简介：Objective:Population-basedcancerregistrationdatawereusedtoanalyzetheepidemiologyandtrendofmalignantmesotheliomainChina,andtheresultwouldprovidebasicdataforitspreventionandcontrol.Methods:Malignantmesotheliomadatain2013wereretrievedfromthedatabaseofNationalCancerRegistry.Malignantmesotheliomaincidenceandmortalitywereestimatedusingage-specificratebyurban/ruralandgenderaccordingtothenationalpopulationin2013.Malignantmesotheliomadatafrom22cancerregistrieswereusedfortrendanalysisduring2000–2013.Results:Itisestimatedthattherewere2,041newmalignantmesotheliomacasesand1,659malignantmesotheliomadeathsoccurredin2013.ThecrudeincidencerateinChinawere1.50/106(males1.67/106,females1.32/106),age-standardizedincidenceratesbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASIRC)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASIRW)were1.03/106and1.02/106,respectively.ThecrudemortalityrateinChinawas1.22/106(males1.67/106,females1.32/106),age-standardizedmortalityratesbyChinesestandardpopulation(ASMRC)andbyworldstandardpopulation(ASMRW)were0.83/106and0.81/106,respectively.TherewasanincreasingtrendofincidencerateformalignantmesotheliomainregistrationareasofChinaduring2000–2013withannualpercentagechange(APC)of2.5%[95%confidenceinterval(95%CI):0.6%–4.5%].Afteragestandardization,nosignificantdifferenceswereobserved.Nomatterforcrudemortalityratesorage-standardizedmortalityrates,nosignificantdifferenceswereobservedduring2000–2013.Conclusions:Malignantmesotheliomaisthemajoroccupationalandenvironmentalneoplasmassociatedwithasbestosexposure.Theincreasingincidencetrendsuggeststhatmoreattentionshouldbepaidonthisdisease.

简介：AbstractMalignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive malignant disease. Currently, the platinum doublet of pemetrexed and cisplatin is the standard first-line treatment for unresectable MPM. However, recent promising results of immunotherapy have markedly changed the landscape of MPM treatment. Further, the ongoing innovative therapeutic strategies are expected to expand the range of treatment options; however, several questions remain unanswered. First, establishing predictive biomarkers with high potency is urgently needed to optimize the patient selection process. Second, further exploration of the combination algorithm is expected to unveil more effective and safe regimens. Moreover, other dilemmas, such as the resistance mechanism of immunotherapy and the role of immunotherapy in perioperative settings, still warrant further exploration.

简介：Objective:Tostudythetechniquesofplacementofmemoryalloyplatinggoldbiliarystentandplasticstentforpalliationofmalignantandbenignbiliaryobstruction,andtoassessitsclinicaleffectiveness.Methods:Thepatientsinplasticstentgroupincludedpaplillaofduodenuminflamationalstrictures(n=24),commonbileductinflammationalinferiorsegmentstrictures(n=4),choledocholithiasis(n=5),bileleak(n=11),bileductsurgeryinjurey(n=7)andpancreaticcarcinoma(n=1).Thepatientsinplatinggoldstentgroupincludedcommonbileductcarcinoma(n=5)andpancreaticcarcinoma(n=6).Underfluoroscopicguidancethestentwasinsertedintobiliaryobstructionsitesfromoralcavityinallcases.Complications,liverfunctionandbloodserumamylasewereinvestigatedduringthestudyperiod.Results:Successfulstentplacementwasachievedinallcases.Afteroperationof7days,ingoldbiliarystentgroups,theratesofdecreaseofbloodserumtotalbilirubin,glutamic-pyruvictransaminase,r-glutamyltranspeptidaseandalkalinephosphatasewere67.16%,58.37%,40.63%and41.54%respectively.Inplasticstentgroup,theratesofdecreaseofSTB,ALT,r-GTandAKPwere53.24%,55.03%,37.15%,34.12%respectively.Earlycomplicationincludedpost-ERCPpancreatitisandcholangititis.Occlusionofstentwasthemajorlatecomplication.Conclusion:Memoryalloyplatinggoldbiliarystentandplasticstentweresafeandefficaciousmethodsformalignantandbenignbiliaryobstruction,andcouldimprovepatient'slivingquality.Plasticstentwasanefficientcomplementfortherapyofbileleakandbileductinjury.

