简介:Windsontheeartharecommonlystrongenoughtoerodetransportanddepositsediment.Themodesofsandtransportbythewindaregreatlydifferentfromthosebywaterflow.Ontheotherhandwind-blownsandsareofamaterialcirculationprocessoftheearthsurface.Theyaffectwind-sandtransportfluxandsandejectionofaflux,thedamageofgrainsformedcannotbeneglectedinengineering.Becauseofthecomplexityofwindblownsandfluxsystem,theunderstandingofitsbasicmechanicsisnotyetclear.Thekeyforcesinsandsalutationmainlyincludes:thevalidgravity,airdragforce'Magnusforce'Saffmanforce'Bassetforce'additionalqualityforceandscatterforceamonggrains.Themostimportantforceinsandsalutationistheairdragforce.Computationofthesinglespheredragcoefficientanddoublespheresdragcoefficientispresentedforthedistancebetweentwospheresbeingsmallerthantwelvetimesofthespherediameterandthespheresbeingatdifferentangularpositions.Theflowinterferenceoftwosphereswasinvestigatedforthedistances=0.08dto12d,angularpositionθ=0to360andReynoldsnumber1≤Re≤1000.
简介:Weinvestigatethedynamiccrystallizationprocessesofcolloidalphotoniccrystals,whicharepotentiallyinvaluableforsolvinganumberofexistingandemergingtechnicalproblemsinregardstocontrolledfabricationofcrystals,suchassizenormalization,stabilityimprovement,andaccelerationofsynthesis.Inthispaper,wereportsystematichigh-resolutionopticalobservationofthespontaneouscrystallizationofmonodispersepolystyrene(PS)micro-spheresinaqueoussolutionintoclose-packedarraysinastaticlineopticaltweezers.Theexperimentsdemonstratethatthecrystalstructureismainlyaffectedbytheminimumpotentialenergyofthesystem;however,thecrystallizationdynamicscouldbeaffectedbyvariousmechanical,physical,andgeometricfactors.Thecomplicateddynamictransformationprocessfrom1Dcrystallizationto2Dcrystallizationandthecreationandannihilationofdislocationsanddefectsviacrystalrelaxationareclearlyillustrated.Twomajorcrystalgrowthmodes,theepitaxygrowthpatternandtheinsertedgrowthpattern,havebeenidentifiedtoplayakeyroleinshapingthedynamicsofthe1Dand2Dcrystallizationprocess.Theseobservationsofferinvaluableinsightsforin-depthresearchaboutcolloidalcrystalcrystallization.
简介:<正>LetCbeann-dimensionalspherewithdiameter1andcenterattheorigininEn.Theview-obstructionproblemforn-dimensionalspheresistodetermineaconstantv(n)tobethelowerboundofthoseαforwhichanyhalf-lineL,givenbyxi=ait(i=1,2,...,n)whereparametert≥0andai(i=1,2,...,n)arepositiverealnumbers,intersectsΔ(C,α)={αC+(m1+(1/2),m2+(1/2),…,mn+(1/2)):m1,m2,…mnnonnegativeintegers}.Inthispaper,forn=3,thefollowingresultisproved.Forα>1/51/2wehavethatanyhalf-lineL,givenbyxi=ait(i=1,2,3),intersectsΔ(C,α),whereparametert≥0andai(i=1,2,3)arepositiverealnumberssuchthat|a|+|b|+|c|≠3wheneveraa1+ba2+ca3=0forthreeintegersa,b,c.
简介:这很好被理解到在部分微分方程或变化问题的pointwise长度限制是在定义一份最低订单的三角测量的节点强加它的discretize的一条好路有限元素空间。这篇文章追求这条途径并且讨论为定义泛音的一个简单模型问题的方程的分离非线性的系统印射进范围的结果的反复的解决方案。全球性会聚的一个反复的计划和减少的精力与被相结合一局部地很快会聚的近似计划。一个明确的例子证明本地途径可以独自导致提出病的问题;数字实验证明它可以分叉或如果开始的价值没小心地被选择,与大精力导致高度不规则的答案。全球、本地的方法的联合定义在实践很高效地表现并且向数字近似提供低精力的一个可靠算法。[从作者抽象]
简介:NUMERICALSTUDYOFTURBULENTJETSCONFINEDBETWEENTWOCONCENTRICSPHERESZhangGuang-hua;TangGe-feng(TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing,100084,...
简介:Hildebrandclassifiedallsemi-homogeneousconesinR~3andcomputedtheircorrespondingcompletehyperbolicaffinespheres.WecomputeisothermalparametrizationsforHildebrand’snewexamples.Aftergivingtheiraffinemetricsandaffinecubicforms,weconstructthewholeassociatedfamilyforeachofHildebrand’sexamples.ThegenericmemberoftheseaffinespheresisgivenbyWeierstrassP,ζandσfunctions.IngeneralanyregularconvexconeinR~3hasanaturalassociatedS~1-familyofsuchcones,whichdeservesfurtherstudies.
