简介：能值-生态足迹模型是基于能值理论基础,结合生态足迹模型,运用区域能值密度将各项消费项目转换为可以直接相加的生物生产性面积,并以此来反映区域发展对区域环境资源的利用程度,衡量和评价区域海洋经济的可持续发展状况。本研究将能值-生态足迹模型应用到区域海洋生态系统中,对海洋能值-生态足迹概念进行了界定,构建了海洋能值-生态足迹模型,并以山东省海洋生态系统为例进行了实证研究。结果表明,2010年山东省海洋生态系统总能值-生态足迹为1.74×106hm^2,海洋生态系统总能值-生态承载力为1.60×107hm^2,处于生态盈余状态,反映出山东海洋经济具有较强的可持续性。

简介：能值-生态足迹模型是基于能值理论基础,结合生态足迹模型,运用区域能值密度将各项消费项目转换为可以直接相加的生物生产性面积,并以此来反映区域发展对区域环境资源的利用程度,衡量和评价区域海洋经济的可持续发展状况。本研究将能值-生态足迹模型应用到区域海洋生态系统中,对海洋能值-生态足迹概念进行了界定,构建了海洋能值-生态足迹模型,并以山东省海洋生态系统为例进行了实证研究。结果表明,2010年山东省海洋生态系统总能值-生态足迹为1.74×106hm~2,海洋生态系统总能值-生态承载力为1.60×107hm~2,处于生态盈余状态,反映出山东海洋经济具有较强的可持续性。更多还原

简介：Thegrowth,biochemicalcontentandbioaccumulationquantityof2,2’,4,4’-tetrabromodiphenylether(BDE-47)inSkeletonemacostatumwerestudiedunderdifferentN:Pratios(1,4,16,64and128).AllcellularbiochemicalcontentsofS.costatumpresenteddecreasingtrendovercultivationtime.Atearlystageofcultivation,thecellularprotein,carbohydrateandlipidinS.costatumpresentedhighervaluesintreatmentsofN:P=4and16.However,theywerelowerinthesetreatmentsatthelatestage,buthigherintreatmentsN:P=1and128.Similarly,BDE-47levelspercellofS.costatumwerehigherintreatmentsofN:P=4and16atearlystageofcultivation,whichwere3.8and3.7ng(106cells)-1,respectively.Atthemiddlestageofcultivation,theBDE-47levelperS.costatumcelllowered;anditfurtherreducedinthetreatmentsofN:P=4and16atthelatestagewiththevalues0.6and0.5ng(106cells)-1,respectively.However,itroseinN:P=128,reachingupto2.3ng(106cells)-1.ComparedwithBDE-47percell,BDE-47peralgalvolumeunderdifferentN:Pratiosdidnotpresentobviousdifference.ThequantityBDE-47accumulatedpercellofS.costatumwaspositivelycorrelatedwithprotein,carbohydrateandlipidpercell;meanwhile,theBDE-47pervolumehadapositivecorrelationwithbiochemicalcontentpervolume.ThevariationofbioaccumulationabilityofBDE-47inS.costatumcanbeexplainedbybiochemicalchangesduetoN:Pratios.

简介：TiO2filmswereformedonmetallictitaniumsubstratesbytheanodicoxidationmethodinH2SO4solutionunderthe80VD.C..PhasecomponentandmicrostructurewerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM).Watercontactanglesontitaniumoxidefilmsurfaceweremeasuredunderbothdarkandsunlightilluminationconditions.Corrosiontestswerecarriedoutinseawaterunderdifferentilluminationconditionsbyelectrochemistryimpedancespectrum(EIS)andpolarizationcurves.TheresultshowedthattheTiO2filmpreparedbytheanodicoxidationmethodwasanatasewithauniformstructureandwithoutobviousporesorcracksonitssurface.Theaveragewatercontactangleofthefilmwas116.4?indark,incontrasttoanangleof42.7?undertheUVilluminationfor2hours,whichdemonstratesgoodhydrophobicproperty.Theanti-corrosionbehavioroftheTiO2filmwasdecliningwiththeextendedimmersiontime.Underdarkconditions,however,thehydrophobicTiO2filmretardedthewaterinfiltratingintothesubstrate.Theimpedancechangedslowlyandthecorrosioncurrentdensitywas2ordersofmagnitudelowerthanthatwiththefilmilluminatedbysunlight.AllofthosementionedaboveindicatethattheTiO2filmpossessesmuchbetterperformanceunderdarkcondition,anditcanbeappliedasanengineeringmaterialunderdarkseawaterenvironment.