简介：生来的杀手(NK)房间对癌症在主人免疫起关键作用。在反应，癌症开发机制逃离NK房间攻击或导致有缺点的NK房间。当前的NK基于房间的癌症免疫疗法试图用几条途径克服NK房间麻痹。一条途径使用扩展allogeneicNK房间，它没被象自体同源的NK房间一样的自我histocompatibility抗原禁止，为采纳细胞的免疫疗法。另一条采纳转移途径使用稳定的allogeneicNK房间线，它为质量控制和大规模生产是更实际的。第三条途径是新鲜NK房间或NK房间线的基因修正高度表示cytokines，Fc受体或妄想的肿瘤抗原受体。治疗学的NK细胞能从各种各样的来源被导出，包括细胞，干细胞或甚至导致的pluripotent干细胞(iPSCs)，和许多激发器能被用于的外设或绳索血在实验室或好生产实践(GMP)的大规模生产设备包括可溶的生长因素，使不能调动的分子或抗体，和另外的细胞的使活跃之物。到在临床的试用的癌症的对待几类型的NK房间治疗的一张表这里被考察。基于NK的免疫疗法的几条不同途径例如织物特定的NK房间，漂亮面向受体的NK房间和化学上对待的NK房间，被讨论。一些新技术或策略到由非侵略的成像的监视器NK房间治疗，预定NK房间治疗由的效率在vivo实验并且在临床的试用评估NK房间治疗途径也被介绍。

简介：Objective:TodetectdifferentialproteinexpressioninmalignantandnormallivercelllinesinvitrousingtheSELDIProteinChipplatform,forinvestigatingthepathogenesisoflivercancer.Methods:Twocelllines,humannormallivercelllineL02andhepatomacelllineSMMC-7721wereculturedroutinely,harvestedingoodconditionandlysed.Afterquantification,thesupernatantofthelysatewastestedbyIMAC3(ImmobilizedMentalAffinityCapture)andWCX2(WeakCationExchange)chipsontheSELDI-TOF-MSProteinChipreader.Results:Proteinexpressiondifferedbetweenthemalignantandnormallivercelllines.Atotalof20differentiallyexpressedproteinswerefound,amongwhich,7werecapturedbytheIMAC3chipand14bytheWCX2chip.Peaksat5,419,7,979and11,265Dawerehigherandat8,103,8,492,10,160and11,304DalowerinSMMC-7721cellsbytheIMAC3chip;peaksat7,517,7,945and7,979Dawerehigherandat5,061,5,551,5,818,7,439,9,401,10,100,10,312,11,621,11,662,11,830and12,772DalowerinSMMC-7721cellsbytheWCX2chip.Interestingly,bothchipscapturedthe7,979Dapeak.Inaddition,the11,081DapeakcorrespondedpreciselywiththemolecularmassofthecalciumbindingproteinS100A10,whichmayparticipateintheformationoflivercancerinassociationwithp36.Conclusion:DetectingdifferentialproteinexpressioninmalignantandnormallivercelllinesusingtheSELDIProteinChipplatformwassimple,sensitiveandrepeatable.Theresultsweobtainedcanserveasabasisforinvestigatingthepathogenesisoflivercancerandaidthediscoveryofnewtherapeutictargets.

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Malignant syphilis (MS) is a rare and severe variant of secondary syphilis that is frequently associated with HIV infection. The clinical impact of HIV and syphilis co-infection is bidirectional, and the presence of MS is associated with acute HIV infection. Clinically, MS is characterized by nodular and ulcerative lesions affecting the trunk and extremities, which are covered with thick crusts. The treatment of choice for MS remains benzathine penicillin G. Herein, we report a case in which MS was the initial presentation of HIV infection.Case presentation:A 35-year-old male patient came with the chief complaint of extensive erythematous nodular rash for the past one month, with notable ulceration on some lesions with annular configuration along with fever and malaise. Based on the abovementioned clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic findings, the patient was diagnosed with MS and HIV. The diagnosis was established based on histopathological examination and syphilis serological testing.Discussion:Cutaneous disorders are a frequent presenting feature of HIV infection. The clinical manifestations of syphilis in immunosuppressed patients are often severe and/or atypical. The patient was then treated with weekly intramuscular administration of 2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin G for 3 weeks and achieved rapid and significant clinical improvement, with no Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction.Conclusion:Co-infection with syphilis and HIV alters the course of both diseases, and most HIV-infected patients with syphilis have typical disease manifestations associated with decreased CD4+ T-cell counts.