简介:Holloworderedporouscarbonspheres(HOPCS)withahierarchicalstructurewerepreparedbytemplatingwithholloworderedmesoporoussilicaspheres(HOMSS).Scanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)showedthatHOPCSexhibitedasphericalhollowmorphology.High-resolutionTEM,smallangleX-raydiffraction(SAXRD)andN2sorptionmeasurementsconfirmedthatHOPCSinverselyreplicatedtheunconnectedhexagonal-stackedporestructureofHOMSS,andpossessedorderedporosity.HOPCSexhibitedahigherstoragecapacityforLi+ionbattery(LIB)of527.6mAh/g,andgoodcyclingperformance.Alargecapacitylossduringthefirstdischarge-chargecyclewasfoundattributedtothehighcontentofmicropores.Thecyclingperformancewasderivedfromthehierarchicalstructure.
简介:Yttria-stabilizecl-zirconia(YSZ)hollowspheresarewidelyutilizedfortheirnovelphysicalandchemicalproperties.However,developingasimpleandlow-costmethodforpreparingsuchhollowspheresstillremainsagreatchallenge.Inthispaper,anatmosphericplasmaspray(APS)methodisintroduced,andtheformationmechanismofhollow7YSZ(ZrO2-7wt%Y2O3)spheresispresented.Thehollowspheremorphologywasobservedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)whenagglomeratedandsintered7YSZpowderswereused.Additionally,additivecompositionchanges,phasetransformations,andthethermalbehaviorof7YSZpowderswereanalyzedbyenergydispersivespectroscopy(EDS),X-raydiffractometry(XRD),thermogravimetricanalysis(TG)anddifferentialscanningcalorimeteranalysis(DSC).Furthermore,thephasetransformationsofagglomeratedandsintered7YSZpowders,7YSZhollowspheresthatannealedatvarioustemperaturesfordifferenttimesareanalyzed.
简介:在粒子从范围使变形到立方体包装密度的变化被学习。一个新模型被介绍描述在不同粒子形状之间的粒子变丑。变丑被部件范围的相对运动在一个粒子的范围集会模型模仿。在到立方体的变丑形式范围的粒子的随机的靠近的包装与一个改进松驰算法被模仿。在2D和3D盒子的包装被模仿。与模拟,当粒子球状在变丑减少时,我们发现收拾行李的密度增加。范围和立方体给最小(0.6404)和分别地在变丑包装密度的最大值(0.7755)。在每使变形的步,包装从一种随机的配置并且从最后一使变形的步的最后的收拾行李开始是模仿的两个。在后者盒子中的收拾行李的密度比在二种尺寸的前者大,但是在三种尺寸是更小的。变丑模型能也被用于另外的粒子形状。
简介:多孔的媒介在生产和生活,以及在科技有大量应用。在多孔的媒介的流动抵抗的学习在工业、农业的生产上有大效果。通过一张20公里玻璃范围床的液体流动的流动抵抗试验性地被学习。在Ergun方程和试验性的数据之间有重要偏差,这被发现。一个蹒跚的毛孔喉咙模型被建立在随机包装的多孔的媒介调查流动抵抗。一个假设被做粒子在常规三角安排被蹒跚。在随机的多孔的媒介的流动抵抗的分析明确的表达被导出。在明确的表达没有实验常数,每个参数有一个特定的物理意思。明确的表达预言在对试验性的数据的好同意。偏差在25%的范围以内。这证明蹒跚的毛孔喉咙模型是讲理的并且被期望被更多的实验验证并且延长了到另外的多孔的媒介。
简介:Interactionbetweentwosphereswithaninterstitialfluidiscrucialindiscreteelementmodelingforsimulatingthebehaviorsof'wet'particulatematerials.ThenormalviscousforceofsqueezeflowbetweentwoarbitraryrigidsphereswithaninterstitialHerschel-BulkleyfluidwasstudiedonthebasisofReynolds'lubricationtheory,resultinginanalyticalintegralexpressionsofpressuredistributionandtheviscousforcebetweenthetwospheres.Accordingtothevariationofshearstress,thefluidwasdividedintoyieldingandunyieldingregions,followedbyadiscussiononthethicknessofthetworegions.Theresultofthispapercouldbereducedtoeitherthepower-lawfluidortheBinghamfluidcase.
简介:InteractionbetweentwosphereswithaninterstitialfluidisessentialinDiscreteElementmodelingforsimulatingthebehaviorsof'wet'particulatematerials.InthispapertheinteractionbetweentwosphereswithaninterstitialPower-lawfluidwasapproximatelyresolvedasnormalandtangentialinteractivemodelsrespectively,forwhichthegoverningequationsweresimplifiedonthebasisofReynoldsapproximation.Theseequationswerethensolvedanalyticallytogetherwiththeboundaryconditionstoobtainthepressuredistributionsforeachindividualmodel,andeventuallysolutionsoftheviscoussqueezeforceandthetangentialviscousresistancewereobtained,whichprovideasetofsolutionsforimplementingintoDEMcodeorotherpurposes.