简介：Thispaperpresentsanewsplinecalledarcspline.Ittakestwoarcsconnectingadjacentpointsamongasampledseries,withknowntangentalofeachsampledpoint.Thecalculationfortheparallel.thecurvelengthandthesegment-ingpointcoordinatesaresimple,thusmakingmapsymbolgenerationsimplified.When'arclet'occurs,somespecialprocessingmustbetaken.

简介：处理模型，最少的正方形(LS)，Kalman过滤和H∞过滤的三个GPS运动学的数据的特征被讨论，他们的优点和劣势被比较。与观察数据和恰当的数据处理软件，三个模型的适用的条件，上下文和效果被试验。结果证明当活动平台在匀速运动时，三个模型的精确性是几乎相等的；当活动平台在随机的加速时，过滤模型的H∞的精确性比LS的优异，当过滤的Kalman的是最糟时。

简介：Thispaperintroducesanoveltechniqueforobjectdetectionusinggeneticalgorithmsandmorphologicalprocessing.Themethodemploysakindofobjectorientedstructureelement,whichisderivedbygeneticalgorithms.Thepopulationofmorphologicalfiltersisiterativelyevaluatedaccordingtoastatisticalperformanceindexcorrespondingtoobjectextractionability,andevolvesintoanoptimalstructuringelementusingtheevolutionprinciplesofgeneticsearch.Experimentalresultsofroadextractionfromhighresolutionsatelliteimagesarepresentedtoillustratethemeritandfeasibilityoftheproposedmethod.

简介：Ithasbeendebatedthatwhichofrasterandvectoristhemosteffective,fromtheviewpointsofstorageefficiency,processingefficiency,andabilitytocapturetheessenceofgeographicspaceforanapplication.Theremaybenoclearanswertothisdebate.Itseemsappropriatetonotethatthemaindifferencebetweenthemrelatestothedegreetowhichthespatialentitiesofinterestareexplicitinthedata.　Ingeneral,rasterremotesensingimageallowstheinvestigatortomeasureandmonitorsurfaceelectromagneticwavevariationinwhichmostobjectsandthespatialinterrelationshipsbetweenthemareimplicit.Inpractice,therearemanypoorlyunderstoodtradeoffsincouplingremotesensingdatatoexistingthematicmaps.Mapsusepointsandlinestorepresentselectedfeaturesoftheenvironmentinageneralizedfashion,buttheobjectssuchasindividualpolygons,linesandpointswithinanimagearetypicallyunknown.　　TheintegrationofremotesensinginformationintoaGISoccursnaturallyinarasterGISbecausebothdatastructuresareapproximatelythesame.Integrationintoavectorsystemrequiressomewhatmoreeffort,butithasbeenrecentlyachievedbyseveralGISandremotesensingvendors.Whenoneisstoringalargeamountofimagedatarelatedtosomeapplicationsintoaspatialdatabasesystem,itisnotpossibletoprocessthedataandtoobtainpolygonalrepresentationsofallobjectsthatwillbeofinteresttousersinadvance.Ontheotherhand,itmightbeofgreatvalueinsuchasystemtohaveavectorrepresentationofcertainimportantobjects.Forthisapplication,oneneedstodesignasystemwithbothrasterandvectorcapabilities,aswellastoolstointerrelatethem.Especially,asinFig.1,weneedtoprocessbothrasterandvectorsimultaneously.　　Asdescribedabove,whileaspatialinformationsystemmayhaveseveraldatastructures,thesystemcouldbeextendedinseveralwayswhichcorrespondtothefollowingdifferentproperties(seeFig.2):　1)Thestuructureinforma

简介：Airborne3DimagewhichintegratesGPS,attitudemeasurementunit(AMU),scanninglaserrangefinder(SLR)andspectralscannerhasbeendevelopedsuccessfully.ThespectralscannerandSLRusethesameopticalsystemwhichensureslaserpointtomatchpixelseamlessly.Thedistinctiveadvantageof3Dimageisthatitcanproducegeo_referencedimagesandDSM(digitalsurfacemodels)imageswithoutanygroundcontrolpoints(GCPs).ItisnolongernecessarytosurveyGCPsandwithsomesoftwaresthedatacanbeprocessedandproducedigitalsurfacemodels(DSM)andgeo_referencedimagesinquasi_real_time,therefore,theefficiencyof3Dimageis10～100timeshigherthanthatoftraditionalapproaches.Theprocessingprocedureinvolvesdecomposingandcheckingtherawdata,processingGPSdata,calculatingthepositionsoflasersamplepoints,producinggeo_referencedimage,producingDSMandmosaicingstrips.　Theprincipleof3Dimageisfirstintroducedinthispaper,andthenwefocusonthefastprocessingtechniqueandalgorithm.Theflighttestsandprocessedresultsshowthattheprocessingtechniqueisfeasibleandcanmeettherequirementofquasi_real_timeapplications.

简介：Thispaperinvestigatesthemathematicfeaturesofnon-linearmodelsanddiscussestheprocessingwayofnon-linearfactorswhichcontributestothenon-linearityofanonlinearmodel.Onthebasisoftheerrordefinition,thispaperputsforwardanewadjustmentcriterion,SGPE.Last,thispaperinvestigatesthesolutionofanon-linearregressionmodelinthenon-linearmodelspaceandmakesthecomparisonbetweentheestimatedvaluesinnon-linearmodelspaceandthoseinlinearmodelspace.

简介：为GPS和INS(惯性的航行系统)处理的综合数据的方法用过滤技术的适应Kalman在落基山脉上回答测试被介绍。根据已知的GPS产量和GPS和INS的偏移量，州的方程和观察被设计执行计算并且改进航行精确性。与方法，可靠航行参数被获得了的例子hows。

简介：Theprocessingofnonlineardatawasoneofhottopicsinsurveyingandmappingfieldinrecentyears.Asaresult,manylinearmethodsandnonlinearmethodshavebeendeveloped.Butthemethodsforprocessinggeneralizednonlinearsurveyingandmappingdata,especiallyfordifferentdatatypesandincludingunknownparameterswithrandomornonrandom,areseldomnoticed.Anewalgorithmmodelispresentedinthispaperforprocessingnonlineardynamicmultiple-periodandmultiple-accuracydataderivedfromdeformationmonitoringnetwork.

简介：Thefeasibilityofmoni-toringthechangeofcitysettlementusingGPSsurveyinginsteadoflevel-ingisstudied.AfiducialnetworkandamonitoringnetworkareestablishedinNingbocity.TwoperiodsofGPSobservationarecompleted.Somemeasuresaretakenduringtheobser-vationinordertoensuretoobtainthehigh-preciseheightcomponent.TheSaastamoinenmodelisadoptedinthedataprocessingofthedrycomponentpartofthetroposphericdelay.Thewetcomponentchangeofthetropo-sphericdelayisestimatedbystochasticprocessesmodel.WhenBernesesoft-wareisusedtoprocessthedata,themillimeterlevelprecisionofheightmeasuringisachieved.