简介：为弥补测高数据在近海区域因为编辑准则被剔除而导致近海测量数据质量不高的缺点,利用5参数模型的两种形式和Ice-2模型对Jason-2卫星在中国南海部分海域的海洋回波波形进行了波形重跟踪的研究,并选择20个海洋回波波形,依据最小二乘原理进行计算、分析、对比,发现5参数模型的指数形式的结果和Ice-2模型结果非常接近.研究结果表明,在开阔的海域,对Jason-2波形进行3种方法波形重跟踪时,可以优先考虑Ice-2模型.波形重跟踪技术能够提高卫星测高数据利用率,为科学研究提供可靠的数据保障.

简介：我们曾报道了短梗霉菌产生的高纤维素酶产量98。在这项研究中，羧甲基纤维素酶（CMCase）在培养的细胞。短梗霉98的纯化至均一，与酶的最大产量为4.51U（mg蛋白）-1。SDS-PAGE分析表明，纯化的酶的分子量为67.0kda。具有相当的敏感性为40℃纯化的酶的最适温度，比从其他真菌的cmcases低得多。该酶的最佳pH值为5.6，和活动的个人资料被稳定在一个范围内的酸度（pH5,0-6.0）。这种酶被激活Na＋，Mg2＋，Ca2＋，K＋，Fe2＋和Cu2＋，然而，它是由Fe3＋，Ba2＋，Zn2＋，Mn2＋和银离子抑制。公里和纯化的酶的Vmax值4.7mgml-10.57pmolL-1min-1（mg蛋白）1，分别。只有大小不同的低聚糖，羧甲基纤维素（CMC）释放与纯化的酶水解后。该基因编码的酶是A.霉98个克隆，其中包含一个开放阅读框（eu978473）意义。推导的蛋白质含有酶超家族的保守结构域（糖基水解酶家族5）。的N-末端氨基酸序列的纯化的酶是m-a-p-h-a-e-p-q-s-q-t-t-e-q-t-s-s-g-q-f，这与从克隆的基因推导一致。这表明，纯化的酶是由克隆纤维素酶基因在酵母编码。

简介：开展潮流能装置实海况试验、检测与评价方法研究，对海洋高科技成果的转化、海洋可再生能源开发提供了科学、有效的技术保障。文章通过对潮流能装置的功率输出特性、年发电量、能量转换效率三项核心指标进行分析，提出指标的测试内容和评价方法，为实现潮流能海上试验与测试场建设提供技术依据；并根据对海上风电场的研究，提出了海上试验场潮流能装置的电能质量测试与评估方法；给出潮流能装置安全准入的测试内容，全面评估试验场潮流能装置的运行状态。

简介：CarboncycleisconnectedwiththemostimportantenvironmentalissueofGlobalChange.Asoneofthemajorcarbonreservoirs,oceansplayanimportantpartinthecarboncycle.Inrecentyears,ironseemstogiveusagoodnewsthatoceanicironfertilizationcouldstimulatebiologicalproduc-tivityasCO2sinkofhuman-producedCO2.Oceanicironfertilizationexperimentshaveverifiedthataddingironintohighnutrientlowchlorophyll(HNLC)seawaterscanincreasephytoplanktonproductionandexportorganiccarbon,andhenceincreasecarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2,toreduceglobalwarming.Insixtydays,theexportorganiccarboncouldreach10000timesforaddingironbymodelpredictionandinsituexperiment,I.e.TheatmosphericCO2uptakeandinorganiccarbondrawdowninupperseawatersalsohavethesamemagnitude.Therefore,oceanicironfertilizationisoneofthestrate-giesforincreasingcarbonsinkofanthropogenicCO2.Thepaperisfocusedontheironfertilization,es-peciallyinsituoceanironexperimentsinorderthatthefutureresearchismoreefficient.

简介：Astochastictwo-dimensionalFornasini-Marchesini'sModelⅡ(2-DFMMⅡ)withmultiplicativenoiseisgiven,andafilteringalgorithmforthismodel,whichisoptimalinthesenseoflinearminimum-variance,isdeveloped.Thestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoisecanbereducedtoa1-Dmodel,andtheproposedoptimalfilteringalgorithmforthestochastic2-DFMMⅡwithmultiplicativenoiseisobtainedbyusingthestateestimationtheoryof1-Dsystems.Anexampleisgiventoillustratethevalidityofthisalgorithm.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedetaildesignconditions,designcriteriaandmethodsaswellasdesignconclusionsoftheprocess,structureandcorrosionoftheproductionflowlinesandhighpressurewaterinjectionlinesinBZ34-2/4oilfieldinBohaiBay.AtpresentthisdesignrepresentsthedesigncapabilityandlevelinthefieldofthesubmarinepipelineengineeringofChina.

