简介：AbstractBackground:Zoonoses are public health threats that cause severe damage worldwide. Zoonoses constitute a key indicator of One Health (OH) and the OH approach is being applied for zoonosis control programmes of zoonotic diseases. In a very recent study, we developed an evaluation system for OH performance through the global OH index (GOHI). This study applied the GOHI to evaluate OH performance for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods:The framework for the OH index on zoonoses (OHIZ) was constructed including five indicators, 15 subindicators and 28 datasets. Publicly available data were referenced to generate the OHIZ database which included both qualitative and quantitative indicators for all sub-Sahara African countries (n = 48). The GOHI algorithm was used to estimate scores for OHIZ. Indicator weights were calculated by adopting the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process.Results:Overall, five indicators associated with weights were generated as follows: source of infection (23.70%), route of transmission (25.31%), targeted population (19.09%), capacity building (16.77%), and outcomes/case studies (15.13%). Following the indicators, a total of 37 sub-Sahara African countries aligned with OHIZ validation, while 11 territories were excluded for unfit or missing data. The OHIZ average score of sub-Saharan Africa was estimated at 53.67/100. The highest score was 71.99 from South Africa, while the lowest score was 40.51 from Benin. It is also worth mentioning that Sub-Sahara African countries had high performance in many subindicators associated with zoonoses, e.g., surveillance and response, vector and reservoir interventions, and natural protected areas, which suggests that this region had a certain capacity in control and prevention or responses to zoonotic events.Conclusions:This study reveals that it is possible to perform OH evaluation for zoonoses in sub-Saharan Africa by OHIZ. Findings from this study provide preliminary research information in advancing knowledge of the evidenced risks to strengthen strategies for effective control of zoonoses and to support the prevention of zoonotic events.

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简介：AbstractHepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although discovered > 40 years ago, little attention has been paid to this pathogen from both scientific and public communities. However, effectively combating hepatitis D requires advanced scientific knowledge and joint efforts from multi-stakeholders. In this review, we emphasized the recent advances in HDV virology, epidemiology, clinical feature, treatment, and prevention. We not only highlighted the remaining challenges but also the opportunities that can move the field forward.

简介：AbstractBackground:The complete mesogastrium excision (CME) based on D2 radical gastrectomy is believed to significantly reduce the local-regional recurrence compared with D2 radical gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer, and it is widely used in China. This study aimed to explore whether D2 + CME is superior to D2 on surgical outcomes during gastrectomy from Chinese data.Methods:Feasible studies comparing the D2 + CME (D2 + CME group) and D2 (D2 group) published up to March 2020 are searched from electronic databases. The data showing surgical and complication outcomes are extracted to be pooled and analyzed.Results:Fourteen records including 1352 patients were included. The D2 + CME group had a shorter mean operative time (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -16.72 min, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -26.56 to - 6.87 min, P < 0.001), lower mean blood loss (WMD = -39.08 mL, 95% CI: -49.94 to -28.21 mL, P < 0.001), higher mean number of retrieved lymph nodes (WMD = 2.13, 95% CI: 0.58-3.67, P = 0.007), shorter time to first flatus (WMD =-0.31 d, 95% CI: -0.53 to - 0.10 d, P = 0.005), and postoperative hospital days (WMD =-1.09, 95% CI: -1.92 to -0.25, P = 0.010) than the D2 group. Subgroup analysis suggested that the advantages from the D2 + CME group were obvious in traditional open radical gastrectomy, proximal gastrectomy, and distal gastrectomy compared with D2 group. The evaluations of post-operative complications showed that the patients who underwent D2 + CME had a lower incidence of post-operative complications than the patients who underwent D2 surgery alone (relative risk [RR] = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45-0.87, P = 0.003). The D2 radical gastrectomy plus CME improved 3-year overall survival (OS) (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.32, P = 0.020) and lowered the local recurrence rate (RR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28-0.94, P = 0.030). The patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery or total gastrectomy had more significant advantages compared between D2 + CME and D2 groups in 3-year OS.Conclusion:The data from China show that D2 radical gastrectomy plus CME are reliable procedures and safety compared to D2 radical gastrectomy with faster recovery, lower risk, and better prognosis.

