简介:Nonceliacglutensensitivity(NCGS)isasyndromecharacterizedbyacohortofsymptomsrelatedtotheingestionofgluten-containingfoodinsubjectswhoarenotaffectedbyceliacdisease(CD)orwheatallergy.Thepossibilityofsystemicmanifestationsinthisconditionhasbeensuggestedbysomereports.Inmostcasestheyarecharacterizedbyvaguesymptomssuchas‘foggymind’,headache,fatigue,jointandmusclepain,legorarmnumbnessevenifmorespecificcomplaintshavebeendescribed.NCGShasanimmune-relatedbackground.IndeedthereisastrongevidencethataselectiveactivationofinnateimmunitymaybethetriggerforNCGSinflammatoryresponse.ThemostcommonlyautoimmunedisordersassociatedtoNCGSareHashimotothyroiditis,dermatitisherpetiformis,psoriasisandrheumatologicdiseases.ThepredominanceofHashimotothyroiditisrepresentsaninterestingfinding,sinceithasbeenindirectlyconfirmedbyanItalianstudy,showingthatautoimmunethyroiddiseaseisariskfactorfortheevolutiontowardsNCGSinagroupofpatientswithminimalduodenalinflammation.Onthesebases,anautoimmunestigmainNCGSisstronglysupported;itcouldbeacharacteristicfeaturethatcouldhelpthediagnosisandbesimultaneouslymanaged.ApossibleneurologicalinvolvementhasbeenunderlinedbyNCGSassociationwithglutenataxia,glutenneuropathyandglutenencephalopathy.NCGSpatientsmayshowevenpsychiatricdiseasessuchasdepression,anxietyandpsychosis.Finally,alinkwithfunctionaldisorders(irritablebowelsyndromeandfibromyalgia)isatopicunderdiscussion.Inconclusion,thenoveltyofthismatterhasgeneratedanexpansionofliteraturedatawiththeunavoidableconsequencethatsomereportsareoftenbasedonlowlevelsofevidence.Therefore,onlystudiesperformedonlargesampleswiththeinclusionofcontrolgroupswillbeabletoclearlyestablishwhetherthelargeinformationfromtheliteratureregardingextra-intestinalNCGSmanifestationscouldbesupportedbyevidence-basedagreements.
简介:最近,没有腹的疾病或小麦过敏症的证据,对饮食的面筋敏感的世界范围的病人的增加的数字贡献了定义为非腹的面筋敏感的新面筋相关的症候群的鉴定。我们关于这症候群的知识仍然正在缺乏,并且这症候群的许多方面仍然保持未知。它的致病是异构的,与为天生的免疫的一个公认的枢轴的角色;许多另外的因素也作出贡献,包括低档在肠的microbiota的肠的发炎,增加的肠的障碍功能和变化。面筋和其它小麦蛋白质例如淀粉酶胰岛素禁止者,是这症候群的主要扳机,但是富于沸腾的monosaccharides和polyols的一本食谱可以得到它的功能的胃肠的症状,这也被假设了。这个条件的传染病学远非被建立;它在一般人口的流行是高度可变的,从0.63%;到6%;。从一个临床的观点,非腹的面筋敏感被一个宽数组描绘胃肠并且立即在面筋的摄取以后发生并且当面筋从食谱被撤退时,改善或消失的extraintestinal症状。当面筋是reintroduced时,这些症状复发。因为诊断biomarkers还没被识别了,一个双窗帘控制安慰剂的面筋挑战当前是有最高的精确性的诊断方法。未来研究被需要关于非腹的面筋敏感,有全球接受,但是有仅仅一些必然的一个条件和许多未解决的问题产生更多的知识。
简介:express the meaning of the original. Free translation is a skill which translators must know the culture of both source language and target language,translaors should use free translation. Free translation is a translation skill which is active. But free translation can not add personal emotion to the original works. Translation must be acceptable which use free translation. And free translation skill needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language. If a translator wants to use literal translation and free translation proficiently,Any source language which does not accord with the expressive way of target language should not use literal translation. For example
简介:express the meaning of the original. Free translation is a skill which translators must know the culture of both source language and target language,Any source language which does not accord with the expressive way of target language should not use literal translation. For example摘要,translaors should use free translation. Free translation is a translation skill which is active. But free translation can not add personal emotion to the original works. Translation must be acceptable which use free translation. And free translation skill needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language. If a translator wants to use literal translation and free translation proficiently
简介:Afreestandingfilmofpolyanilineaslargeas18cm×18cm×0.002cmcanbeobtainedbyevaporationofasolutionofthechemicallysynthesizedbaseinNMP.Itsstructurewasexaminedbytheelementalanalysis,IR,U.V.-visiblespectra,XPS,DSC,SEMandX-rayscatteringanditsconductingbehavioraswellaselectrochemicalpropertieswerestudied.Resultsshowthatthecomposition,structureofmainchain,physicalpropertiesofthefreestandingfilmofpolyanilmeissimilartothatofthepowder.However,somedifferencesinitselectronicstructure,conductivityatroomtemperatureandpotentialofredoxcouplebetweenthefleestandingfilmandpowderareobserved,whichmaybeduetocross-linkingofthefilmofpolyaniline.
简介:Any source language which does not accord with the expressive way of target language should not use literal translation. For example,There is also an idiom in China. It almost has the same meaning as"Break out of the pot that hold us in". It is "出人头地". So when translating that sentence translators should not use literal translation,Some source language sentences are very difficult to translate literally. It only though of the meaning of surface
简介:express the meaning of the original. Free translation is a skill which translators must know the culture of both source language and target language,use free translation.3.2 Don not add personal enmotion to the original works.3.3 Free translation skill needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language.,if possible.2.2 Literal translation≠word-for-word translation.2.3 Some sentences should not translate literally.3. How to use free translation properly
简介:translaorsshouldusefreetranslation.Freetranslationisatranslationskillwhichisactive.Butfreetranslationcannotaddpersonalemotiontotheoriginalworks.Translationmustbeacceptablewhichusefreetranslation.Andfreetranslationskillneedsextensiveknowledgeandcultureofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage.Ifatranslatorwantstouseliteraltranslationandfreetranslationproficiently,slationshouldavoidtoaddpersonalemotiontotheoriginalworks.3.3Freetranslationskillneedsextensiveknowledgeandcultureofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage.Freetranslationgivestranslatorssomeleeways.Translatorsshouldusethencorrectly.Notonlyshouldtranslatorscomprehenedthemeaningoftheoriginalmessage,也会说你的坏话.Freetranslationdoesnotstrachytheformoftheoriginal.Iftranslatorswanttousefreetranslationproficiently.You'dbettergraspextensiveknowledgeandcultureofbothsourcelanguageandtargetlanguage.CONCLUTION