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简介：Weselectedthe103ML≥2.5earthquakewaveformdatafromtheInnerMongolia-Ningxiaborderduring2009-2015,whichwasrecordedbytheInnerMongoliaDigitalSeismicNetworksandusedthesimplexmethod,Hyposatmethod,doubledifferencelocationmethod,anddeterministicmethod(PTD)forthedeterminationoffocaldepth,andcomparedtheresults.TheCAPmomenttensorinversionmethodisusedtodeterminethefocaldepthsoftheAlxaLeftBannerM5.8andM4.2earthquakes.Thefinalresultsofthefocaldepthbythedeterministicmethod(PTD)andthedoubledifferencelocationmethodfitwellwiththetectoniccharacteristicsoftheInnerMongolia-Ningxiaborderarea,butthoseofthesimplexmethodandtheHyposatmethoddonot.TheaveragedepthoftheInnerMongolia-Ningxiaborderseismictectoniczoneis13.32±8km.

简介：公司逐渐地在联机软件市场使用的一个新兴的企业模型将两个都为为顾客的一种服务或一个产品提供一个免费基本版本和一个付的高级版本。如此的一个背景经常被称为freemium模型。免费版本的存在能关于商业软件的评估减少顾客无常并且使用网络效果改进公司利润。然而，freemium模型可以也让cannibalization完成哪个罐头伤害了利润。因此，公司需要为免费版本和最佳的价格决定最佳的内容让高级版本最大化它的利润。在这份报纸，首先，我们获得freemium模型和他们的性质的最佳的决定。第二，我们把freemium模型与产品满意的所有需要以利润，顾客福利，和社会福利被收的传统的charge-for-everything模型作比较。结果证明当顾客显著地低估软件的值，软件的真值足够高时，freemium模型能产生更高的利润，更高级的顾客福利，和更高社会的福利。否则，freemium模型不能交付需要的结果。

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简介：TheSargentdividingwallcolumncanimplementfourproductsseparationsequencesinonecolumnbasedonFullyThermallyCoupledDistillationColumn.TheinitialdesignparametersarerequiredforthedesignoptimizationordynamiccontroloftheSargentdividingwallcolumn,andinordertomaketherigoroussimulationoftheSargentdividingwallcolumnmoreconducivetoconvergence,atencolumnmodelforcomplexSargentcolumnisestablishedinthispaper,andtheshortcutdesignmethodofthismodelisproposed.TheinternalminimumvaporandliquidflowareobtainedbytheUnderwoodequationsandthemassbalancemethodandtheV-minmethod.Theseparationfora4-componentshortcutmixtureofpentane,hexane,heptaneandoctanewasconsidered,whiletheinitialvaluesofdesignparametersandtheratioofvapor-liquiddistributionofeachcolumnwerecalculatedbyusingtheshortcutdesignmethodofatencolumnmodel.Andbycomparingtheshortcutcalculationswithrigoroussimulationresults,thepracticalityandreliabilityofshortcutcalculationswereverified.Thereasonforenergysavingwasanalyzedbasedonback-mixing.AvirtualheatexchangerisproposedtomaketheSargentdividingwallcolumnmoreenergyefficient.

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简介：TheinstructionsbelowarespecificallydirectedatauthorswhowishtosubmitamanuscripttoChineseJournalofPopulationResourcesandEnvironment(CJPRE).Forinformationaboutwritinganarticle,preparingyourmanuscriptandgeneralguidanceforauthors,pleasevisittheAuthorServicessectionofourwebsite(http://journalauthors.tandf.co.uk).

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简介：Inthispaper,theoptimalmaintenancepolicyisinvestigatedforasystemwithstochasticleadtimeandtwotypesoffailures.Thesystemhastwotypesoffailures,onetypeisrepairable,whentherepairablefailureoccurs,thesystemwillberepairedbyrepairman,andthesystemafterrepairisnot“asgoodasnew".Theothertypeoffailureisunrepairable,andwhentheunrepairablefailureoccursthesystemmustbereplacedbyanewandidenticalone.Thesparesystemforreplacementisavailableonlybyorder,andtheleadtimefordeliveringthesparesystemisstochastic.Thesuccessivesurvivaltimesofthesystemformastochasticallydecreasinggeometricprocess,theconsecutiverepairtimesafterfailuresofthesystemformarenewalprocess.Byusingtherenewalprocesstheoryandgeometricprocesstheory,theexplicitexpressionofthelong-runaveragecostperunittimeunderorderingpolicy(N-1)isderived,andthecorrespondingoptimalcanbefoundanalytically.Finally,thenumericalanalysesaregiven.

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简介：Thisstudywasconductedtoevaluatethecriticalthermalmaximum(CTMax),theroutinemetabolismrate(MO2)andthelimitingoxygensaturation(LOS)ofthreesalmonidswithfourdifferentbodyweightsrangingfrom16gto131g.TheCTMaxwasestimatedatthreedifferentheatingratesincluding0.5℃min^-1,1℃h^-1and2℃d^-1.ResultsshowedthattheCTMaxofmapletrout(Oncorhynchusmykiss)wasthehighest,whichwasfollowedbysteelheadtrout(O.mykiss)andAtlanticsalmon(Salmonsalar).TheCTMaxofthesalmonidfishdecreasedwiththeincrementofbodyweight,andwassignificantlyinfluencedbytheheatingrate.TheMO2ofthesalmonidfishincreasedwiththeincrementoftemperature,anddecreasedwiththeincrementofbodyweight.Suffocationpointsofthefishdecreasedwithincreasingbodyweightandtemperature.SteelheadtroutwasmoretoleranttohypoxiathanmapletroutandAtlanticsalmon,whiletheMO2ofAtlanticsalmonwasthehighestamongthesethreesalmonids.TheLOSofthefishgenerallyhadapositivetrendwithtemperatureandbodyweight,andtheLOSofsteelheadtroutwassignificantlylowerthanthatofmapletroutandAtlanticsalmon.Inconclusion,mapletroutwasthemosttolerantkindtohightemperature,whilesteelheadtroutwasthemosttoleranttohypoxiaamongthreekindsofsalmonids.Moreover,theabilitiestotoleratehighertemperatureofthreesalmonidswereaffectedbytheirbodyweightandtheheatingrate,whiletheabilitiestotoleratehypoxiawereinfluencedbytheirbodyweightandthewatertemperature.

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