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简介：客观：在食管的恶意的阻塞上学习内视镜的治疗的效果。方法：先进食道的癌症病人的64个盒子有食管的阻塞，7个盒子不能被操作，57个盒子复发了在操作以后的损害和放射治疗。阻塞都与食道的扩张器被扩大，然后用elemene乳剂注射和stent的本地化疗，或本地管理被对待被放在食道的腔。结果：阻塞与膨胀被减轻仅仅大约一个星期，而是阻塞，用用另外的治疗在膨胀以后减轻了超过三个月。在膨胀以后，然而，癌的PR在本地化疗组是大约80%CR是大约8%，PR在elemene的组是大约92%乳剂注射。结论：内视镜的治疗是为先进食道的癌症的一个有效辩解的方法。

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简介：AbstractObjective:To review the role of adjuvant hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) in the treatment of malignant otitis externa (MOE).Data sources:PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library were searched for the following concepts: "hyperbaric oxygen" and "malignant or necrotizing otitis externa."Methods:Studies were included if they contained (1) patients with reported evidence of MOE, (2) employment of adjuvant HBOT, (3) details on patients’ medical condition, and (4) documented survival outcomes. Extracted information included patient demographics, underlying medical conditions, infectious etiology, signs and symptoms, medical and surgical treatments, duration of medical treatment, mean follow up time, HBOT setting, number of HBOT sessions, complications, survival rate, and all-cause mortality.Results:A total of 16 studies comprising 58 patients (mean age 68.0 years) were included. Diabetes was present in 94.7% of cases and Pseudomonas spp (64.3%) was the most common infectious agent. Cranial nerve VII was involved in 55.2% of cases. Overall, the disease cure rate with adjuvant HBOT was 91.4% and all-cause mortality was 8.6%. Among those who had cranial nerve VII involvement, 72.0% had return of function and 93.8% of them survived.Conclusion:HBOT may be an effective treatment option for refractory or advanced MOE but its efficacy remains unproven due to lack of strong scientific evidence. However, its therapeutic value should not be underestimated given good results and few adverse events reported in this study.

简介：Splenicmetastasisisgenerallynotacommonclinicalevent.However,metastasistothespleenfromadrenalpheochromocytomaisextremelyrareandhasnotbeenreportedinliterature.Thisreportpresentsacaseofa58year-oldmalepatientwhodevelopedspleen-onlymetastasesinJuly2007.ThepatienthadaprevioushistoryofleftepinephroectomyforadrenalpheochromocytomainJanuary2003.Abdominalcomputedtomographydemonstratedmultipleenhancinglesionssuggestiveofmetastases;thussplenectomywasperformed.Pathologicalexaminationsconfirmedthediagnosisofsplenicmetastasesfrompheochromocytoma.Thepatientwasalivewithoutrecurrence48monthsaftersplenectomy.Thisstudyisthefirstreportonsplenicmetastasisfrompreviousadrenalpheochromocytoma,andlong-termsurvivalwasachievedbysplenectomy.Ahistoryofmalignancyindicatesahighindexofsuspicionforsplenicmetastasis,andlong-termsurvivalcanbeachievedbysplenectomyforspleen-onlymetastasis.

简介：Objective:TostudytheeffectofantisenseVEGFRNAonratC6gliomasinvivoandfindoutthefeasibilityofantiangiogenesistherapywithantisenseVEGFRNAformalignantgliomas.Methods:ParentalratC6gliomacellsandC6cellstransfectedwithantisenseVEGFcDNAwereimplantedintracerebrallyandsubcutaneouslyintoSDratsascontrolandtransfectedgroup.RatsbearingcerebralandsubcutaneousC6gliomasweretreatedwithantisenseVEGFcDNAastreatedgroupandsenseVEGFcDNAandemptyvectorascontroloftreatedgroup.Thegeneralmanifestation,survivaltime,MRIandhistopathologicalchangesofallratswereobserved.Thevolumeofsubcutaneouslyimplantedtumorswasdeterminedregularly.InsituhybridizationandimmunohistochemicalstainingwereusedfordetectionofVEGFgeneexpressionofgliomaswhilePCNAimmunostainingandTUNELmethodforexaminationofproliferationactivityandapoptosisofgliomas,respectively.Results:Thesurvivaloftheratsintransfectedandtreatedgroupwasprolonged.Thereweretworatssurvivingover90dinthetreatedgroupandtheirtumorsdisappeared.TheVEGFgeneexpression,thenumberofmicrovesselsandtheproliferationactivityweredecreasedandalargeamountofapoptoticcellscouldbefoundincerebralandsubcutaneousgliomasintreatedandtransfectedgroups.Conclusion:VEGFisoneofthecandidategenesforgenetherapyofmalignantgliomas.AntisenseVEGFRNAcombinedwithothertherapiesshouldbestudiedfurtherforenhancingthetherapeuticeffectofmalignantgliomas.

