简介:Electrolysisofammoniainalkalineelectrolytesolutionwasappliedfortheproductionofhydrogen.BothPt-loadedNifoamandPt-IrloadedNifoamelectrodeswerepreparedbyelectrodepositionandservedasanodeandcathodeinammoniaelectrolyticcell,respectively.TheelectrochemicalbehaviorsofammoniainKOHsolutionwereindividuallyinvestigatedviacyclicvoltammetryonthreeelectrodes,i.e.bareNifoamelectrode,Pt-loadedNifoamelectrodeandPt-IrloadedNifoamelectrode.ThemorphologyandcompositionofthepreparedNifoamelectrodewereanalyzedbyscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)andX-raydiffraction(XRD).Effectsoftheconcentrationofelectrolytesolutionandtemperatureofelectrolyticcellontheelectrolysisreactionwereexaminedinordertoenhancetheefficiencyofammoniaelectrolysis.Thecompetitionofammoniaelectrolysisandwaterelectrolysisinthesamealkalinesolutionwasfirstlyproposedtoexplainthechangesofcellvoltagewiththeelectrolysisproceeding.Atvaryingcurrentdensities,differentcellvoltagescouldbeobtainedfromgalvanostaticcurves.Thelowcellvoltageof0.58V,whichislessthanthepracticalelectrolysisvoltageofwater(1.6V),canbeobtainedatacurrentdensityof2.5mA/cm2.Basedonsomeexperimentalparameters,suchastheappliedcurrent,theresultingcellvoltageandoutputofhydrogengas,thepowerconsumptionpergramofH2producedcanbeestimated.
简介:WehaveUV-inscribedfiberBragggratings(FBGs),long-periodgratings(LPGs),andtiltedfibergratings(TFGs)intomid-IR2μmrangeusingthreecommonopticalfibergratingfabricationtechniques(two-beamholographic,phasemask,andpoint-by-point).ThefabricatedFBGshavebeenevaluatedforthermalandstrainresponse.IthasbeenrevealedthattheFBGdeviceswithresponsesinmid-IRrangearemuchmoresensitivetotemperaturethanthatinnear-IRrange.Toexploretheuniquecladdingmodecouplingfunction,wehaveinvestigatedthethermalandrefractiveindexsensitivitiesofLPGsandidentifiedthatthecoupledcladdingmodesinmid-IRrangearealsomuchmoresensitivetotemperatureandsurroundingmediumrefractiveindexchange.The45°tiltedfibergratings(45°-TFGs)aspolarizingdevicesinmid-IRhavebeeninvestigatedfortheirpolarizationextinctioncharacteristics.Asefficientreflectionfiltersandin-cavitypolarizers,themid-IRFBGsand45°-TFGshavebeenemployedinfiberlasercavitytorealizemulti-wavelength2μmTm-dopedCWandmodelockedfiberlasers,respectively.
简介:AmultisensordistributedextendedKalmanfilteringalgorithmispresentedfornonlinearsystem,inwhichthedynamicequationofthesystemandtheequationsofsensor’smeasurementsarelinearizedintheglobalestimateandglobalpredictionrespectivelyandthesuboptimalglobalestimatebasedonallavailableinformationcanbereconstructedfromtheestimatescomputedbylocalsensorsbasedsolelyontheirownlocalinformationandtransmittedtothedatafusioncenter.Ananalysisofthepropertiesofthealgorithmpresentedhereshowsthattheglobalestimatehashigherprecisionthanthelocaloneandsmallerlinearizationerrorthantheexistingmethod.Finally,anapplicationofthealgorithmtoradar/IRtrackingofamaneuveringtargetisillustrated.Simulationresultsshowtheeffectivenessofthealgorithm.
简介:ZM5镁合金上的preplacedAl+红外粉末的激光cladding被执行提高ZM5镁合金的腐蚀抵抗。一冶金契约在涂层/底层接口被获得。激光cladded样品的腐蚀潜力(Ecorr)是对未经治疗的ZM5底层的积极的169mV,当腐蚀电流(Icorr)低大约一个数量级时。激光cladded样品不同于未经治疗的ZM5底层,在极化阴谋显示出一个被动区域。沉浸测试证实激光claddedZM5样品的腐蚀电阻显著地在3.5wt.%NaCl答案被提高。在cladding层和快速的稳固的特征形成的AlIr,Mg17Al12,和艾尔的Al富有的阶段被贡献涂层的改进腐蚀行为。
简介:Wavelengthmodulationtechnique(WMT)andactiveintracavitytechnique(ACIT)arefirstintroducedinthispaper,whichareusedtorealizetheconcentrationdetectionofmethaneandacetylenerespectively.WhenACITiscombinedwithwavelengthsweeptechnique(WST),thedetectionsensitivityofacetylenecanbeenhancedsharply.WhenACITiscombinedwithWSTandWMT,thedetectionsensitivityofacetylenecanbeenhancedfurther.
