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简介：Numericalsimulationsusingvolumeoffluid(VOF)methodareperformedtostudytheimpactofliquid-to-gasdensityratioonthetrajectoryofnonturbulentliquidjetsingaseouscrossflows.Inthispaper,largeeddysimulation(LES)turbulencemodeliscoupledwiththeVOFmethodtodescribetheturbulenceeffectsaccurately.Inaddition,dynamicadaptivemeshrefinementmethodwithtworefinementlevelsisappliedtorefinethesizeofthecellslocatedatgas-liquidinterface.Densityratioischangedfrom10to5000whileothernondimensionalnumbersarekeptconstant.Largedensityratiosareconsideredinthispapersincetheyarecommoninmanypracticalapplicationssuchassolutionprecursor/suspensionplasmasprays.Oursimulationsshowthatthepenetrationheight,especiallyinthefarfield,increasesasthedensityratioincreases.Ageneralcorrelationforthejettrajectory,whichcanbeusedforawiderangeofdensityratios,isdevelopedbasedonoursimulationresults.

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简介：Eucalyptusisveryrecalcitranttoinvitroculture.Inthisresearch,anefficientshootorganogenesissystemwasdevelopedusing60-day-oldplantsofEucalyptusglobulusgrowninvitroandnon-aeratedliquidmediumtoimproveshootproliferation.Cultureswereinitiatedwithhypocotylsandleafsegmentsfromplantletscultivatedonsemisolid1/2MSmodifiedmediumsupplementedwith4.44lM6-Benzyladenine(BA)and16.1lM1-Naphthaleneaceticacid(NAA).Calliweretransferredtoshootinductionmedium,witheither0.5or2.7lMNAA.Shootmultiplicationwascarriedouton4.44lMBA+0.5lMNAAmedium,andsemisolidandnon-aeratedliquidsystemswerecomparedforimprovingshootproliferation.RootingofadventitiousshootswasevaluatedonmediumcontainingNAAorIndole-3-butyricacid-IBA(5and16lM).Callogenesiswasobtainedfrombothtypesofexplants,althoughshootformationwasonlyobtainedfromleaf-derivedcalli.Shootproliferationon4.44lMBA+0.5lMNAAresultedinthemostshoots/callus.Non-aeratedliquidmediumwasmoreefficientinpromotingshootmultiplication(53.5shoots/callus)thanwassemisolidmedium(28.5shoots/callus).Levelsofphenoliccompoundsweresignificantlyreducedintheshootscultivatedinliquidmedium.Efficientrooting(76%)wasobtainedusing16lMIBA.

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简介：Liquidmicro-jets,producedfromgasdynamicvirtualnozzles(GDVNs),areusedassamplecarriersforinteractionwithX-raybeaminserialfemtosecondcrystallography(SFX).Anumericalinvestigationoftheeffectofthefocusinggastypeontheliquidmicro-jetproperties(itslengthandthickness)ispresented.ThestudycomplementsourpreviousresearchontheinfluenceofoperatingconditionsandthenozzlegeometryonGDVNperformance.Theinfluenceofhelium,argon,carbondioxideandnitrogengases(atafixedmassflowrateof1.6×104mg/min)onfocusingpurewaterjet(flowrateof33μl/min)isanalysed.

简介：LatticeBoltzmannmethodisoneofthewidelyusedinmultiphasefluidflow.However,thetwomaindisadvantagesofthismethodaretheinstabilityofnumericalcalculationsduetothelargedensityratiooftwophasesandimpossibilityofthetemperaturedistributiontobefedbackintothevelocitydistributionfunctionwhenthetemperatureissimulated.BasedonthecombinationprescribedbyInamuro,thelargedensityratiotwo-phaseflowmodelandthermalmodelmakesthedensityratioofthemodelsimulationtobeincreasedto2778:1byoptimizingtheinterfacedistributionfunctionoftwo-phasewhichimprovestheaccuracyofdifferentialformat.Thephasetransitiontermisaddedassourcetermintothedistributionfunctioncontrollingtwophaseorderparameterstodescribethetemperatureeffectonthegas-liquidphasetransition.Thelatentheatgeneratedfromthephasechangeisalsoaddedasasourcetermintothetemperaturedistributionfunctionwhichsimulatesthemovementoftheflowunderthecommoncouplingofdensity,velocity,pressureandtemperature.Thedensityandthetemperaturedistributionofsinglebubblearesimulated.Comparisonofthesimulationresultswithexperimentalresultsindicatesagoodagreementpointingouttheeffectivenessoftheimprovedmodel.

