简介:Ricefieldsareecosystemswithmanytypesofplants,microbes,invertebrates,birdsandanimals.Thericefarmingprotectsthebiodiversityoftheregionandmaintainstheecosystemforthebenefitofenvironment.Somericevarietiesreleasebiocidalallelochemicalswhichmightaffectmajorweeds,microbialandpathogenicdiversityaroundriceplants,evensoilcharacteristics.Alargenumberofcompoundssuchasphenolicacids,fattyacids,indolesandterpeneshavebeenidentifiedinricerootexudatesanddecomposingriceresidues,asputativeallelochemicalswhichcaninteractwithsurroundingenvironment.Sincetheseallelopathicinteractionsmaybepositive,theycanbeusedaseffectivecontributorforsustainableandeco-friendlyagro-productionsystem.Geneticmodificationofcropplantstoimprovetheirallelopathicpropertiesandenhancementofdesirabletraitshasbeensuggested.Developmentofcropswithenhancedallelopathictraitsbygeneticmodificationshouldbedonecautiously,keepinginviewoftheecologicalriskassessment(non-toxicandsafeforhumansandecosystem,cropproductivity,ratioofbenefitandcost,etc.).
简介:Genesarecontinuallybeingcreatedbytheprocessesofgenomeduplication(ohnolog)andgeneduplication(paralog)Whole-genomeduplicationshavebeenfoundtobewidespreadinplantspeciesandplayanimportantroleinplantevolution.Clearlyun-overlappingduplicatedblocksofwhole-genomeduplicationscanbedetectedinthegenomeofsequencedrice(Oryzasativa).Syntenicohnologpairs(ohnologues)ofthewhole-genomeduplicationsinricewereidentifiedbasedontheirsyntenicduplicatelines.Theparalogsofohnologueswerefurtherscannedusingmulti-roundreciprocalBLASTbest-hitsearching(E<e-14).Theresultsindicatedthatanaverageof0.55sisterparalogscouldbefoundforeveryohnologueinrice.Theseresultssuggestthatsmall-scaleduplications,aswellaswhole-genomeduplications,playasignificantroleinthetwoduplicatedricegenomes.
简介:Lipoxygenase3(LOX3)isamajorcomponentoftheLOXisozymesinmaturericeseeds.ToinvestigatetheroleofLOX3geneunderstresses,aplantexpressionvectorcontainingantisensecDNAofLOX3wasconstructed.RicevarietiesWuyunjing7andKasalathweretransformedbytheAgrobacterium-mediatedmethodandtransgenicriceplantsweregenerated.PCRandSouthernblotresultsshowedthattheantisenseLOX3genewasintegratedintothericegenome.AnalysesofembryoLOX3deletionandsemi-quantitativeRT-PCRconfirmedtheantisensesuppressionofLOX3geneintransgenicplants.TheT2antisenseplantsofLOX3weresensitivetodroughtstress,riceblastandbacterialblightcomparedwithnon-transgenicplants.TheseresultssuggestthattheLOX3genemightfunctioninresponsetostresses.