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简介：AIM:Todescribeanewclassificationmethodofrighthepatectomyaccordingtothedifferentspecialpositionsoftumors.METHODS:Accordingtopositions,91patientswithmalignanthepatictumorintherightliverlobeweredividedintosixgroups:tumorsintherightposteriorlobeand(or)therightcaudatelobecompressingtherightportalhilum(n=14,15.4%),tumorsintherightliverlobecompressingtheinferiorvenacavaand(or)hepaticveins(n=11,12.9%),tumorsinfiltratingdiaphragmaticmuscle(n=7,7.7%),tumorsinthehepatorenalrecess(infiltratingtherightfattyrenalcapsule,transversecolonandrightadrenalgland,n=8,8.8%),tumorsdeeplylocatednearthevertebralbody(n=3,3.3%),tumorsatothersitesintherightliverlobe(thecontrolgroup,n=48,52.75%).Thevaluesofintraoperativebloodloss(IBL),tumor'smaximcross-sectionarea(TMCSA),andtimeofhepatichilumclamping(THHC)andincidenceofpostoperativecomplicationswerecomparedbetweenfivegroupsoftumorandcontrolgroup,respectively.RESULTS:TheTHHCingroups1-4wassignificantlylongerthanthatinthecontrolgroup,theIBLingroups1-4wassignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrolgroup,theTMCSAingroups2-4wassignificantlylargerthanthatinthecontrolgroup,andtheratioofIBL/TMCSAingroup1wassignificantlyhigherthanthatinthecontrolgroup.Therewasnosignificantdifferenceintheindexesbetweengroup5andthecontrolgroup.CONCLUSION:ThesiteoftumoristhekeyfactorthatdeterminesIBL.

简介：Toobservetheprocessofinvasion,retinaofratwasusedasamodeltosubstitutetheinnerlimitingmembraneofretinaforthebasementmembrane.RetinainvadedbyesophagealcarcinomacellsandB16melanomacellsupontheinnerlimitingmembranewasstudiedbyscanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopy.Theresultsshowedthattheinnerlimitingmembranewasdestroyedbybothkindsoftumorcells.Theprocessofdestructionwasfollowedbyaseriesoftransformationsintheinnerlimitingmembrane,i.e.folding,swelling,thickening,andgranularchange.Theinnerlimitingmembranewasdissolvedfocallyasaresultoftransformation,andthentumorcellsinvadedtheretinathroughthesedissolvedregions.Itseemsthat,asabarrier,theinnerlimitingmembraneplaysasimilarroleasthebasementmembrane.

简介：Objective:Flupirtineisanon-opioidanalgesicwithoutantipyreticorantiphlogisticpropertiesbutwithfavorabletolerabilityinhumans.Thisanalgesicalsoexhibitsneuroprotectiveactivities.Furthermore,flupirtineantagonizesglutamateandNMDA-inducedintracellularlevelsofCa2+andcounteractstheeffectsoffocalcerebralischemia.Althoughflupirtinehasbeenusedtorelievepaincausedbydifferentdiseasesandclinicalprocedures,informationonthesafetyandefficacyofflupirtineislimited.ThepresentstudywasconductedtoinvestigatetheneuroprotectiveeffectsofflupirtineonU373malignantglioma(MG)celllines.Methods:CellviabilityandcellcycleanalysiswasperformedbyMTTassayandflowcytometry,respectively.Results:VariationsinthegrowthofU373MGcellsin5mMN-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA),1mMflupirtine,andcombinedtreatmentindicatedtheantagonisticeffectsofNMDAandflupirtineonMGcelllines.Thevariationinthepercentageofgatedcellpopulationindifferentcellcyclephasesshowedsignificantvariationsafter48hoftreatment.Conclusion:FlupirtinehasneuroprotectiveeffectofonU373MGcells,whichlimitsitsuseinthepainmanagementofbraintumors.Thispropertywarrantsfurtherstudiesusinganimalmodelsandlarge-scaleclinicaltrials.