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简介：Quantumdots(QDs)canachievehighquantumyieldsclosetounityinliquidsolutions,whereastheyexhibitadecreasedconversionefficiencyafterbeingintegratedintosolid-statepolymermatricesforlight-emittingdiode(LED)devices,whichiscalledthehostmatrixeffect.Inthisstudy,weproposeasolid–liquidhybrid-stateQD-LEDtosolvethisissue.Theethylene-terminatedpolydimethylsiloxane(ethylene-PDMS)isusedtoestablishasolid-statecross-linkednetwork,whereasthemethyl-terminatedPDMS(methyl-PDMS)isusedinitsliquidstate.Fromamacroscopiclevel,thecuredsolid–liquidhybrid-statePDMS(SLHP)compositesreachasolidstate,whichisstableandflexibleenoughtobeusedinLEDdevices.ComparedwithLEDsusingconventionalQD/solidPDMScompositesatequalcolorconversionefficiencyrangingfrom40%to60%,theluminousfluxofLEDswithQD/SLHPcompositesisincreasedby13.0%usinganoptimizedmethyl-PDMSconcentrationof85wt.%.Asaresult,highefficiencyQD-LEDsusingQDsastheonlycolorconvertorwithluminousefficacyof89.6lm/W(0.19A)wereachieved,whichshowaworkingstabilitycomparablewiththatusingconventionalsolid-statestructuresataharshcondition.Consequently,thenovelapproachshowsgreatpotentialforachievinghighefficiencyandhighstabilityQD-LEDs,whichisalsocompatiblewithcurrentstructuresusedinilluminationanddisplayapplications.

简介：Asakindoftwo-dimensionaltransitionmetaldichalcogenidematerial,tungstendiselenide(WSe2)hasattractedincreasingattention,owingtoitsgappedelectronicstructure,relativelyhighcarriermobility,andvalleypseudospin,allofwhichshowitsvaluablenonlinearopticalproperties.TherearefewstudiesonthenonlinearopticalpropertiesofWSe2andcorrelationwithitselectronicstructure.Inthispaper,theeffectsofspatialself-phasemodulation(SSPM)anddistortioninfluenceofWSe2ethanolsuspensionsaresystematicallystudied,namely,thenonlinearrefractiveindexandthird-ordernonlinearopticaleffect.WeobtainedtheWSe2dispersionsSSPMdistortionformationmechanism,andthroughit,wecalculatedthenonlinearrefractiveindexn2,nonlinearsusceptibilityχ3,andtheirwavelengthdependenceundertheexcitationof457nm,532nm,and671nmlasers.Moreover,byuseofitsstrongandbroadbandnonlinearopticalresponse,all-opticalswitchingoftwodifferentlaserbeamsduetospatialcross-phasemodulationhasbeenrealizedexperimentally.Ourresultsareusefulforfutureopticaldevices,suchasall-opticalswitchingandall-opticalinformationconversion.

简介：在这份报纸，我们基于板理论建议一个新奇方法同时由反向阶段的高效的液体层析在坡度elutions和不同流动率下面预言保留时间和山峰形状。建议方法在18个坡度条件和四不同流动率下面与16普通硫安类药剂在实验产出优秀保留预言结果，包括0.7，1.0，1.3，和1.5?mL/min。吝啬的绝对偏差是0.70%，它显示精确预言。而且，建议方法在山峰的扩大或压缩在不同坡度条件下面引起的山峰形状预言变化很好。

简介：Thedistributionperformanceofthegravity-typeliquiddistributor(GTLD)significantlyaffectscolumnoperationefficiencyandtheconsequentproductquality.Inindustrialsettings,maldistributionisnormallyconsideredtobecausedbyverticalpositionalorcoplanarityerrorsstemmingfromdeflectionsassociatedwithmanufactureandinstallation,orevenbyexcessiveweight.Thelackofestimationprotocolsorstandardsimpedesthedescriptionofthiserror,whichinfluencesthecorrespondingoutflowrates.Giventhissituation,thepaperproposesalumpedparameter,orificepositiondeviation(OPD),tofacilitatethecalculationoftherelativedischargerateerror(RDRE)basedonaformuladerivation,whichallowsthesystematicanalysisoftheinfluenceofasingleorificeorweirOPD.ThepaperintroducesasensitivityfactorKasaconciseandunifiedexpressionintheoreticalRDREsforcalibratingtheinfluenceofOPDontheRDREsofgeometricallydifferentorificesandweirs.WithrespecttotheGTLD,alargerKindicatestheneedformorestrictOPDrequirements.ThepaperverifiesthattheextentofGTLDoutflownonuniformityisassociatedwithdivergingtendenciesregardingitsmorphology,especiallyintheorificeandweir,whichcanbedeterminedusingourproposedprocedures.

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