简介：

简介：这篇论文涉及近似可控制性的费用和热方程的空可控制性的界限，即，最小的Lp需要近似控制系统的控制或控制的标准和L∞标准需要驾驶系统的状态到零。我们使用的方法联合observability不平等，为热方程的精力估计和双理论。

简介：Westudyaninventorysysteminwhichproductsareorderedfromoutsidetomeetdemands,andthecumulativedemandisgovernedbyaBrownianmotion.Excessivedemandisbacklogged.Wesupposethattheshortageandholdingcostsassociatedwiththeinventoryaregivenbyageneralconvexfunction.Theproductorderingfromoutsideincursalinearorderingcostandasetupfee.Thereisaconstantleadtimewhenplacinganorder.Theoptimalpolicyisestablishedsoastominimizethediscountedcostincludingtheinventorycostandorderingcost.

简介：在这篇论文，我们以速度在二台一致机器上调查安排问题的变体1；s。为这个问题，我们被给二台潜在的一致机器处理独立工作的一个序列。机器需要在开始到过程前被激活，；激活的每台机器招致固定机器激活费用。没有机器开始被激活，；当一个工作被揭示时，算法有选择激活新机器。目的是最小化makes平底锅的和；机器激活费用。我们与竞争比率设计最佳的联机算法(2s+1)为每s≥1的/(s+1)。

简介：Afewclassesoforganiccompoundsarepromisingelectrode-activematerialsduetotheirhighpowerandenergydensities,lowcost,environmentalfriendliness,andfunctionality.Inthepresentwork,thepossibilityofusingKlasonligninextractedfrombuckwheathusksasacathode-activematerialforaprimarylithiumbatteryhasbeeninvestigatedforthefirsttime.Thereactionmechanisminthelithium/ligninelectrochemicalcellwassuggestedbasedonthedeepgalvanostaticdischarge(upto0.005V)dataandcyclicvoltammetryresults.ThedependenceoftheelectrochemicalbehavioroftheKlasonligninonthemillingdegreewasevaluated.Themaximumspecificcapacityoftheligninisequalto600mAhg-1atadischargecurrentdensityof75μAcm-2.BeneficialeffectofthethermaltreatmentoftheKlasonlignincathodeat250°Conthecellperformancewasestablished.Itwasfoundthatthedischargecapacityofthecellincreasedby30%intherangefrom3.3to0.9Vforthetreatedcathodematerial.TheseresultsdemonstratetheprospectsofusingKlasonlignin-basedelectrochemicalcellsaslow-rateprimarypowersources.

简介：Here,wereportthesynthesisofhardcarbonmaterials(RH)madefromnaturalricehuskthroughasinglepyrolysisprocessandtheirapplicationasananodeinsodium-ionbatteries.ThestudiesshowthattheelectrochemicalpropertiesofRHsareaffectedbythetreatmenttemperatures,whichdeterminethematerialsmorphology,inparticular,theirdegreeofgraphitizationandextentofcontinuouschannels(nanovoids).Thelatterareaccessibletosodiumionsandsignificantlycontributetochargestoragecapacityoftheproducedanodes.TheRHsobtainedat1600°Cdeliverthehighestreversiblecapacityof276mAhg-1mainlyduetoinsertionofsodiumionsintothenanovoids.Thisworkdeepensthebasicunderstandingoftheinfluenceofthecarbonizationtemperatureonthesodiumstoragemechanism.

简介：Thispaperproposesanonmonotonicbacktrackingtrustregionalgorithmviabilevellinearprogrammingforsolvingthegeneralmulticommodityminimalcostflowproblems.Usingthedualitytheoryofthelinearprogrammingandconvextheory,thegeneralizeddirectionalderivativeofthegeneralmulticommodityminimalcostflowproblemsisderived.Theglobalconvergenceandsuperlinearconvergencerateoftheproposedalgorithmareestablishedundersomemildconditions.

简介：WedescribeandexperimentallydemonstrateameasuringtechniqueforMach–Zehnderinterferometer（MZI）basedintegratedphotonicbiochemicalsensors.OurtechniqueisbasedonthedirectmeasurementofphasechangesbetweenthearmsoftheMZI,achievedbysignalmodulationononeofthearmsoftheinterferometertogetherwithpseudoheterodynedetection,anditallowsustoavoidtheuseofcostlyequipmentsuchastunablelightsourcesorspectrumanalyzers.Theobtainedoutputsignalisintrinsicallyindependentofwavelength,powervariations,andglobalthermalvariations,makingitextremelyrobustandadequateforuseinrealconditions.Usingasilicon-on-insulatorMZI,wedemonstratethereal-timemonitoringofrefractiveindexvariationsandachieveadetectionlimitof4.1×10-6refractiveindexunits（RIU）.

