简介：在西南中国的云南的低纬度高地的降水政体服从于在东方亚洲夏天季风和印度夏天之间的相互作用表面山志学的季风，和影响。在它的空间、时间的模式的变化的理解着急地为气候变化设计，水文学影响建模，和地区性、下游的水资源管理被需要。用在最后几十年(1950s2007)的低纬度高地的每日的降水记录，降水的一个时间系列索引，包括年度降水，多雨的天的数字，吝啬的年度降水紧张，雨季的发作的日期，降水的度和时期季节的集中，最高1天、3天、7天的降水，和降水在不同紧张上面为降水多雨的天总计并且数(例如10公里，25公里一没有趋势的预先增白的Mann-Kendall趋势测试然后被用来检测时间系列数据的趋势。结果证明在年度降水和越过低纬度高地的降水趋势的强壮的季节的区别没有重要趋势。弹簧和冬季正在变得更湿，夏天正在变得更干燥。秋天在东方正在变得更干燥并且在西方更湿。作为后果，降水的seasonality稍微正在变弱。雨季和最高的降水的时期的开始趋于更早。同时，低纬度高地也见证不太多雨的天，更强烈的降水，稍微更长中等、重的降水事件，和更经常的极端降水事件。另外，降水趋势的地区性的区别是显著的。这些变化可以与东方亚洲夏天季风变弱并且南方亚洲人夏天季风，以及特殊多山的地面的走廊障碍效果加强被联系。然而，包含的物理机制仍然需要以后被揭开。

简介：AsalientfeatureoftheEastAsianorographyisthehugeTibetanPlateauinthewestandthebroadPacificintheeast.ReversalsinthetemperaturegradientbetweentheEurasiancontinentandtheadjacentPacificOceanassociatedwiththeprogressionoftheseasonshaveproducedtheprominentEastAsianmonsoonsystem.Thesummermonsooncontributesabout49%oftheannualprecipitationoverEastAsia.Anomalousmonsoonactivitieshaveandwillcontinuetoaffectmorethanonebillionpeoplelivinginthisarea(ZhouTJetal.,2009,2011).

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简介：Inthispaper,weprovethefollowingresults:1)AnormalbasisNoverafinitefieldisequivalenttoitsdualbasisifandonlyifthemultiplicationtableofNissymmetric;2)ThenormalbasisNisself-dualifandonlyifitsmultiplicationtableissymmetricandTr(α~2)=1,whereαgeneratesN;3)AnoptimalnormalbasisNisself-dualifandonlyifNisatype-Ⅰoptimalnormalbasiswithq=n=2orNisatype-Ⅱoptimalnormalbasis.

简介：Ｍｅｔａｔｈｅｓｉｓｏｆ１－ＨｅｐｔｅｎｅｏｖｅｒＴｕｎｇｓｔｅｎＣａｔａｌｙｓｔＩｍｍｏｂｉｌｉｚｅｄｏｎＰｏｌｙｍｅｒｓＹａｏＪｉｎｓｈｕｌ；ＬｉＨｏｎｇ；ＳｕｎＪｕｎｔａｎ；ＨｅＢｉｎｇｌｉｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｏｌｙｍｅｒＣｈｅｍｉｓｔ...

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简介：Inthispaperwe’llproveafundameutalpropertyofthevectorspacebymeansoftheex-tensionfield,i.e.thenumbersoftheelementsofabasisofthevectorspaceVoverthefieldFequaltothedimensions(V:F).

简介：Let{fX(t),t≧0}beacenteredstationaryGaussianprocesswithcorrelationr(t)suchthat1-r(t)isasymptotictoaregularlyvaryingfunction.WithTbeinganonnegativerandomvariableandindependentofX(t),theexactasymptoticsofP(supt∈[0;T]X(t)>x)isconsidered,asx→∞.

简介：SomeresultsonRaRbtransformationofcompoundfiniteautomataoverfinitefieldaregeneralizedtothecaseofcommutativerings.PropertiesofRaRbtransformationarediscussedandappliedtotheinversionproblemforcompoundfiniteautomata.