简介：Inthisstudy,thecombinedactionsofwavesandtidalcurrentsinestuarineandcoastalareasareconsideredanda2Dmathematicalmodelforsedimenttransportbywavesandtidalcurrentshasbeenestablishedinorthogonalcurvilinearcoordinates.Non-equilibriumtransportequationsofsuspendedloadandbedloadareusedinthemodel.Theconceptofbackgroundconcentrationisintroduced,andtheformulaofsedimenttransportcapacityoftidalcurrentsfortheOujiangRiverestuaryisobtained.TheDouGuorenformulaisemployedforthesedimenttransportcapacityofwaves.SedimenttransportcapacityintheformofmudandtheintensityofbacksiltingarecalculatedbyuseofLuoZaosen'sformula.Thecalculatedtidalstagesareingoodagreementwiththefielddata,andthecalculatedvelocitiesandflowdirectionsof46verticallinesfor8crosssectionsarealsoingoodagreementwiththemeasureddata.Onsuchabasis,simulationsofbacksiltingafterexcavationofthewaterwaywithasandbarundercomplicatedboundaryconditionsinthenavigationchannelinducedbysuspendedload,bedloadandmudbywavesandtidalcurrentsarediscussed.

简介：一个方便、有效的过程被tosylation和硅石胶化在这研究支持的随后的β-消除为酒精的变换开发到石蜡。有在在0℃的pyridine的p-toluenesulfonyl氯化物的白酒的处理负担得起在房间温度在dichloromethane或氯仿与硅石胶化经历β-消除的tosylates，产出有高生产率的石蜡。

简介：TheDiverGasRecoverySystem(DGRS)isanimportantaccessoryequipmentofthe300mSaturationDiveSystem.Thesystemfacilitatestherecyclingofthebreathinggasesfordivers,therefore,ithasgreateconomicbenefits.InApril1995,a300munmannedtestanda100mmannedtestontheHY2031DGRSwerecarriedoutsuccessively.Tenmonthslater,anothermannedtestontheHY2032DGRS

简介：AninvivofluorescencediscriminationtechniqueforphytoplanktonpopulationwasdevelopedbyusingWaveletpackettransform,clusteranalysisandnon-negativeleastsquares.Thetechniquewasusedtoanalyzewatersamplesfromdifferentsearegions.Forsimulativemixtures,whendominantspeciesaccountfor60%,70%,80%,90%atthedivisionlevel,thecorrectdiscriminationratios(CDRs)are83.0%,99.1%,99.7%and99.9%withtherelativecontentsof58.5%,68.4%,77.7%and86.3%,respectively;whenthealgaedominanceare60%,70%,80%,90%,100%atthegenuslevel,theCDRsare86.1%,94.9%,95.2%,96.8%and96.7%,respectively.Forlaboratorymixtures,theCDRsare88.1%and78.4%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively.Forfieldsamples,theCDRswere91.7%and80%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively(mesocosmexperiments),andtheCDRswere100%and66.7%atthedivisionandgenuslevel,respectively(JiaozhouBay).ThefluorometrictechniquewasusedtoestimatethephytoplanktoncommunitycompositionandrelativeabundanceofdifferentclassesfortheApril2010cruiseintheYellowSeawiththeresultsagreeingwiththoseinpublishedpapersbyotherauthors.

简介：Inthispaper,thefocusedwavegroupswithdifferentparametersandtheiractionsonaverticalcylinderareexperimentallystudied.Theharmonicwavecharacteristicsofthefocusingwavesareanalyzedbytheadditionandsubtractionofthecrestandtroughfocusingwaves.Theanalyzedresultsshowthathigherorderharmonicscanbegeneratedbecauseoftheinteractionofcomponentwaves.Nonlinearityincreaseswiththeinputtedwaveamplitudeandthefrequencywidthincrement.Further,thewaverun-uparoundtheverticalcircularcylinderisexperimentallystudied.Itincreaseswiththewavesteepnessandtherelativecylinderdiameterincrease.However,thevariationsofwaverun-uparoundthecircularcylinderaredifferent.Theresearchesprovideareferenceforfurthernumericalstudies.

