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简介：Inordertosetupaconceptualdatamodelthatreflectstherealworldasaccuratelyaspossible,thispaperfirstlyreviewsandanalyzesthedisadvantagesofpreviousconceptualdatamodelsusedbytraditionalGISinsimulatinggeographicspace,givesanewexplanationtogeographicspaceandanalyzesitsvariousessentialcharacteristics.Finally,thispaperproposesseveraldetailedkeypointsfordesigninganewtypeofGISdatamodelandgivesasimpleholisticGISdatamodel.

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简介：Theseismicconceptualdesignisanessentialpartofseismicdesigncodes.Itpointsoutthattheterm'seismicconceptualdesign'shouldimplythreeaspects,i.e.,thegivenconceptitself,thespecificprovisionsrelatedtothegivenconceptandthedesigningfollowingtheprovisions.Seismicconceptualdesigncanbeclassifiedintotwocategories:thestrictortraditionalseismicconceptualdesignandthegeneralizedseismicconceptualdesign.Theauthorsaretryingtodefineforbothconceptualdesignstheirconnotationsandstudytheircharacteristics,inparticular,thedifferencesbetweenthem.Authorsemphasizethatbothconceptualdesignssoundveryclose,however,theirdifferencesareapparent.Thestrictconceptualdesignsareusuallyworkedoutdirectlyfromengineeringpracticeand/orlessonslearntfromearthquakedamage,whilethegeneralizedconceptualdesignsareresultedinaseriesofvisionsaimingtorealizethegeneralobjectivesoftheseismiccodes.Thestrictconceptualdesigns,(traditionalconceptualdesigns)areindispensableelementsofseismiccodesinassuringdesignedstructuressaferandthegeneralizedconceptualdesignsareplayingkeyrolesindirectingtoamoreadvancedandeffectiveseismiccodes.

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简介：Aconceptualleveldatabaselanguagefortheentityrelationship(ER)modelimplicitlycontainsintegritiesbasictoERconceptsandspecialretrievalsemanticsforinheritancesofattributesandrelationships.Prolog,whichbelongstothelogicalandphysicallevel,cannotbeusedasafoundationtodirectlydefinethedatabaselanguage.ItisshownhowPrologcanbeenhancedtounderstandtheconceptsofentities,relationships,attributesandis-arelationships.TheenhancedPrologisthenusedasafoundationtodefinethesemanticsofadatabasequerylanguagefortheERmodel.Thethreebasicfunctionsofmodelspecification,updatesandretrievalsaredefined.

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简介：Recentyears,theMarketingScienceInstituteconsideredmarketingperformancemeasurement(MPM)apriorityinmarketingresearchandmanagerialpractice.Severalcontributionsonthesametopichavebeenproposedinliterature.Theabilitytomeasurethemarketingperformanceisconsidered,acognitivegapthatdeterminedadecreaseofmarketingrelevancewithinfirmandorganizations.Basedonrelevantliteratureonretailingandanexplorativecasestudy,itwillbeproposedaconceptualandpragmaticmodeltoinvestigateMPMforaconsumergoodsretailer.Themodelisaimedtoidentifyantecedentsof“shareofpurchase”,“shareofwallet”,and“shareofvisit”.AnearlytestofthemodelhasbeencarriedoutonthreeItalianleadingchains:Superò,amasterfranchiseeofSMASpa(ownedof27smallsupermarketsundercontroloftheFrenchAuchanGroup),Decò-Multicedi(theGroupisamulti-channelcompanybasedonnetworkoffiveAdHoccash&carrycenters,253DecòoutletsandthreeAyokapetshops)locatedinCampaniaRegion.“U2”(theoutletslabelofUnesSpa,FiniperGroup,operatingmostlyinnorthernItaly,withachainofmorethan190directandfranchisesupermarkets).

简介：Intheconceptualstagethefunctiondesignprocessisrealizedbythecomputeraidedapplication.Aftersurveyingonthefunctionspecificationmethodsandthefunctionmodeling,acomputeraidedfunctiondesignenvironmentisanalyzed.Subsequentlybasedonamodulelibraryandprinciplecatalogue,asolutionfindingprocessasapartofconceptualdesignisproposedforacreativedesign.Inaddition,asearchalgorithmtofindthesolutionofadaptablefunctionstructureisalsodiscussed.Theconceptsproposedinthispapercansupportthesubsequentdesignstages,especiallysimulationforcheckingthefunctionstructuredefects.

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简介：ThroughthepracticeofdevelopinganexpertsystemFBCDES(FeedBoxConceptualDe-signExpertSystem)fortheplanomillingmachineinCIMSERC(CIMSEngineeringResearchCenter)inChina,thepaperintendstointroduceacommonproblem-solvingstrategyforthemechanicalproductconceptualdesignexpertsystem.Meanwhilesomeproblemssuchassystemarchitecture,knowledgerepresentationsandinferenceenginesetsarealsodescribed.Ayetmoredetaileddiscussionisgiventothetechnicalproblemsforrealizingtwokeymodules,thatisconceptdesignmoduleandlayoutmodule.

简介：InspiredbytheideasofSwarmIntelligenceandthe'globalbrain',aconceptof'communityintelligence'issuggestedinthepresentpaper,reflectingthatsome'intelligent'featuresmayemergeinaWeb-mediatedonlinecommunityfrominteractionsandknowledge-transmissionsbetweenthecommumtymembers.Thispossibleresearchfieldofcommunityintelligenceisthenexaminedunderthebackgroundsof'community'and'intelligence'researches.Furthermore,aconceptualmodelofcommunityintelligenceisdevelopedfromtwoviews.Fromthestructuralview,thecommunityintelligentsystemismodeledasaknowledgesupernetworkthatiscomprisedoftripleinterwovennetworksofthemedianetwork,thehumannetwork,andtheknowledgenetwork.Furthermore,basedonadyadofknowledgeintwoformsof'knowing'and'knoware',thedynamicviewdescribesthebasicmechanicsoftheformationandevolutionof'communityintelligence'.Afewrelevantresearchissuesareshortlydiscussedonthebasisoftheproposedconceptualmodel.

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简介：Thispaperproposesacomprehensiveandintegrativemodelwhichwillcontributetoasuccessfulplacebranding.Thenewmodelisproposedbasedontheanalysisof30previousplacebrandingmodelsandenrichedbytheliteraturereview.Theresultofthisworkistheconceptualmodelthatoffersamoreglobalperspectiveofplacebrandingandconsistsofthefollowing11interrelatedelements:place,brandleadership,communitystakeholdersengagement,brandvision,brandarchitecture,brandidentity,brandcommunications,brandimage,brandexperience,brandactionsandbrandevaluation,whichmustbeincorporatedintoanyplacebrandingmodelastheyprovetoberelevantandplayastrategicroleinthebrandingprocess.Theyareessentialforplacebranddevelopmentandmanagement,andrepresentkeysuccessfactorsofplacebrands.Theresearchimplicationsaretogiveresearchersaguideforliteraturedevelopment,theorybuilding,andfutureresearch.Thepracticalimplicationsaretoofferpractitioners,professionals,localofficials,andevengovernmentsamodelthatexplainstheplacebrandingprocesstoeffectivelycreateandmanageaplacebrand.Unlikepreviousmodelswhichtakedifferentperspectivesonthebrandingprocess,thisoneisholisticasitencompasses(almost)allofthem.Thenewmodelhighlightsalsonewelementsthatdonotappearinthepreviousones.