简介：空间变化并且日报在Qiongzhou海峡上的海表面风的变化在一条渡船上从自动气象站用验证数据集被描述，鼓励，并且在coast.Results上如下:(1)平均，海表面风速度比在沿海的area.Sea表面风8.0m/s以上加速的是在Qiongzhou海峡上更大的3-4m/s(在博福特规模五上)在沿海的区域与在Qiongzhou海峡(2)阵风的表面上更大的速度5-6m/s被联系当风速度是相等的放大五以上时，平均阵风系数是大约1.35.(3)在秋天和冬季，日报平均的风的差别在海峡上加速并且弯屈一致性是在沿海的区域的不到那些；什么时候弯屈速度，是10.8m/s(规模六)以上，日报当风一致性为海峡和海岸增加时，平均的风速度的差别减少。

简介：空间介词是认知语言学中的一个重要研究对象。在认知语义学的理论框架下，以认知语言学的范畴化理论为基础考察英语介词over，on空间范畴之间在语义特征上的区别与联系和其所对应的汉语在空间范畴化上的不同。通过对比分析以期考察目标语的语内认知因素、语际认知因素在英语空间介词语义习得过程中的影响，进而对英语空间介词教学有一定的启示作用。

简介：ThepresentstudyinvestigatesthechangesinTEC(totalelectroncontent)andionosphericscintillationindex(S4)inferredfromtheGNSSdatarecordedattheSCINDAstationofAbidjan(Latitude=5.34°N,Longitude=3.90°W)duringandafterasolarflare.Inthecourseof2014,ayearofhighsolaractivity,three(3)casesofextreme(X1.66)andmoderate(M6.23andM2.13)solarflaresrecordedinthemonthsofSeptemberandDecembereffectsontheionospherehavebeenstudiedusingtheXrayfluxes,themagneticparameters(Vx,Bz,Dst),theionosphericscintillationindexS4andTECanditsROT(timerateofchange).TheROTexhibitsaprominentpeakbetweenten(10)andtwelve(12)minutesaftertheoccurrenceofthemaximumpeakofthetimerateofchangeoftheX-rayfluxemittedduringtheflare.TheROTmaximumvalueoccurssimultaneouslywithanenhancementoftheS4index.DeferredperturbationsofthesolarflareontheTECintheSCINDAstationofAbidjanoccurwithin42to54hoursafteranM-classsolarflareandwithin46to58hoursfollowinganX-Classsolarflare.Themagneticstormsresultedfromtheseflaresshowanincrementof20%onVTECobservedwhencomparedtotheaverageVTEC()computedfromthemostfive(5)quietestdaysoftheselectedmonths.

简介：AccordingtoAlixPartners,aglobalconsultancy,whichpublishedthe2017GlobalAutomotiveOutlookinShanghairecently,theworldwideautomotivesectorisforecasttogrowto114millionvehiclesby2024.Inparticular,BrazilandRussiaareshowingsignsofrecoveryandgrowthhascontinuedinChina,whereastheUSisexpectedtocontinuetodeclineintheshortterm.AlthoughslightlybelowGDPexpectations,thisoverall

简介：为在在波长部门multiplexing(WDM)上的因特网协议(IP)的网络survivability问题的一条新途径光网络被建议通过逻辑拓扑学重构在物理连接失败下面提高IP层restorability。在交通到达和离开以后，更明确地相应地重新设置逻辑拓扑学是有用的在物理连接失败以后最小化交通混乱。在这份报纸，这个问题因此在第一次被建议并且作为一个整数提出了线性编程(ILP)问题。然后，二个启发式的算法被建议。建议算法的表演通过模拟被评估了，并且结果证明动态地重新设置逻辑拓扑学能在IP层完成交通的restorability的超过20%改进，但是与可接受的资源花费。

简介：InthisstudywevalidatetherawensemblemeanforecastsoftheCCCma’sGCM2modelagainstsurfacetemperatureandprecipitationdataobtainedfrom160Chinesestations.Itisfoundthatdespitethelagrebiases,themodelwasabletoproduceseasonalanomaliesthathavepropertiesthatarereasonablyclosetothosethatareobserved.Thisanomalyisthequantityofinterestwhenforecastingseasonalclimaticconditions.Therootmeansquareddifference(RMSD)betweentheforecastandobservedanomalyleadsustobemodestlyoptimisticabouttheprospectsforusingdynamicalmodelstoforecasttheinterannualvariabilityofsomemeteorologicalelements.ThecorrelationanalysisoftheforecastandobservationalsosupportstheresultgivenbytheRMSDanalysisandprovidesatoolforidentifytheforecastconfidencelevelinvariousregions,

