简介:摘要:通过清晰的认识和分析设备供电状况,更迅速的排除设备故障,在清晰的思路下,可以提供排除方向,更快速有效定位故障点,通过有效的手段及对供电系统流程的理解,能够更直观的对故障现象进行分析,并形成直接快速的方法,将其能够按步骤进行逐步排除。
简介:摘要:本文针对学生不易掌握导数含参数问题中参数该如何分类的问题,通过对几个典型问题的探究,结合流程图来对参数的分类方法和含参数问题的求解步骤来进行总结,形成解决此类问题的模式化解题方法。用流程图来体现参数的分类方法,直观明了,易理解,将解题思想流程化,易操作。
简介:摘要目的研究经阴道自然孔道内镜手术(vNOTES)及经脐单孔腹腔镜手术(TU-LESS)行子宫全切除术时的安全性及可行性。方法回顾性分析2018年10月1日至2019年6月30日因子宫良性病变于四川大学华西第二医院行子宫全切除术患者的临床资料,根据手术方式分为vNOTES组和TU-LESS组。对比分析两组患者的手术成功率、子宫体积、手术时间、手术失血量、术中并发症发生率、术后并发症发生率、术后排气时间、术后留置尿管时间、住院时间等临床指标。结果vNOTES组患者30例,TU-LESS组患者77例,两组患者均顺利完成子宫全切除术,无患者更改手术途径,两组的手术成功率均为100%。vNOTES组和TU-LESS组患者的子宫体积[分别为(165±36)、(235±38) cm3,P=0.243]、手术时间[分别为(150±41)、(169±48) min,P=0.063]、手术失血量[分别为(54±15)、(54±14) ml,P=0.985]、术中并发症发生率[分别为3%(1/30)、3%(2/77),P=1.000]、术后并发症发生率[分别为13%(4/30)、4%(3/77),P=0.095]、切除双侧附件的比率[分别为50%(15/30)、31%(24/77),P=0.069]分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。两组患者的术后排气时间[分别为(1.7±0.5)、(2.3±0.6) d,P=0.001]、术后留置尿管时间[分别为(1.9±0.4)、(2.3±0.6) d,P=0.004]、住院时间[分别为(3.2±0.8)、(3.6±0.9) d,P=0.045]分别比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05),vNOTES组患者均短于TU-LESS组。结论vNOTES途径及TU-LESS途径行子宫全切除术时均安全、可行,但vNOTES途径更有利于患者的术后康复,有更小的创伤及最佳的手术无痕效果。
简介:摘要目的观察肝细胞癌患者血清中微小RNA(miRNA,miR)-432、微小RNA-432(miR-30b)及微小RNA-432(miR-764)水平。方法选取安徽医科大学第三附属医院2015年1月30日至2018年1月30日收治的150例肝细胞癌患者,同时选取150例年龄匹配的体检结果健康者作为对照组,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测研究对象外周血中miR-432、miR-30b及miR-764表达水平。观察miR-432、miR-30b及miR-764与肝细胞癌患者临床病理因素的相关性,并对肝细胞癌患者进行随访,观察miR-432、miR-30b及miR-764与患者总生存期(OS)的相关性。采用独立样本t检验及Log-rank检验。结果肝细胞癌患者外周血中miR-432(2.11±0.71)、miR-30b(1.88±0.68)及miR-764(1.90±0.65)水平均较对照组高(1.12±0.40、1.01±0.38、0.99±0.35,t=4.879、13.679、15.097,P<0.01)。miR-432、miR-764表达量与肝细胞癌TNM分期有相关(P<0.05),miR-30b与肝细胞癌TNM分期及分化程度有相关(P<0.05)。Kaplan-Meier法及Log-rank检验显示,miR-432、miR-30b及miR-764表达量升高组OS短于降低组(Log-rank χ2=16.433、10.575、7.998,P<0.05)。Cox多因素分析均显示,TNM分期、miR-432、miR-30b、miR-764、肿瘤分化程度是肝细胞癌OS的独立影响因素[比值比(OR)=2.904、2.135、1.651、1.496、1.205,P<0.05]。结论肝细胞癌患者循环中miR-432、miR-30b及miR-764表达上调,且与患者总生存率降低密切相关。
简介:AbstractBackground:Angiogenesis and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) play major roles in solid tumors. This study aimed to establish a longitudinal and multimodal imaging model for in vivo evaluation of HIF1α and angiogenesis in breast cancer.Methods:By transfection of a 5 hypoxia-responsive element (HRE)/green fluorescent protein (GFP) plasmid, the cell line Ca761-hregfp was established, which emitted green fluorescence triggered by HIF-1α under hypoxia. The cells were subjected to CoCl2-simulated hypoxia to confirm the imaging strategy. We grew Ca761-hre-gfp cells in the left rear flanks of twelve 615 mice. Experiments were conducted on days 4, 9, 15, and 19. For in vivo analysis, Ca761-hre-gfp subcutaneous allografted tumors were imaged in vivo using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and fluorescence imaging (FLI) during tumor development. The tumor size, CEUS peak intensity, and FLI photons were measured to evaluate tumor growth, angiogenesis, and HIF-1α activity, respectively. After each experiment, three mice were randomly sacrificed and tumor specimens were collected to examine HIF-1α activity and the microvessel density (MVD).Results:In vitro, both green fluorescence and HIF-1α expression were detected in Ca761-hre-gfp cells treated with CoCl2, indicating the suitability of the cells to detect HIF-1α activity. In vivo, HIF-1α activity first increased and then decreased, which was significantly correlated with angiogenic changes (r = 0.803, P = 0.005). These changes were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of HIF-1α and MVD.Conclusions:The findings validated the Ca761-hre-gfp murine allograft model for reliable evaluation of HIF-1α activity and angiogenesis longitudinally using both molecular and pre-clinical non-invasive imaging modalities. The cell line may be useful for studies of anti-HIF pathway therapies.
