简介：Withdevelopmentofmoderngeoscience,particularlydevelopmentofenvironmentalsciences,thecontemporarysoilscienceisundergoinggreatchangesinbothresearchcontentsandscope.Soilisnotonlyacertainsubstanceoracertainindependentnaturalhistoricalbodybutalsoasphericlayerwithpeculiarstructureandfunctionsintheearthsystem.Fromtheviewpointofthegeo-biospheresystemofearth,soilsciencedoesdealnotonlywiththesoilsubstancespersebutalsomoreimportantlywiththerelationshipsamongsoil,theotherspheresandthehumansurvivalenvironmentinviewofthe"pedosphere",Thisistheneworientationofsoilsciencetodayandwillaffectprofoundlythestudiesonthehumansurvivalenvironmentandglobalchanges,Tothrowmorelightonthissubject,thepresentpaperintendstoaddresstheconceptionofpedosphereanditsroleinglobalchanges,AlsoaddressedareseriesofenvironmentalissuesinChinaandtheirrelationstotheglobalchanges.Moreover,researchorientationandprioritiesareindicated,includingexploitationandprotectionofthesoilresources,soilfertilityandsustainableagriculturaldevelopment,constructionoftheecologicalenvironment,andthematerialcyclinginpedosphereanditsrelationtoglobalchanges.

简介：Sorptionofacetanilideherbicides,metolachlor,acetochlor,pretilachlorandbutachloroneightsoilswithvariousphysicalandchemicalpropertieswasstudied,TheadsporptionisothermscouldfitFreundlichequationwell(r^2≥0.91)andtheadsorptionextentsincreasedintheorder:metolachlor

简介：Atelevatedtemperatureregimesandabundantprecipitation,mobilizationandaccretionofweatheredironoxidesarepromotedespeciallyinareducedenvironmentsinthetropics.Thismayleadtotheformationofplinthite,whichhardensirreversiblyuponrepeatedwettinganddryingtoformpetroplinthite.Theneedforthisreviewstemsfromtheseeminglydearthofinformationonthesubjectandaneedtoclarifydifferenttermsusedindescribingplinthite.Wereviewvariousresearchworksonplinthiteanditsassociatedpedogenicformsinthetropics.Furthermore,weprofferrecommendationsastothemostappropriatelandusemanagementpracticesthatcouldhelpminimisetheenvironmentalandagronomicproblemsassociatedwithplinthiteanditsrelatedpedogenicforms.Parentmaterial,temperature,seasonalityandgeomorphologyarecriticalfactorsthatinfluencesoilwaterregimewhichinturnaffectthepedogenesisofplinthite.SoilpHandmineralogyareadditionalfactorsthatcouldalsopromoteplinthiteformation.Fossilplinthicsoilsarepotentialproxiesforpalaeoenvironmentalreconstruction.Measuresusedinthemanagementofplinthicsoilsincludemechanicallybreakingthehardpansandtheuseoforganicandinorganicamendmentstomodifythestructureandchemistryofthesoils.Avoidanceofpracticesthatwouldpredisposesoilstoerosionwouldalsopreventplinthization.Wecallfortherelinquishmentoftheterm'laterite'whichisageneraltermforallformsofironoxide-enrichedearthymaterialsasusedforplinthite.PlinthichorizonshouldalsobeincorporatedintotheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureSoilTaxonomyinviewofitsgrowingimportanceinsoils.

简介：RedsoilisaveryimportantsoilresourceinsouthernChina.However,duetobeingsimultaneouslyofhighproductivepotentialitiesandseverelydegraded,itneedsharnessingurgently.RedSoilResourceInformationSystem(RSRIS)basedonremoltesensingandgeographicinformationsystem(GIS)playsanimportantroleinsurvey,evaluation,utilziationandmanagementofredsoilresource.RSRISofQuzhouCity,ZhejiangProvince(1:250000)andRSRISofLongyouCounty,ZhejiangProvince(1:50000)havebeenmaderespectivelyonSUNSPARCstationandusingRC/INFO.Thispaperintroducesthesystemdesign,databsecreationandsystemfunctions,anditparticularlyfocusesondevelopingappliedmodels,suchasredsoilresourcedivisonandmapping,suitabilityevaluation,erosionriskevaluation,plantutilizationzoneetc.TheproblemsonstudyofRSRISanditsdevelopingstrategyarealsodiscussed.

简介：ThroughapotculturelanthanumnitratewasappliedtomaizeseedlingsgrowninaredloamysoiltoinvestigatethephysiologicalandtoxiceffectsofaddedLaonthegrowthofcropseedlingsandLabioaccumulationtohelpunderstandtheenvironmentalchemistrybehaviorsofrareearthelementasfertilizersinsoils.Comparedtothecontrol,LaconcentrationsinshootsandespeciallyinrootsofmaizeseedlingsincreasedwithanincreaseofLainthesoil.Also,withaddedconcentrationsofLa≥0.75gLakg-1soiland≥0.05gLakg-1soil,thedryweightofshootsandrootsofmaizeseedlingswassignificantlyreduced(P≤0.05),respectively,comparedwiththecontrol.Additionally,La≥0.5gkg-1inthesoilsignificantlyinhibited(P≤0.05)primaryrootelongation.RootsweremoresensitivetoLastressthanshootsandthuscouldbeusedasabiomarkertoLastress.Overall,intheredloamysoilstudied,LahadnosignificantbeneficialeffectsonthegrowthofmaizeattheaddedLalevelsabove0.1gkg-1soil.

简介：为绿粪肥被栽培的钩子庄稼在改进土壤性质起一个重要作用。一个3年的地实验被进行调查钩子庄稼的效果(豌豆，PisumsativumL.)管理，即，在10月/11月(秋天)和三月(春天)的钩子庄稼的加入，并且没有钩子庄稼(控制)，在土壤上器官的碳(SOC)，微生物引起的生物资源碳(MBC)和碳(C)周期酶，包括的绗维素酶(Cel)，-glucosidase(Glu)和转化酶(Inv)的活动。另外，玷污全部的氮(TN)和pHKCl被调查。钩子庄稼每年在20082010期间从8月被栽培到10月。土壤样品从在钩子庄稼以后被种了的春天大麦(HordeumvulgareL.)的地被收集。为微生物引起的活动决心的土壤样品在2009，2010和2011在三月，5月，6月和8月被拿，当SOC和TN象pH一样满足KCl在三月和8月被决定。性质学习了的化学药品没显示出由试验性的因素影响了的重要变化。钩子庄稼的使用显著地与控制相比增加了MBC内容和C周期酶的活动。当钩子庄稼在春天被合并时，一个显著地更高的MBC内容与秋天加入相比在三月和5月被注意。而且，钩子庄稼的春天加入显著地增加了Glu活动(除了三月)，当时象基础呼吸通常是的土壤的率一样的Cel和Inv的活动未受影响等到钩子庄稼加入。在钩子的更大的微生物引起的生物资源和更高的酶活动与控制相比，当绿粪肥能被推荐为一种有希望的技术增加土壤的生物活动，对待庄稼的土壤显示钩子的申请收割。因为没有重要效果或没有一致结果与钩子庄稼加入的时间有关被获得，春天和秋天应用能被推荐为一个管理工具在随后的庄稼的生长期间改进土壤性质的地位。