高考中考查的“It句型”

(整期优先)网络出版时间:2010-12-22
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高考中考查的“It句型”

丁德超

丁德超河南商城县达权店高中

Ⅰ.“虚义”it是一种“非指代性”it,以示区别于人称代词it,常用作没有具体意义的主语。

1.“虚义”it常出现于表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如:

Itiscoldtoday.

ItismildandrainyinthewinterinEngland.

Itis1℃/33.8℉heretoday.

Itis9:00o’clocknow.

ItisShangchengcountyhere.

Itis2kilometresfrommyhometoourschool.

Wereittorain,Iwouldn’tcome.

2.“虚义”it有时也用来表示一般的笼统的情况。如:

Itisdullhere―nopeople,nomusicbutonlymyself.

3.“虚义”it有时也常见于以下结构中。如:

Itseemsasthoughourideaispracticalforthemoment.

Itlooksasifshewereanangel.

It’smyturnnow.

4.“虚义”it也常用在某些常用语中,作形式上的动词宾语或介词的宾语,该习惯用语都有其特定的意义,但it并无特定意义。如:

Bobhadahardtimeofit.(=Bobwassuffering.)

Ⅱ.“先行”it充当形式主语或形式宾语,真正的主语或宾语是后面的不定式结构、–ing分词结构或名词性从句。如:

Itisdifficultformetosolvetheproblem.

Wefinditdifficultforhimtoforgetthatthing.

Itiswellknownthatheishonest.

Hemadeitclearthathewouldn’tcomeback.

当然也可以用后面的结构代替it。但是,都远不如上述句子常见,而且并非所有结构都可互换。如:

Itseemsthathedoesn’tknowthisthing.

IthappenedJimwastheonlywitness.

上述结构可变为:

Hedoesn’tseemtoknowthisthing.

Jimhappenedtobetheonlywitness.

Ⅲ.“分裂句引导词”it(即“强调句引导词”it),其结构形式为:“It+be的一定形式+被强调成分+that/who+剩余部分”,其中被强调成分可以是除谓语动词以外的任何成分。如:

ItwasJohnthatwontherace.

ItwasthewatchthatIlenthim.

ItmayhavebeenatChristmasthathismothergaveJimabox.

ItwaswhenIcameherethathewentaway.

ItwasbecauseIlovethedogthatItakeithere.

高考试题回放

1.Thefactthatshewasforeignmadedifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.(2010辽宁,33)

A.soB.muchC.thatD.it

2.—DoyouknowifLindaiswillingtotakechargeoftheprogram?

—,doesit?(2010安徽,24)

A.ItmakesnotimeB.Itcountsfornothing

C.Itdoesn’thurttoaskD.Itdoesn’tmakesense

3.Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillagethehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.(2010安徽,27)

A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which

4.John'ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardworkhasmadehimwhatheistoday.(2010湖南,25)

A.whyB.whenC.whichD.that

5.Itisuncertainsideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout,althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.(2010浙江,9)

A.thatB.whatC.howD.whether

6.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.(2009湖南,29)

A.reusingB.reusedC.reusesD.tobereused

7.Itwas_____hecamebankfromAfricathatwear_________hemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.(2009江西,27)

A.when;thenB.not;untilC.notuntil;thatD.only;whenK

8.Itisobvioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.(2009天津,7)

A.asB.whichC.whetherD.that

9.ItwasalongtheMississippiRiver______MarkTwainspentmuchofhischildhood.(2008天津,8)

A.howB.whichC.thatD.where

10.Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright______isofimportance.(2007重庆,27)

A.whichB.itC.thatD.this

参考答案:1—10DCBDBDCDCC