简介：TostudytheTaiwanStrait(TS),anunusualseaarea,thenumericalmodelinmarginalseasofChinaisusedtosimulateandanalyzethetidalwavemotioninthestrait.ThenumericalmodelingexperimentsreproducetheamphidromicsystemoftheM2tideinthesouthendoftheTaiwanstrait,andconsequentlyconfirmtheexistenceofthedegenerateamphidromicsystem.Onthisbasis,furtherdiscussionisconductedontheM2systemanditsformationmechanism.ItcanbeconcludedthatthetidalwavesoftheTSisconsistedoftheprogressingwavefromthenorthentranceandthedegenerateamphidromicsystemfromthesouthentrance,inwhichtheprogressingwavefromthenorthentrancedominatesthetidalwavemotioninthestrait.Exceptfortheconvergenteffectcausedbythelandformandboundary,thedegenerateamphidromicsystemproducedinthesouthofthestraitisanotherimportantfactorforthefollowingphenomena:thelargetidalrangeinthemiddleofthestrait,theconcentrativezoneofco-amplitudeandco-phaselineinthesouthofthestrait.ThedegenerateamphidromicsystemismainlyproducedbytheincidentPacificOceantidalwavefromtheLuzonstraitandtheactionbytheshorelineandlandform.Thepositionoftheamphidromicpointiscompelledtomovetowardsouthwestuntildegeneratingbythepowerfulprogressingwavefromthenorthentrance.

简介：以辣椒素为海洋附着生物防污剂,开发了一种用于海水养殖的网衣材料中的防污期长、无毒且高效的防污涂料.辣椒素防污涂料以从天然辣椒中提取的生物活性物质为驱避剂,并不破坏海洋生物链.挂海防污实验证明涂有辣椒素防污涂料的网衣材料具有极佳的防污效果.并进一步讨论了防污涂料的防污效果及影响防污效果的诸多因素.

简介：随着卫星遥感技术的不断发展,高分辨率卫星影像逐渐应用到水深遥感反演领域.利用Worldview-2高分辨率卫星数据和电子海图数据,基于双波段比值法,反演获得实验区域20m以浅的水深.实验表明,Worldview-2等高分辨率多光谱卫星数据,具有一定反演浅水水深的能力,但在5m以浅的水域反演误差较大;双波段比值法,这种半经验半理论的模型,在水深遥感反演中具有更好的适用性;对比了一次线性、二次多项式、指数、对数等拟合方法,发现对数拟合的方法获取绝对水深,其精度相对其他方法更高.

简介：Euphausiapacificisanimportantsourceofnaturalastaxanthin.StudieswerecarriedouttoassesstheextractabilityofastaxanthinfromE.pacificusingsubcritical1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a).Toexaminetheeffectsofmultipleprocessvariablesontheextractionyield,astaxanthinwasextractedundervariousconditionsofpressure(30-150bar),temperature(303-343K),time(10-50min),flowrate(2-10gmin-1),moisturecontent(5.5%-63.61%),andparticlesize(0.25-0.109mm).Theresultsshowedthattheextractionyieldincreasedwithtemperature,pressure,timeandflowrate,butdecreasedwithmoisturecontentandparticlesize.Amaximumyieldof87.74%wasobtainedunderconditionsof100bar,333K,and30minwithaflowrateof6gmin-1andamoisturecontentof5.5%.Thesubstantialastaxanthinyieldobtainedunderlow-pressureconditionsdemonstratesthatsubcriticalR134aisagoodalternativetoCO2forextractionofastaxanthinfromE.pacific.

简介：OnthebasisofdatacollectedintheJiaozhouBayinJuneandJuly2003,theDICdistributioninseawaterisstudied,andanaverageair-seafluxofCO2isestimated.TheresultsshowthatthecontentofDICinsidethebayismarkedlyhigherthanoutsidethebayinJune,butthecontentofDICoutsidethebayismarkedlyhigherthaninsidethebayinJuly.ThetrendofDICdistributioninsidethebayissimilar,viz.thecontentisthemaximuminthenortheast,thendecreasesgraduallytowardthewest,andthecontentistheminimuminthewest.Thetotaltrendofverticaldistributionistoincreasegraduallyfromsurfacetobottom.ThischaracteristicofDICdistributionisdeterminedbyJiaozhouBayhydrologyandthereisacloserelationbetweenDICandparticulateN,P.AverageCO2fluxacrossthesourceforatmosphericCO2inJuneandJuly,andthetotalCO2fluxfromseawaterintoatmosphereisabout740tinJuneand969tinJuly.