简介:目的探讨地塞米松(dexamethasone,DEX)治疗豚鼠爆震性听力损失的给药途径。方法将24只成年豚鼠经脉冲噪声(167dBSPL,间隔2s,80发)暴露后,随机分为3组,每组8只。A组常规耳后切口,将浸透DEX的明胶海绵颗粒置于圆窗龛上。B组在手术显微镜下找到鼓膜,穿刺后将浸透DEX的明胶海绵颗粒置于圆窗龛上。C组手术方法同A组,给予生理盐水。分别于爆震前,爆震后24h及治疗后3周检测豚鼠听性脑干反应(auditorybrainstemresponse,ABR)。琥珀酸脱氢酶染色(succinicdehydrogenase,SDH)基底膜铺片,观察毛细胞。结果ABR检测结果显示:治疗后3周A组和C组ABRclick反应阈移差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);A组和B组,B组和C组比较差异均无统计学意义。SDH基底膜铺片观察3组毛细胞,见A组和B组毛细胞恢复均较C组好,但是A组恢复更佳。结论耳后径路和鼓膜直接穿刺给予DEX对豚鼠爆震性听力损失均有作用,前者效果明显。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2008,8:15-17)
简介:目的探讨并分析眼科白内障超声乳化手术中表面麻醉给药的观察及护理。方法采用统计分析方法选取2014年3月-2016年2月期间在本院接受治疗的患有白内障疾病患者80例为研究对象,对所有患者采取白内障超声乳化手术同时采取表面麻醉给药方法配合治疗,同时采取术前教育、心理护理、术后护理的综合护理手段帮助治疗,观察并分析患者术后情况。结果经过相应的治疗,患者术后1d、16d、80d视力达到0.5以上占总数的97.5%(78/80),其中视力达No.8及以上患者占总数33.75(27/80),视力达No.3及下患者占总数的2.5%(2/80)。结论针对白内障超声乳化手术中给于表面麻醉治疗的同时实施相应的护理配合治疗可以显著提高患者的疾病治愈率,帮助患者视力恢复,值得深入挖掘。
简介:目的:系统评价白内障超声乳化吸除术前加用非甾体抗炎药(nonsteroidalanti-inflammatorydrugs,NSAIDs)对术后黄斑囊样水肿(cystoidmacularedema,CME)的影响。方法:计算机检索CochraneLibrary、PubMed、BMC、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普中文期刊数据库(VIP)。收集NSAIDs的不同给药时机(试验组予以NSAIDs术前及术后局部点眼治疗,对照组予以NSAIDs术后治疗)对白内障超声乳化吸除术后CME及黄斑中心凹厚度影响的临床随机对照试验文献。采用RevMan5.2软件及Stata12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入6项研究。术前是否加用NSAIDs对白内障超声乳化吸除术后CME的发生在术后1wk差异无统计学意义(OR=1.58,95%CI:0.48~5.18,P〉0.05)、术后1mo差异无统计学意义(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.30~2.00,P〉0.05),术后3mo差异有统计学意义(OR=0.22,95%CI:0.11~0.43,P〈0.01);黄斑中心凹厚度在术后1wk差异无统计学意义(WMD=-7.20,95%CI:-15.17~0.77,P〉0.05)、术后1mo差异无统计学意义(WMD=-3.98,95%CI:-14.05~6.08,P〉0.05),术后3mo差异有统计学意义(WMD=-18.25,95%CI:-33.80~-2.70,P〈0.05)。结论:术前及术后联合应用NSAIDs治疗可以显著降低白内障超声乳化吸除术后CME的发生,降低术后黄斑中心凹的厚度,提示NSAIDs的术前术后联合应用较单独术后应用更具有优越性。
简介:目的:探讨裂隙灯眼前段处理系统在眼科临床工作中的各种实际应用状况及操作技巧。方法:应用配置佳能PowerShotA720IS型数码照相机(1200万像素)SLM型裂隙灯显微镜检查眼部病变情况,并在裂隙灯下根据不同的病变位置,在不同色彩、角度下进行照相(放大倍率×10;×16;×20)。结果:采集不同种类疾病具有代表性照片:眼睑及结膜肿物、结膜裂伤、角膜炎、角膜异物、翼状胬肉、前房积血、前房角异物等如图示。结论:裂隙灯眼前段处理系统的应用为临床医疗文献提供直接定性依据,给患者了解自身病情带来便利,照片直观、经济,在眼科领域的临床应用具有广阔的前景。
简介:目的评价海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪黄斑区视网膜分析系统(macularedemamodule,MEM)的三个技术参数,了解其变异性及可重复性来判断其临床应用价值。方法对78例(78只眼)正常健康志愿者应用海德堡视网膜断层扫描仪黄斑区视网膜分析系统进行检查。分析扫描深度值(Z)、视网膜信号宽度值(W)、水肿指数值(E)三参数的均值及变异系数,并分析黄斑反射图、地形图、信号宽度图、水肿指数图的图像特征。结果黄斑中心0.5mm范围内视网膜扫描深度均值(Z)为1.4430848,变异系数55.6%。W值为795.27±193.53,变异系数17.6%。E值为1.13±0.35,变异系数27.8%。不同个体三参数差异有高度显著性(P<0.01),个体变异较大。不同时间段三参数测量差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论MEM可对黄斑区视网膜厚度进行量化分析,个体变异较大,但重复性好,HRT-Ⅱ检查适合黄斑疾病的个体随诊观察。
简介:目的探讨数字化多媒体系统矫治训练对大龄儿童弱视的治疗效果。方法选取2013年1月至2016年1月我院门诊收治的大龄弱视患儿86例(128眼),作为研究对象。根据患儿治疗方案的差异将其分为观察组与对照组,对照组45例患儿接受常规综合治疗措施,观察组41例患儿接受数字化多媒体系统治疗,比较两组患儿治疗后双眼视功能变化及疗效。结果观察组患儿治疗后总有效率明显高于对照组,并且观察组患者立体视改善率明显高于对照组,P〈0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论对大龄弱视患儿采取数字化多媒体系统治疗可有效改善患儿弱视症状,提高患儿双眼视功能,缩短患儿视功能障碍治疗时间,具有临床应用及推广价值。
简介:AIM:Anaerobicbacteriacancauseocularinfections.WetestedtheOxyPlateTMAnaerobicSystem(OXY)toisolatepertinentanaerobicbacteriathatcancauseoculardisease.METHODS:OXY,whichdoesnotrequiredirectanaerobicconditions(i.e.bags,jars),wascomparedtoconventionalisolationofincubatingculturemediainanaerobicbags.Standardcoloniescountswereperformedonanaerobicocularbacterialisolatesunderaerobicandanaerobicconditions(anaerobicbags)usingagarmedia:1)OXY(aerobiconly),2)5%sheepblood(SB),3)Chocolate,and4)Schaedler.Thebacteriatestedwerede-identifiedocularisolatesculturedfromendophthalmitisanddacryocystitisthatinclude10Propionibacteriumacnesand3Actinomycesspecies.Thecolonycountsforeachbacteriaisolate,oneachculturingcondition,wererankedfromlargesttosmallest,andnon-parametricallycomparedtodeterminethebestculturingcondition.RESULTS:Allanaerobicconditionswerepositiveforalloftheanaerobicisolates.SBandSchaedler’sagarunderaerobicconditionsdidnotsupportthegrowthofanaerobicbacteria.SparsegrowthwasnotedonchocolateagarwithPropionibacteriumacnes.Asananaerobicsystem,SBinananaerobicbagisolatedhighercolonycountsthanOXY(P=0.0028)andchocolateagar(P=0.0028).CONCLUSION:AlthoughOXYdidnottesttobemoreefficientthanotheranaerobicsystems,itappearstobeareasonablealternativeforisolatinganaerobicbacteriafromocularsites.Theuseofanagarmediuminaspeciallydesignedplate,withouttherequirementofananaerobicbag,renderedOXYasanadvantageoverotheranaerobicsystems.
简介:AIM:Tomeasurecentralcornealthickness(CCT)andpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessusingtheGalileidualScheimpfluganalyzer(GSA)inNewZealandWhiterabbits.METHODS:TennormalNewZealandWhiterabbits(20eyes)wereincludedinthisstudy.Withtheassistanceof0.1%fluorescein,thepre-cornealtearfilmcanbewellvisualized.BotheyesofeachrabbitwerescannedoncewiththeGSApre-andpost-instillationof1μL0.1%fluorescein.ThedifferencebetweenthetwomeasurementsofCCT(4-mmdiameter)wasrecordedasthepachymetricvaluesofthecentraltearfilm.RESULTS:TheCCTofpre-andpost-instillationwas388.8±9.5μmand407.0±10.5μm,respectively.Afterapairedt-testanalysis,thecentralpre-cornealtearfilmthicknessof4mmdiameterwas18.2±5.31μmwitha95%confidenceintervalof(15.7,20.6)μm(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:GSAcanbeusedtomeasureCCTandanalyzecentraltearfilmthicknessofrabbitswiththehelpoffluorescein.
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheaccuracyofsphericalequivalent(SE)estimatesofadouble-passsystemandtocompareitwithretinoscopy,subjectiverefractionandatablemountedautorefractor.METHODS:Non-cycloplegicrefractionwasperformedon125eyesof65healthyadults(age23.5±3.0years)fromOctober2010toJanuary2011usingretinoscopy,subjectiverefraction,autorefraction(AutokeratorefractometerTOPCONKR-8100,Japan)andadoublepasssystem(OpticalQualityAnalysisSystem,OQAS,VisiometricsS.L.,Spain).Nineconsecutivemeasurementswiththedouble-passsystemwereperformedonasubgroupof22eyestoassessrepeatability.ToevaluatethetruenessoftheOQASinstrument,theSElaboratorybiasbetweenthedoublepasssystemandtheothertechniqueswascalculated.RESULTS:TheSEmeancoefficientofrepeatabilityobtainedwas0.22D.SignificantcorrelationscouldbeestablishedbetweentheOQASandtheSEobtainedwithretinoscopy(r=0.956,P<0.001),subjectiverefraction(r=0.955,P<0.001)andautorefraction(r=0.957,P<0.001).ThedifferencesinSEbetweenthedouble-passsystemandtheothertechniquesweresignificant(P<0.001),butlackedclinicalrelevanceexceptforretinoscopy;Retinoscopygavemorehyperopicvaluesthanthedouble-passsystem-0.51±0.50Daswellasthesubjectiverefraction-0.23±0.50D;Moremyopicvalueswereachievedbymeansofautorefraction0.24±0.49D.CONCLUSION:Thedouble-passsystemprovidesaccurateandreliableestimatesoftheSEthatcanbeusedforclinicalstudies.Thistechniquecandeterminethecorrectfocuspositiontoassesstheocularopticalquality.However,ithasarelativelysmallmeasuringrangeincomparisonwithautorefractors(-8.00to+5.00D),andrequirespriorinformationontherefractivestateofthepatient.