简介：Inthe2013releaseoftheU.S.NationalPhysicalEducationStandardstheterm'physicallyliterate'replaced'physicallyeducated'.Unfortunately,mostdiscoursewithintheprofessionaboutthetermphysicallyliterateoccurredprimarilyafteritsadoption.Whileweagreewiththespiritandintentoftheterm,wefeelitisessentialtodiscussnotonlywhathasbeenpotentiallygainedbutalsolost.Inourpaper,weillustratethesimilarityofthetermsphysicallyeducatedandphysicallyliterateandessentially,fromadefinitionalperspective,findlittledifferencedbutarethesetermsinterchangeable?Weprovideacriticalreviewofthestandardsandconcludethatthechangetophysicalliteracyhasproducedashiftawayfrompsychomotoroutcomestocognitiveoutcomes.Ourconcernsaboutthisaremany,butmostimportantlytheyareabouttheneedtoemphasizethe'physical'inphysicaleducation(PE).ItisourbeliefthatthekeytoelevatingtheprofessionandmaintainingandincreasingsupportforPEisinitsabilitytopromoteandprovidephysicalactivity.Withoutphysicalactivityandphysicalfitnessasmainoutcomes,PEincreasesitsvulnerabilitytoextinctionasastandardpartoftheU.S.K-12educationcurriculum.

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简介：自尊是一种积极的心理品质，是勇于开拓进取者不可缺少的心理品质。

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简介：Hello,mynameisLiuLinhan.MyEnglishnameisPeter.Iamelevenyearsold.NowIamstudyinginQingyunliprimaryschool.IaminGradefour,Classfive.IliveinQinhuangdao.Therearethreemembersinmyfamily:father,motherandI.TheylovemeandIlovethemverymuch.Inmysparetime,

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简介：Bilayermembranesself-assembledfromamphiphilicmoleculessuchaslipids,surfactants,andblockcopolymersareubiquitousinbiologicalandphysiochemicalsystems.Theshapeandstructureofbilayermembranesdependcruciallyontheirmechanicalpropertiessuchassurfacetension,bendingmoduli,andlinetension.Understandinghowthemolecularpropertiesoftheamphiphilesdeterminethestructureandmechanicsoftheself-assembledbilayersrequiresamolecularlydetailedtheoreticalframework.Theself-consistentfieldtheoryprovidessuchatheoreticalframework,whichiscapableofaccuratelypredictingthemechanicalparametersofself-assembledbilayermembranes.Inthisminireviewwesummarizetheformulationoftheself-consistentfieldtheory,asexemplifiedbyamodelsystemcomposedofflexibleamphiphilicchainsdissolvedinhydrophilicpolymericsolvents,anditsapplicationtothestudyofself-assembledbilayermembranes.

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简介：Self-assemblednanostructuresoflipidsandnanoparticlesholdgreatpromiseforapplicationsinsuchfieldsasnanomedicine.Thispaperusestheself-consistentfieldtheorytoinvestigatetheself-assemblybehavioroflipidmoleculesandnanoparticleswithdifferentshapesinanaqueoussolution.Itisfoundthatthelipidmoleculescanformmonolayeredandbilayerednanostructuresaroundthenanoparticleswithdifferentshapes(e.g.,triangular,square,hexagonalandoctangular).Withdecreasingthesizeofnanoparticlesorincreasingthenumberofpolygonedges,theshapeoflipidlayerswillapproachanapproximatelysphericalshape.Thesefindingsmayhelptopredictanddesignnoveldrugdeliverynanocarriers.

简介：Anewspeciallycorrelatedpartiallycoherentbeamnamednonuniformmulti-Gaussiancorrelated(NMGC)partiallycoherentbeamisintroduced.Thecorrelationfunctionsofsuchbeaminxandydirectionsaredifferentfromeachother,i.e.,nonuniformcorrelationfunctioninonedirectionandmulti-GaussiancorrelatedSchell-modelfunctionintheotherdirection.ThepropagationpropertiesofanNMGCpartiallycoherentbeaminfreepacearedemonstrated,andwefindthattheintensitydistributionofsuchbeamexhibitsself-focusingandself-shiftingeffectinonedirectionandself-shapingeffectintheotherdirectiononpropagation.Thecorrelation-inducedself-focusingandself-shapingeffectwillbeusefulinsomeapplications,wherethehighpowerandshapedlaserisrequired,suchasmaterialthermalprocessingandlasercarving.

简介：Wetheoreticallyandexperimentallystudyself-acceleratingandself-breathingBessel-likebeamsthatfollowarbitrarytrajectories,includinghyperbolic,hyperbolicsecant,andthree-dimensional(3D)spiralingtrajectories.ThebeamshaveanoverallBessel-likeprofileintransversedimensions;however,theintensityoftheircentralmainlobebreatheswhiletravelingalongacurvedtrajectory.Suchbeamscanbereadilygeneratedexperimentallythroughappropriatephasemodulationoftheopticalwavefront.Thebeamscontributetothedesignofnewfamiliesofself-acceleratingbeams.

简介：在有限领域上的排列代码被介绍，为自我双的排列代码的存在或不存在的一些条件被获得。

简介：Thispaperthoroughlyinvestigatestheproblemofrobotself-locationbylinecorrespondences.Theoriginalcontributionsarethree-fold:(1)Obtainthenecessaryandsufficientconditiontodeterminelinearlytherobot'sposebytwolinecorrespondences.(2)Showthatifthespacelinesareverticalones,itisimpossibletodeterminelinearlytherobot'sposenomatterhowmanylinecorrespondenceswehave,andtheminimumnumberoflinecorrespondencesis3todetermineuniquely(butnon-linearly)therobot'spose.(3)Showthatifthespacelinesarehorizontalones,theminimumnumberoflinecorrespondencesis3forlineardeterminationand2fornon-lineardeterminationoftherobot'spose.

简介：Aspecialpropertyofmethylammoniumtungstate,so-calledself-reductibilityisstudiedinthepresentpaper.Theresearchshowsthatthetungstatehasthecharacteristicsofself-reductibilitywhenitisheatedtocertaintemperatureatwhichitautomati-callydecomposesandreducesitselftolowervalencytungstenoxidesorevenmetallictungsteninN2.Thehigherthetemperature,thestrongertheself-reductibility.Ahighertemperatureisnecessarytoformmetallictungsten.NewprocessesfortheproductionofpureoxidesWO2.72,WO2andmetallictungstenWaredevelopedonthebasisoftheresearchofself-reductibilityofthetungstate.

简介：YB/T4197-20091ScopeThisstandardspecifiesthetermanddefinition,classification,technicalrequirements,testmethods,qualityappraisalprocedures,packing,marking,transportation,storage,andqualitycertificateofself-flowrefractorycastables.Thisstandardismainlyapplicabletohighalumina,corundum,corundumspinel,andchromecorundumbasedself-flowrefractorycastables.2NormativeReferences