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