简介：【摘要】目的 分析在对深静脉血栓形成患者进行早期诊断的过程中，D二聚体(D-D)与凝血因子联合检测的效果。方法 本次研究于本院随机抽取了31例2020年3月-2021年3月接诊的早期深静脉血栓形成患者设为研究组，另选同时期接收的健康体检患者31例设为参照组。两组患者均接受D二聚体与凝血因子联合检测，对比患者的检测结果。结果 研究组接受检测后患者D二聚体指标更高，凝血因子指标更低，对比差异明显（P＜0.05）。 结论 在进行早期深静脉血栓形成患者的诊断过程中，D二聚体联合凝血因子的检测能够充分显示患者在其的血浆指标变化，对深静脉血栓的形成进行提示，以便尽早采取有效的措施进行干预，适合于临床中应用。

简介：摘要目的探讨食管鳞癌患者凝血四项、D-二聚体(D-D)水平与临床病理特征的相关性。方法抽取2020年6月至2021年6月周口市第一人民医院收治的80例食管癌患者作为研究对象，所有患者均接受食管癌根治术治疗，术后行组织病理检查，记录患者临床病理特征；检测患者入院时凝血四项及D-D水平，分析凝血四项、D-D水平与食管鳞癌患者临床病理特征的相关性。结果有淋巴结转移患者纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-D水平高于无淋巴结转移者(P<0.05)；有远端转移患者活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)短于无远端转移者，FIB、D-D水平高于无远端转移者(P<0.05)；低分化患者D-D高于中/高分化者(P<0.05)；经Logistic回归分析结果显示，FIB、D-D高表达与食管鳞癌患者淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05)；APTT短、PT短、FIB及D-D高表达与食管鳞癌患者远端转移有关(P<0.05)；D-D高表达与食管鳞癌患者低分化有关(P<0.05)。结论食管鳞癌患者凝血四项、D-D水平与淋巴结转移、远端转移、肿瘤分化程度等临床病理特征有关。

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简介：【摘要】目的：在冠心病诊断中联合进行超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、D-二聚体(D-D)、脂蛋白(a)[Lp(a)]等指标，并分析其应用价值。方法：选取2019年1月-2022年1月，在我院治疗的60例冠心病患者。根据临床分类标准，将其分为急性心肌梗死组（AMI）18例、不稳定心绞痛组（UAP）22例、稳定性心绞痛组（SAP）20例，同时选取50名健康体检者作为对照组。比较各组的检测结果。结果：冠心病各组患者的hs-CRP、Lp(a)、D-D 水平均明显高于对照组（P＜0.05），冠心病各组对比，AMI 组患者hs-CRP、Lp(a)、D-D 水平最高，其次为UAP 组患者，SAP 组患者最低，差异明显（P＜0.05）。结论：冠心病患者存在hs-CRP、Lp(a)、D-D 水平异常升高情况，且不同类型患者升高幅度也有明显差异，可作为临床诊断鉴别的重要依据。

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简介：【摘要】目的：研究抗凝血酶Ⅲ、D－二聚体、纤维蛋白/纤维蛋白原降解产物与脑卒中的相关性。方法：选取本院接收的脑卒中患者42例，另选取同期健康体检者42例（2021年4月-2022年2月），将42例脑卒中患者设为观察组，42例健康体检者设为对照组，检测两组AT-Ⅲ、D－二聚体、FDP水平，比较治疗前后两组AT-Ⅲ、D－二聚体、FDP水平变化情况。结果：治疗前，相比于对照组，观察组FDP、D-D等指标明显更高（P

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简介：摘要：解剖学是研究人体结构的学科，是医学学习的基础学科，掌握好解剖学的知识对于医生后续的临床实践非常重要。随着科技的发展，对于解剖学的学习出现很多好的工具，比如3D动画，虚拟实验室等，这些工具可以帮助学生快速了解解剖知识，可视化的明白一些知识，对于解剖学的发展意义重大。本篇文章就是阐述3D动画在解剖中应用，为推进解剖学的发展提供一些思路。