简介:Usingthehypothesisthatdatatransmittedbydifferentusersarestatisticallyindependentofeachother,thispaperproposesafixed-pointblindadaptivemultiuserdetectionalgorithmforTime-Hopping(TH)ImpulseRadio(IR)UltraWideBand(UWB)systemsinmultipathchannel,whichisbasedonIndependentComponentAnalysis(ICA)idea.Theproposedalgorithmemploysmaximizingnegentropycriteriontoseparatethedatapacketsofdifferentusers.Thentheusercharacteristicse-quencesareutilizedtoidentifythedatapacketorderofthedesireduser.Thisalgorithmonlyneedsthedesireduser’scharacteristicsequenceinsteadofchannelinformation,powerinformationandtime-hopingcodeofanyuser.Duetousinghypothesisofstatisticalindependenceamongusers,theproposedalgorithmhastheoutstandingBitErrorRate(BER)performanceandtheexcellentabilityofnear-farresistance.SimulationresultsdemonstratethatthisalgorithmhastheperformanceclosetothatofMaximum-Likelihood(ML)algorithmandisasuboptimumblindadaptivemultiuserdetectionalgorithmofexcellentnear-farresistanceandlowcomplexity.
简介:雷纳兹应力(RS)上的积极偏爱的效果和它在边血浆的光线的狂暴的运输上的效果(r/a?=?0.9)并且在tokamak的血浆的擦去层(太阳)区域被调查。光线并且poloidal电场(Er,Ep)和离子浸透电流(我s)被多种用途的探查(MPP)测量。这根探针在IR-T1tokamak第一次被制作并且构造。这根探针的大多数优点是Er和Ep能在单个射击在不同半径被测量。因此不同半径的信息能与高精确相比。偏爱电压在V偏爱?=?200V和它与在r/a被修理的limiter偏爱被使用了?=?0.9。而且,之间的阶段差别光线并且MPP检测的RS光谱的poloidal电场,和时间的进化被计算。边上的RS大小(r/a?=?0.9)多于它在太阳的价值(r/a?=?1.02)。与应用偏爱200V,RS和Er和Ep被增加,当光线的狂暴的运输同时被减少时。因此,RS影响光线的骚乱,这能被结束。RS光谱的时间的进化证明RS的频率在r/a被增加并且到达它的最高的价值?=?0.9面对偏爱。
简介:摘要目的本实验探讨胰岛素样生长因子与病理分级、临床分期和转移的关系。方法用免疫组化SP法检测16例正常子宫内膜,8例单纯/复杂性增生内膜,7例不典型增生内膜及69例子宫内膜腺癌组织中IGF-Ⅰ、IGF-ⅠR的表达情况。结果增生期和分泌期子宫内膜IGF-Ⅰ蛋白表达阳性率是54.5%、40%(P>0.05);IGF-ⅠR蛋白表达阳性率是18.2%、60%(P>0.05)。结论(1)IGF-Ⅰ与子宫内膜增生可能无关。(2)在子宫内膜不典型增生及癌变组织中IGF-ⅠR的表达增高,推测其在内膜细胞的恶性转变及恶性增殖过程中可能发挥重要的作用。
简介:ObjectivesToinvestigatetheeffectandmechanismofendovaseularbraehytherapywith^192IronexpressionoftypeIcollagen,metalloproteinases-1(MMP-1)andthetissueinhibitor(TIMP-1)afterangioplasty.MethodsRestenotiemodelofdomesticmieroswinewasemployedandtheiliaearterieswererandomizedtoradiationgroup(n=12),whichweretreatedwith20-25Gyof^192Ir,andnon-radiationgroup(n=36)afterangioplasty.Thetargetvesselswereharvestedintheendof3monthsand6monthsafterangioplasty.Im-munohistochemistryandinsituhybridizationwereusedtodetectproteinsoftypeIcollagen,MMP-1andTIMP-1,andmRNAexpressionoftypeIcollagen.ResultsTheproteinandmRNAoftypeIcollagen,theratiosofTIMP-1/MMP-1weresignificantlylowerinradiationgroupthaninnon-radiationgroup(P<0.05or0.01).ThepeakoftranscriptionoftypeIcollagenmRNAwasat6monthsand3monthsinnon-radiationgroupandradiationgrouprespectively.ConclusionsEndovascularbrachytherapywith^192IrmightmodifythemetabolismofextracellularmatrixafterangioplastybyinhibitingthesynthesisoftypeIcollagenandtheactivitiesofMMP-1andTIMP-1.