简介：Industrialgrademulti-walledcarbonnanotubes(IG-MWCNTs)arealow-costsubstituteforcommerciallypurifiedmulti-walledcarbonnanotubes(P-MWCNTs).Inthiswork,IG-MWCNTswerefunctionalizedwithtetraethylenepentamine(TEPA)forCO2capture.TheTEPAimpregnatedIG-MWCNTswerecharacterizedwithvariousexperimentalmethodsincludingN2adsorption/desorptionisotherms,elementalanalysis,X-raydiffraction,Fouriertransforminfraredspectroscopyandthermogravimetricanalysis.BoththeadsorptionisothermsofIGMWCNTs-nandtheisostericheatsofdifferentadsorptioncapacitieswereobtainedfromexperiments.TEPAimpregnatedIG-MWCNTswerealsoshowntohavehighCO2adsorptioncapacitycomparabletothatofTEPAimpregnatedP-MWCNTs.TheadsorptioncapacityofIG-MWCNTsbasedadsorbentswasintherangeof2.145to3.088mmol/g,dependingonadsorptiontemperatures.Havingtheadvantagesoflow-costandhighadsorptioncapacity,TEPAimpregnatedIG-MWCNTsseemtobeapromisingadsorbentforCO2capturefromfluegas.

简介：Weproposeapositionsensorlesscontrolschemeforafour-switch,three-phasebrushlessDCmotordrive,basedonthezerocrossingpointdetectionofphaseback-EMFvoltagesusingnewlydefinederrorfunctions(EFs).Thecommutationin-stantsare30°afterdetectedzerocrossingpointsoftheEFs.DevelopedEFshavegreatermagnituderatherthanphaseorlinevoltagessothatthesensorlesscontrolcanworkatalowerspeedrange.Moreover,EFshavesmoothtransitionsaroundzerovoltagelevelthatreducesthecommutationerrors.EFsarederivedfromthefilteredterminalvoltagesvaoandvbooftwolow-passfilters,whichareusedtoeliminatehighfrequencynoisesforcalculationoftheaverageterminalvoltages.Thefeasibilityoftheproposedsensorlesscontrolisdemonstratedbysimulationandexperimentalresults.

简介：Facileproductionofhighqualityactivatedcarbonsfrombiomassmaterialshasgreatlytriggeredmuchattentionpresently.Inthispaper,aseriesofinterconnectedporouscarbonmaterialsfromlotusrootshellsbiomassarepreparedviasimplepyrolysisandfollowedbyaKOHactivationprocess.Thepreparedcarbonsexhibithighspecificsurfaceareasofupto2961m~2/gandlargeporevolume～1.47cm3/g.Inaddition,theresultantporouscarbonsservedaselectrodematerialsinsupercapacitorexhibithighspecificcapacitanceandoutstandingrecyclingstabilityandhighenergydensity.Inparticular,theirspecificcapacitanceretentionwasalmost100%after10500cyclesatacurrentdensityof2A/g.Remarkabely,theimpactofthetailoredspecificsurfaceareasofvariouscarbonsamplesontheircapacitiveperformancesissystematicallyinvestigated.Generally,itwasbelievedthatthehighly-developedporosityfeatures(includingsurfaceareasandporevolumeandporesize-distributions),togetherwiththegoodconductivityofactivatedcarbonspecies,playakeyroleineffectivelyimprovingthestorageenergyperformancesoftheporouscarbonelectrodematerialsinsupercapacitor.

简介：UniqueZnSnanobunsdecoratedwithreducedgrapheneoxide(RGO)wassynthesizedandfoundtoexhibitasynergeticeffectasahighlyefficientandlow-costcounterelectrode(CE)indye-sensitizedsolarcells(DSCs).UsingthisZnS-RGOCE,apowerconversionefficiency(PCE)of7.03%wasachieved.Thisvaluewas53%and41%higherthanthoseofpureZnSandRGOCEs,respectively.TheZnS-RGOnanocompositeisindeedanefficientandcost-effectivePt-likealternativeforiodinereductionreaction.

简介：Wehavedevelopedacost-effectiveandhighlycompact100-Gb/scoarsewavelengthdivisionmultiplexing(CWDM)transmitteropticalsubassembly(TOSA)usinglens-freehybridintegration.Toachievelargealignmenttolerances,distributedfeedbacklaserdiodes(DFB-LDs)arebutt-coupledtoafour-channelsilica-basedplanarlightwavecircuit(PLC)arrayedwaveguidegrating,withthesiliconsub-mountsandPLCadhesivelybonded.Then,aflexibleprintedcircuitisemployedtoconnecttheinternalDFB-LDsandtheexterioroftheTOSApackageforradiofrequencysignaltransmission,eliminatingtheexpensiveceramicfeed-through.ThepackagedCWDMTOSA,whichis15.8mm×7.0mm×6.0mminsize,showsaside-modesuppressionratioof>40dB,a3dBbandwidthof>18GHz,anderror-freetransmissionwithanaverageopticaloutputpowerof>0dBmanddynamicextinctionratioof>4.0dBat25.78125Gb/sovera10kmsingle-modefiberforallfourlanes.