简介:AbstractBackground:In consideration of the difficulty in diagnosing high heterogeneous glioma, valuable prognostic markers are urgent to be investigated. This study aimed to verify that connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is associated with the clinical prognosis of glioma, also to analyze the effect of CTGF on the biological function.Methods:In this study, glioma and non-tumor tissue samples were obtained in 2012 to 2014 from the Department of Neurosurgery of Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. Based on messenger RNA (mRNA) data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and CCGA dataset, combined with related clinical information, we detected the expression of CTGF mRNA in glioma and assessed its effect on the prognosis of glioma patients. High expression of CTGF mRNA and protein in glioma were verified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. The role of CTGF in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gliomas were respectively identified by methylthiazoletetrazolium assay, Transwell and Boyden assay in vitro. The effect on glioma cell circle was assessed by flow cytometry. For higher expression of CTGF in glioblastoma (GBM), the biological function of CTGF in GBM was investigated by gene ontology (GO) analysis.Results:In depth analysis of TCGA data revealed that CTGF mRNA was highly expressed in glioma (GBM, n= 163; lowly proliferative glioma [LGG], n = 518; non-tumor brain tissue, n = 207; LGG, t = 2.410, GBM, t = 2.364, P < 0.05). CTGF mRNA and protein expression in glioma (86%) was significantly higher than that in non-tumor tissues (18%) verified by collected samples. Glioma patients with higher expression of CTGF showed an obviously poorer overall survival (35.4 and 27.0 months compared to 63.3 and 55.1 months in TCGA and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases separately, CGGA: χ2 = 7.596, P = 0.0059; TCGA: χ2 = 10.46, P = 0.0012). Inhibiting CTGF expression could significantly suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gliomas. CTGF higher expression had been observed in GBM, and GO analysis demonstrated that the function of CTGF in GBM was mainly associated with metabolism and energy pathways (P < 0.001).Conclusions:CTGF is highly expressed in glioma, especially GBM, as an unfavorable and independent prognostic marker for glioma patients and facilitates the progress of glioma.
简介:【摘要】目的:探讨院前急救护理路径在脑卒中患者院前急救中的作用。方法:选择 2016年 9月 -2017年 1月期间呼救中心接收的 260例脑卒中患者,根据呼救先后顺序分为观察组 130例以及对照组患者 130例。对照组脑卒中患者按照常规护理进行救治,观察组脑卒中患者则根据院前急救护理路径进行救治,比较两组患者的治疗结局。结果:观察组脑卒中患者的呼救至救护车到达时间为 24.61±10.14min,对照组脑卒中患者呼救至救护车达到时间为 30.62±14.15min, P< 0.05;观察组脑卒中患者入院接受专科治疗时间为 38.68±10.49min,对照组脑卒中患者入院接受专科治疗时间为 46.72±12.49min, P< 0.05;观察组脑卒中患者的致残率和致死率分别为 9( 6.92%)、 5( 3.85%)较对照组患者 16( 12.31%)、 13( 10%)有明显的优势, P< 0.05。结论:脑卒中患者采用院前急救护理路径有效的缩短患者获得急救时间间隔,阻止病情的恶化,改善不良治疗结局。