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简介：摘要目的探讨补充维生素D对D-半乳糖诱导的衰老大鼠睾丸功能的作用及可能机制。方法利用皮下注射D-半乳糖诱导衰老大鼠模型，将实验动物随机分为6组：衰老(DG)组、衰老+低剂量维生素D补充(LD)组、衰老+高剂量维生素D补充(HD)组、正常对照组(NC)、正常+低剂量维生素D补充(LN)组、正常+高剂量维生素D补充(HN)组。测定各组大鼠体重、睾丸重量、血清睾酮浓度、精子质量。利用光镜检测睾丸形态学变化，利用分光光度计测定超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)水平，利用Western blot检测睾丸维生素D受体(VDR)、Nrf2、GCLC及SOD2的表达水平。`结果与NC组相比，DG组大鼠睾丸重量、血清睾酮水平、SOD活性、Nrf2、GCLC、SOD2表达水平显著降低，而MDA水平显著升高。经维生素D补充后，HD及LD组大鼠睾丸重量、睾酮水平及SOD活性显著升高，而MDA水平较前显著下降；Nrf2、GCLC、SOD2及VDR表达水平显著升高。结论维生素D可能通过激活Nrf2-ARE信号通路提高睾丸抗氧化应激能力，从而改善D-半乳糖诱导的衰老大鼠睾丸功能。

简介：摘要目的探讨3D腹腔镜精索静脉精准结扎术治疗成人原发性临床型精索静脉曲张的临床价值。方法选取2016年3月至2019年1月符合条件的241例原发性临床型精索静脉曲张患者，其中123例行2D腹腔镜手术(2D组)，118例行3D腹腔镜手术(3D组)。对两组患者的手术时间、精索内动脉识别率、术后精液质量改善率、复发率、并发症发生率进行对比分析。结果2D组的手术时间长于3D组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；3D组的精索内动脉识别率显著高于2D组，差异有统计学意义(90.7% vs.74.8%，P<0.05)；在并发症发生率方面，3D组的睾丸鞘膜积液发生率显著低于2D组(P<0.05)，两组的附睾炎、阴囊水肿、睾丸萎缩发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)；术后随访6~12个月，3D组的精液质量改善率明显优于2D组(87.3% vs.74.0%，P<0.05)；两组患者的复发率比较，差异无统计学意义(8.1% vs. 5.9%，P>0.05)。结论与2D腹腔镜相比，3D腹腔镜精索静脉精准结扎术手术时间更短，并发症发生率更低，精液质量改善率更高，有条件的医院可将其作为腹腔镜治疗精索静脉曲张的首选方法。

简介：摘要缺血性卒中是全世界范围内致残和致死的第二大原因，给社会和家庭带来沉重负担。流行病学研究表明，维生素D水平与高血压、糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化以及脑血管事件患病率相关。文章对维生素D水平与缺血性卒中发病风险、急性期梗死体积、神经功能缺损严重程度以及功能转归的关系进行了综述，探讨了补充维生素D对缺血性卒中的影响，期望为缺血性卒中防治提供新的思路。

简介：摘要消退素是近年来新发现的内源性促炎症消退介质，消退素D2通过与其受体G蛋白偶联受体18结合产生抗炎及镇痛作用，已在炎症疾病、疼痛疾病、神经系统疾病等领域受到越来越多的重视，且在呼吸系统、消化系统、心血管系统疾病及肿瘤疾病等其他领域显示出良好的应用前景，有望为临床新型药物研制提供一种新的方案。

简介：摘要CD1d分子是CD1家族的一员，广泛表达于树突状细胞和B细胞等抗原提呈细胞表面。CD1d可以将脂类或糖脂类抗原提呈给自然杀伤T细胞，使其活化并产生一系列细胞因子，直接或间接参与机体的免疫应答。研究发现，CD1d分子提呈抗原以及T细胞受体识别CD1d-抗原复合物等方面具有独特的方式。本文对CD1d分子的主要特征及其在支气管哮喘的发病和治疗中的作用作一综述。

简介：摘要TSC22D1是TSC-22/Dip/Bun家族中的一员，在大鼠、小鼠和人类等不同种属之间具有高度同源性，是一个高度保守的基因；其两个转录本TSC22D1.1和TSC22D1.2在参与细胞生长、分化和凋亡的调控中功能相反，与肿瘤增殖、凋亡等密切相关；不仅仅局限于参与肿瘤进程，且具有协调脂质代谢、诱导细胞衰老、参与细胞外基质重构等生物学功能。本文综述了TSC22D1的相关研究，使其成为一种新的生物学标志物对指导临床诊断、治疗和机制探索具有重要意义。