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简介：Inthisarticle,the2-Dunsteadyviscousflowaroundtwocircularcylindersinatandemarrangementisnumericallysimulatedinordertostudythecharacteristicsoftheflowinbothlaminarandturbulentregimes.ThemethodappliedalternativelyisbasedonthefinitevolumemethodonaCartesian-staggeredgrid.Thegreatsourcetermtechniqueisemployedtoidentifythecylindersplacedintheflowfield.Toapplytheboundaryconditions,theghost-celltechniqueisused.Theimplementedcomputationalmethodisfirstlyvalidatedthroughsimulationoflaminarandturbulentflowsaroundafixedcircularcylinder.Finally,theflowaroundtwocircularcylindersinatandemarrangementissimulatedandanalyzed.Theflowvisualizationparameters,theStrouhalnumbers,anddragandliftcoefficientsarecomprehensivelypresentedandcomparedfordifferentcasesinordertorevealtheeffectoftheReynoldsnumberandgapspacingonthebehavioroftheflow.Theobtainedresultshaveshowntwocompletelydistinctflowcharacteristicsinlaminarandturbulentregimes.

简介：Inthispaper,theRIEMS2.0model,sourceemissionin2006and2010areusedtosimulatethedistributionsandradiativeeffectsofdifferentanthropogenicaerosolsoverChina.Thecomparisonbetweentheresultsforcedbysourceemissionsin2006and2010alsorevealsthesensitivityoftheradiativeeffectstosourceemission.Theresultsareshownasfollows:(1)Comparedwiththosein2006,theannualaveragesurfaceconcentrationofsulfatein2010decreasedovercentralandeasternChinawitharangeof-5to0μg/m~3;thedecreaseofannualaverageaerosolopticaldepthofsulfateoverEastChinavariedfrom0.04to0.08;theannualaveragesurfaceconcentrationsofBC,OCandnitrateincreasedovercentralandeasternChinawithmaximumsof10.90,11.52and12.50μg/m~3,respectively;theannualaerosolopticaldepthsofBC,OCandnitrateincreasedoversomeareasofEastChinawithextremesof0.006,0.007and0.008,respectively.(2)Fortheregionalaverageresultsin2010,theradiativeforcingsofsulfate,BC,OC,nitrateandtheirtotalnetradiativeforcingatthetopoftheatmosphereovercentralandeasternChinawere-0.64,0.29,-0.41,-0.33and-1.1W/m~2,respectively.Comparedwiththosein2006,theradiativeforcingsofBCandOCin2010werebothenhanced,whilethatofsulfateandthenetradiativeforcingwerebothweakenedoverEastChinamostly.(3)Thereductionofthecoolingeffectofsulfatein2010producedawarmersurfaceairtemperatureovercentralandeasternChina;themaximumvaluewas0.25K.Thecoolingeffectofnitratewasalsoslightlyweakened.ThewarmingeffectofBCwasenhancedovermostoftheareasinChina,whilethecoolingeffectofOCwasenhancedoverthesimilararea,particularlytheareabetweenYangtzeandHuangheRivers.Thenetradiativeeffectofthefouranthropogenicaerosolsgeneratedtheannualaveragereductionandthemaximumreductionwere-0.096and-0.285K,respectively,forthesurfacetemperaturein2006,whilein2010theywere-0.063and-0.256K,respectively.Insummary,thecha

简介：Thispaperisgoingtoappreciate"August"byCharlesDickensfromtheangleofover-regularitywhichispartofForegroundingtheory.

简介：TheestablishmentofChina’sEcologicalEconomicswasproposedbythefamouseconomistProf.XUDixinin1980.Overthepast34yearssinceitsestablishment,EcologicalEconomicshasdevelopedintoaninterdisciplinarysubjectcombinedwithnaturalsciencesandsocialsciences.ItsemergencemetthedemandofhumansocietyforenteringtheEcologicalEpoch.Thepastthreedecadeshaswitnessedthefoundationofeco-economictheoriesandtheemergenceofvariousguidingthoughtsandpolicysuggestionswhichhavemadegreatcontributionstoChina’smodernizationandreform.Theguidingideologyof"coordinationbetweenecologyandeconomy"hasbeenwidelyacknowledgedbygovernmentsandpeople,andtheconceptof"ecologicaleconomy"hasenjoyedpopularsupportamongthegeneralpublic,whichbothplayincreasinglyimportantrolesinguidingpracticeandhavemajorinfluencesaroundtheworld.