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简介：Objective:Toanalyzetheinfluencingfactorsforradiation-inducedheartdisease(RIHD)inapanelofcaseswithmalignantthymictumorstreatedbyradiotherapy.Methods:52consecutivepatientsweretreatedbyradiotherapyformalignantthymictumor(14atMasaokastageII,23atstageIIIand15atstageIV).Treatmentincludedradical(in20),postoperative(in14),preoperative(in2)andpalliative(in16)radiotherapy.Theconventionaltwo-dimension(2D)radiationtherapywasperformedinforty-sevenpatientsandthree-dimension(3D)conformalradiationtherapyhasbeenusedin5patientssinceOctober2000.Thetotaltumordoserangedfrom10Gyto84.5Gy(medianof55Gy).Chemotherapywasgivenintwenty-fivepatientsbeforeorafterradiotherapy.Theresultsoffollowing-upcouldbeobtainedfromthedatabaseandupdatedwhereappropriated.Thedosevolumehistogram(DVH)ofheartinradiotherapyforallpatientswasanalyzedfortheeffectivevolumedoseofheart.Result:Themedianfollowing-upwas14months(rangedfrom0.6to111.3months)inthestudy.RIHDwasobservedinsevenpatients.CardiactoxicityofthesesevenpatientswereevaluatedasSOMAgrade1-3.Themediantwo-thirdeffectivevolumedoseofheartwas47.2Gy(rangedfrom8.3Gyto70.1Gy)forconventional2Dradiotherapy,whichcorrelatedwiththymictumordose(P<0.0001).Themediantwo-thirdeffectivevolumedoseofheartwas35.3Gy(rangedfrom13Gyto38.7Gy)for3Dconformalradiotherapy.Theeffectivevolumedosesofheartweredecreasedbyusing3Dconformalradiotherapy(P=0.048).Asignificantassociationbetweencardiactoxicityandeffectivevolumedoseofheartwasfoundinthisstudy(P<0.0001).Cardiactoxicityaccountedfor10.4%and4.1%ofpatientsreceivingandnotreceivingadjuvantchemotherapy,respectively,andoccurredearlierinradiochemotherapygroup(P=0.0528).Multivariateanalysissuggestedthatcardiactoxicitywassignificantlyinfluencedbytheeffectivevolumedoseofheartandchemotherapy.C

简介：AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been discovered and are increasingly recognized as vital components of modern molecular biology. Accumulating evidence shows that lncRNAs have emerged as important mediators in diverse biological processes such as cell differentiation, pluripotency, and tumorigenesis, while the function of lncRNAs in the field of normal and malignant hematopoiesis remains to be further elucidated. Here, we widely reviewed recent advances and summarize the characteristics and basic mechanisms of lncRNAs and keep abreast of developments of lncRNAs within the field of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Based on gene regulatory networks at different levels of lncRNAs participation, lncRNAs have been shown to regulate gene expression from epigenetics, transcription and post transcription. The expression of lncRNAs is highly cell-specific and critical for the development and activation of hematopoiesis. Moreover, we also summarized the role of lncRNAs involved in hematological malignancies in recent years. LncRNAs have been found to play an emerging role in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, which may provide novel ideas for the diagnosis and therapeutic targets of hematological diseases in the foreseeable future.

简介：Duringautologousbonemarrowgraftintreatmentofmalignantdiseases,itiscriticaltopurgemalignantcellsfromthemarrow.Inthepresentstudy,thesensitivitytophotodynamicinactivationof3leukemiccelllineswascomparedwiththeircounterpartnormalhematopoieticcells.AftermouseleukemicL1210cellsweretreatedwithapreparationofhematoporphyrinderivatives,YHpD,10μg/mlfor1hr.andirradiatedwithblacklight(peakwavelength395nm,lightintensity0.6mW/cm2)for5minutes,thesurvivalrateofclonogeniccellsdecreasedto<10%,whilethatofbonemarrowgranulocytemacrophageprogenitorcells(CFU-GM)inDBA/2miceremainedatnearlynormallevel(>80%).SimilarresultswereobtainedwhenhumanleukemicHL-60cellswerecomparedwithhumanCFU-GMandmouseleukemicL615cellswithCFU-GMin615strainmice.ItissuggestedthathematoporphyrinphotoradiationmaybeusefulforIselectivelykillingleukemiccellsinbonemarrow.